Songshudaban gold deposit in Yanqi County is located in the middle part of the Southwest Tianshan of Xinjiang gold polymetallic metallogenic belt，and near north margin of suture zone between the Tarim plate and Kazakhstan-Erie plate.Songshudaban gold deposit produced in the Sahentuohai-Dashankou brittle-ductile shear zones.The ore-bearing rock are a set of fine clastic rocks and quartz veins from the middle Devonian Saaerming formation.The NW and NWW trending faults developed in the mining area，and metallogenic geological conditions are superior.1∶10 000 geological survey，1∶10 000 soil geochemical survey and explora-tory trench reveal，and other works have been carried out in the area.Four gold orebodies were found，but these orebodies have the features of small scale，low grade and extends unsteadily，the prospecting results are not outstanding.To identify abnormal sources of soil geochemical anomalies and search mineralized rich areas of gold，expand the size of the existing gold orebodies or find new gold orebodies in Songshudaban area，the 1∶2 000 rock geochemistry profile measurement were carried out，two primary halo comprehensive anomaly zones of Au，As，Sb，Hg，Cu，Bi with NWW trending were delinead.The anomalies are mainly distributed in limonite mineralized，kaolinized sericite phylliterelated to ductile shear zone.The mineralization and alteration of sericite chlorite slate，andesite porphyry，marble and other strata on both sides of the shear zone is relatively weak.After anomaly verification，three new gold orebodies and mineralization spots were found.The engineering control gold orebodies are 60~120 m long and 1.00~3.25 m thick with a grade of 0.65×10^-6~2.85×10^-6，it means that the good geochemical anomalies and ore prospecting results have been achieved.According to the features of rock geochemistry and gold mineralization，it is believed that the first subgroup of middle Devonian Saaerming formation is the favorable strata for searching gold deposits，and it is very important ore-searching criteria.The gold deposit is strictly controlled by ductile shear zones.There is great potential to find ductile shear zone gold deposits in Songshudaban mine area.

The Paishanlou gold deposit is located in the gold province of northern margin of North China Craton，which is the third largest gold province in China.The deposit is mainly hosted in metamorphic rocks of the Jianping Group of Archean and it is structurally controlled by two sets of ductile shear zones.Both the Paishanlou gold deposit in Liaoning Province and Hetai gold deposit in Guangdong Province were firstly been confirmed as ductile shear zone type gold deposits in China.The main orebody T4 in the mining area is controlled by the northeast trending ductile shear zone，and the host rocks are the biotite-plagioclase mylonite and felsic mylonite from Late Archean Jianping Group.The orebody lies in the most strongly deformed rocks in the ductile shear zone，and its hanging wall is dolomitic mylonite.Previous studies have shown that dolomitic mylonite plays a role as a geochemical barrier in the mineralizing process.The Yanshanian granite intruded into the ore-bearing Jianping Group.In this study，by summarizing the geological characteristics and main ore-controlling factors of the Paishanlou gold deposit，it is believed that the ductile shear zone in the area is a rock-controlling and ore-controlling structure，which controls the spatial distribution of the ore-bearing mylonite and gold ore bodies.Granite intrusion causes thinning of ore-bearing rocks which reduced prospecting space.The grade and thickness data of the ore-body T4 were collected in this study.By using the Surfer software to compile the grade and thickness contour maps，the distribution characteristics of the grade and thickness of the ore-body T4 were analyzed.It is considered that the grade and thickness of the ore-body T4 from the east end near the surface to the deep end of the west end can be divided into three obvious gradient zones，and the grade and thickness gradually decrease.The thickness and grade of the orebody shows spatially high consistency.According to the gold grade contour map，we judge that the orebody is leaning to the south and west，with a side leaning angle of 53°.It indicates that the thickness and grade of the orebody T4 in the southwest of the deep have a significant decrease.Therefore，there is no great potential to find economically important orebody in the southwest of the deep.It’s proposed to analyze and research the prospecting potential of other ductile shear zones in the mining area.

The interference vibration reduction technology based on precise delay hole by hole initiation is not only an effective means to reduce blasting vibration，but also can improve the effect of rock fragmentation and realize the active control of blasting vibration effect and harm.The key of this technology is to calculate the accurate and reasonable delay time under the conditions of reasonable hole layout parameters，single hole charge and charge structure conditions.However，due to the low time delay accuracy and instability of the conventional ordinary nonel detonator，the effect of controlling the millisecond delay interval to reduce the blasting vibration is not good.Engineering blasting operations are mostly carried out in complex environments and have strict requirements on blasting vibration.Combining previous research results，an accurate and reasonable delay time for underground shallow hole blasting was given.At the same time，combined with the field test research，the application of accurate delay time in reducing blasting vibration was explored.In view of the fact that the digital electronic detonator initiation network can realize the precise control of the delay time of precise delay hole by hole initiation，the delay time can be set flexibly and the performance is stable，using high-precision and high-strength digital electronic detonator，the field test of precise delay hole by hole initiation was designed and carried out.And the vibration waveform velocity of vibration time history signal was analyzed by using MA-TLAB 18.0. In the field test，vector synthesis of the waveform can be obtained，and the peak velocity of the vibration waveform under the delay time between holes of 25 ms is reduced by 27%，8%，29%，52% compared with the peak velocity of 15，20，30，35 ms successively.The peak value of the vibration waveform velocity under the delay time between rows of 75 ms is reduced by 28%，26% and 23% compared with the delay of 25 ms，125 ms and 200 ms between rows of single row blastholes.The test results show that the reasonable delay time between holes and rows can effectively reduce the blasting vibration intensity.

The technological type of ore in Bamian，Laos is low sulfide and quartz vein gold ore among which the main recycled element is gold with the grade of 42×10^-6.The process mineralogy of gold ore was researched by microscope identification，SEM observation，MLA analysis，EDS analysis and multi-element chemical analysis.In order to find out the occurrence state of gold and provide process mineralogy data support and theoretical basis for the subsequent process design of beneficiation.The results show that：（1）The precious metal mineral is natural gold，which is the main recovered element.The main non-metallic minerals are quartz and plagioclase，the main metallic minerals are pyrite and arsenopyrite，followed by sphalerite.（2）A total of 165 natural gold particles were found in the ore，and the gold minerals are mainly natural gold which average purity is 905.09‰.The shape of natural gold is complex，mainly for the horn-granular and long-granular.The grain size of natural gold is coarser，which included 79.84% of visible gold，and 20.16% of micro gold.（3）The occurrence types of gold included 52.67% of fissure gold，40.33% of intergranular gold and 7.00% inclusion gold.（4）The main gold bearing minerals are arsenopyrite，pyrite，sphalerite，quartz and tourmaline，which closely symbiosis.The occurrence state of gold shows that the main natural gold is fissure gold and intergranular gold，the total of which is 93.00%.Moreover，the granularity of fissure gold and intergranular gold is relatively coarse.Usually the gold in this ore is easy to liberate.The arsenic in gold concentrage will exceed the standard because of the arsenopyrite is the main gold bearing mineral and arsenic bearing mineral. Through the unite gravity-flotation separation process，the gold recovery can reach to 95.5% under the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 75%.The results of this study have found out the occurrence state of gold，filled in the blank of process mineralogy of quartz vein type gold ore and provided the basis for the process design of beneficiation.

The Asiha vein-type gold deposit，located in the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt，provides an excellent opportunity for deciphering precipitations of metals and origins of orogenic intrusion-related gold systems.Predecessors have proposed that Asiha gold deposit is an orogenic gold deposit or magmatic hydrothermal gold deposit related to intrusion body，and the genesis of the deposit is controversial.Gold precipitation is closely related to arsenic content and vulcanization，and the main precipitation mechanism is not clear.However，pyrite often occurs in many types of gold deposits，which can provide detailed mineralization information in explaining the source of ore-forming materials，the composition of ore-forming fluids and metallogenic physicochemical conditions，while colloidal pyrite with special structure can provide more important mineralization information.Pyrite is an excellent research object for constraining the genesis of ore deposits.There are two types of pyrite in Asiha gold deposit，namely，early euhedral crystalline pyrite and late colloidal pyrite.Through the study of the chemical composition and microstructure of colloidal pyrite，it is found that gold arsenic decoupling occurs in Asha gold deposit，and the gold precipitation is closely related to the particle size of pyrite.In order to clarify the genesis and gold precipitations of Asiha gold deposit，backscatter electron scanning microscope analysis，in-situ trace element analysis，area scan analysis and in-situ sulfur isotope analysis are carried out for colloidal pyrite.Colloidal pyrite is a parallel or irregular concentric ring belt with irregular complex surfaces.The transition between ribbons is a gradual transition.The bands on the strip often have the contraction pattern of the gel，and the width of the strip is 3~200 μm.Under high-power scanning electron microscope （SEM），it shows the aggregation of micron fine particles and dark gray substrate.Colloidal pyrite is rich in As （median of 3 164×10^-6），Au （median of 4.15×10^-6），Cu （median of 13 070×10^-6），Pb （median of 1 157×10^-6），Ag （median of 781.2×10^-6），Sb （median of 1 668×10^-6），but poor Co in （median of 44.48×10^-6），Ni （median of 2.96×10^-6） and Te （below the detection limit），and the Co/Ni ratio is greater than 10.The area scan shows clear zoning characteristics of As，Au，Co，Cu，Mo，Ag and Bi，and the distribution consistency of gold and arsenic is weak.The δ³⁴S value range of colloidal pyrite（+6.1‰~+6.8‰） is narrow.Combined with the in-situ trace elements，in-situ sulfur isotopes and microstructure of colloidal pyrite，it is considered that the colloidal pyrite is of magmatic hydrothermal origin，which may be a close genetic relationship with the concealed granite porphyry in the Asiha gold deposit.Arsenic and Au in colloidal pyrite precipitated rapidly under the condition of sudden temperature drop are decoupled，and the micron size pyrite is the dominant factor controlling the enrichment of solid solution gold.

Kangma area is located in the eastern part of the Tethys Himalayan tectonic domain，and it is a characteristic and important gold（antimony） metallogenic belt in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Buzhu gold（antimony） deposit is located in the Kangma area where the EW trending fault and SN trending fault intersect，and the metallogenic geological conditions are good.In this paper，1∶10 000 soil geochemical survey of Buzhu gold（antimony） deposit in Kangma County，southern Tibet was studied.Eight trace elements from soil geochemical survey in the study area were analyzed statistically by using the coefficient of change of elements and the discrete characteristics of element enrichment.By discussing the metallogenic potential of eight trace elements and combining with the characteristics of Au，Ag，As，Sb and Pb with high coefficient of variation，large degree of dispersion and many mineralization in the study area，it is considered that Au is the main metallogenic element in the study area，and Ag，As，Sb and Pb can be used as important indicator elements to search for gold deposits in this area.Cluster analysis，correlation analysis and factor analysis were used to study the rule of element association.Three groups of element association were divided.The first group was the element association of Au，Ag，As and Sb，the second was the element association of Pb and Zn，and the third was the element association of Hg and Cu.Among them，the first group of Au，Ag，As，Sb element assemblage is the main ore-forming element assemblage in the study area，Au is the most important ore-forming element in the study area，Ag，As，Sb element is an important indicator element to search for gold deposits in the area，which has a good ore-prospecting prospect.The method of mean ±3 times standard deviation was used to study the geochemical anomalies and determine the lower limit of the anomalies.Combined with the contrast anomaly delineation method，seven major element comprehensive anomalies （HS-1~HS-7） with good correlation with gold elements were delineated.Combined with the regional metallogenic geological background and the geological-geochemical characteristics of the study area，two favorable prospecting target areas are delineated.The geochemical anomalies in the two target areas are significant，with prominent concentration centers and good combination of anomalies，which have great prospecting potential.Through the field geological survey，it was found that limonite fossil quartz vein was found in target area 1，and local intense limonitization occurred，which is a key ore prospecting area for the next step.

Quartz （carbonate） vein type and altered rock type ores are the most important ore types in hy-drothermal gold deposits，and the quartz vein type ores are widely studied. However，altered rock type ores are much less well studied due to the complexity of mineral compositions and unavailability for fluid inclusion and geochemical analysis. Compared with quartz veins，altered rock ores generally has a lower grade but larger reserve，which is of great significance for gold exploration. Altered rock ores，closely associated with fluid-rock interactions，represent a typical mineralization style in hydrothermal gold deposits. In the Huangjindong gold deposit of the Jiangnan orogenic belt，South China，altered slate ores are mostly developed in the bleaching alteration zone.Previous research demonstrates that the alteration associated with mineralization mainly include sericitization，silicification，carbonatization and sulfidation，but the gold precipitation mechanism of altered slate ores remains indistinct. Based on field work， and petrographic observations，altered rock type ores in the Huangjindong gold deposit commonly occur in the bleaching alteration zone with a remarkable color transformation from greenish grey to yellow-pale grey.The bleaching alteration zone generally distribute symmetrically along carbonate-quartz veins and mainly characterized by the occurrence of siderite spots，as well as sericites and cryptocrystalline quartzes. Abundant gold-bearing sulfide in altered slates aggregate near carbonate spots，sharing similar geochemical compositions with those in quartz veins viaElectron Probe Microanalysis （EPMA）.These sulfides locally crosscut siderite grains，as well as the cementing of partially dissolved siderite grains by quartz，demonstrating that the fading alteration took place before gold mineralization and likely generated by the reaction of CO₂-rich fluids with host rocks. Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer （TIMA） analysis shows that two alteration zones have been observed in the altered slate，from the proximal to the distal side of the carbonate-quartz vein are silicification and sericitization，respectively. Micro area X-ray Fluorescence Surface Scan （μ-XRF） elemental mapping on carbonate-quartz vein and adjacent alteration zone suggest that most elements have obvious zoning. Mg，Fe and Mn are aggregated into spots in the alteration zones because of the appearance of siderite. Si is abundant in silicification zone，K and Al contents are high in sericitization zone. These results show that large amounts of siderite spots are generated during the pre-mineralization fluid-rock reaction，and thus provide favorable chemical traps for gold mineralization. The chemical reaction between gold-bearing fluid and siderite spot occurs during the ore-forming period，and contributes to gold mineralization by triggering sulfidation，which is the major genesis for the altered slate ores in the Huangjindong gold deposit.

The Huaiji area belongs to the middle section of the Nanling metallogenic belt in Guangdong Province.The metallogenic geological conditions of the Huaiji area are superior.A large number of deposits（points） such as iron，lead，zinc and silver have been found in the area，but their genetic relationship with granite has not been studied in depth.In order to determine the source of minerals，S，Pb，H and O isotope geochemistry studies were carried out to explore the source of metallogenic minerals.On the basis of the background analysis of ore-forming elements，the Pb and S isotope analysis of sulfide in the ore，and the O，H，C isotope analysis of the quartz and carbonate in the altered rock and ore were carried out to trace the mineralization and the source of ore-forming fluids reveals the coupling relationship between magmatic activity and mineralization.The results show that：δ³⁴S_CDT（‰） is -0.12‰~6.58‰，the mean value is 3.23‰，the peak is in the 3‰~5‰，there is a clear tower-like distribution.Since there is no sulfate in the ore，most of the S in the ore-forming fluid is H₂S，which is in a low f（O₂） and low pH environment.The δ³⁴S value of pyrite is approximately equal to the δ³⁴S∑S value of the fluid.Therefore，its sulfur source mainly comes from deep sources，and a small part comes from sulfate materials in stratigraphic marine carbonate rocks.The Pb isotopic composition of most ores is similar to that of Late Cretaceous granite potash feldspar，but the ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb value of the ores is generally slightly lower.The ore-forming material may mainly come from granite，but there is a small amount of mantle-derived material during the mineralization.The test results of the H and O isotopes of the representative quartz fluids related to the Late Cretaceous granites in the survey area are input into the fluid hydrogen and oxygen isotope composition diagram.Except for the Jiangjuntou deposit，all fall into the range of magmatic water，indicating the main source of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids in magma water.Through the study，it is further confirmed that the ore-forming materials and ore-forming fluids of the skarn type and skarn-hydrothermal vein type deposits in Huaiji area are mainly derived from the late Cretaceous granite.

Wulong gold deposit is the largest quartz vein type gold deposit in the Liaodong gold district.The accumulated proven gold resources are more than 80 tons with an average grade of 5.35×10^-6.The fault structure is well developed and magmatic activity is widespread in the Wulong gold deposit，thus it has good metallogenic potential.Wulong gold deposit has been mined for many years，the gold reserve is reducing steadily，so it is urgent to find deep concealed gold resources.The physical properties of different rocks have been tested and analyzed in Wulong mining area，which show that their resistivities are significantly different，and they have the geophysical prerequisites for prospecting and exploration.EH4 magnetotelluric method is one of the advanced techniques in geophysical exploration system，especially in ore-control structure and metallogenic prediction.In this study，the EH4 magnetotelluric method was used，and sounding data acquisition and two-dimensional inversion calculations were carried out on the east and west sides of Wulong gold deposit.Three EH4 measuring lines of No.100，No.1000，and No.1050 were laid out on the east and west sides of the Wulong gold deposit.The lengths of these EH4 measuring lines are 1 000 m，800 m，and 800 m，respectively.Specifically，the line of No.100 on the east side is mainly used to detect the NNE-trending 100^# fault，while the lines of No.1000 and No.1050 on the west side are mainly used to detect the NNE-trending Jixingou fault.The scalar TM mode was adopted in the EH4 test work in Wulong gold deposit.On the basis of the above work，we first check the original measurement data，then perform computer processing，and finally draw the EH4 2D inversion profile.The EH4 two-dimensional inversion profile has effectively identified the 100^# fault and Jixingou fault on the east and west sides of the Wulong gold deposit with vertical extensions exceeding 1 000 m.In addition，field geological observations and tunnel or drilling projects showed that there is obvious gold mineralization on the surface and shallow parts of these fault zones，which indicated that these fault structures （100^# fault and Jixingou fault） play an important role in the Wulong gold mineralization.The results of this study show that the EH4 magnetotelluric method is effective in the study of ore-controlling structure and metallogenic prediction in the Wulong gold deposit.The eastern，western and deep areas of the Wulong gold deposit have quite good prospecting potential，which points out the direction for the further prospecting.

Concrete is an important building material in roadway support，but there are often quality problems in roadway construction，such as honeycomb surface，cracks，holes and large area damage，which need to be repaired in order not to affect the normal production.Geopolymer concrete has the characteristics of fast setting time，high early strength，strong interface bonding ability，low permeability，high temperature resistance，frost resistance，corrosion resistance，excellent durability and low energy consumption，low pollution and low cost in the preparation process，and has the potential to be used as concrete repair materials.At present，there is no consensus on the proportion design of geopolymer concrete.The fly ash and slag were activated using sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide as alkalin-activator solution for the preparation of geopolymer mortar.The effects of different alkali-activator modulus （1.0，1.2，1.4） and content （10%，15%，20%） on the mechanical properties of mortar at different ages （3 d，7 d，28 d） were studied.The results show that the modulus and content of alkali-activator have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of geopolymers.Too large or too small alkali-activator modulus and content are not conducive to the strength development of geopolymer mortar.When the ratio of fly ash to slag is 1∶1，the modulus of water glass is 1.2，the content of alkali is 15%，the flexural and compressive strength of geopolymer mortar reaches the best value.The 28 d flexural strength is 7.6 MPa，the 28 d compressive strength is 72.3 MPa.In order to further explore the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete with different mix ratios，the orthogonal experiment with three factors and three levels was designed to study the effects of different water-binder ratio （0.45，0.50，0.55），fly ash content （30%，50%，70%） and sand ratio （30%，35%，40%） on the workability and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete at different ages （7 d，28 d）.Taking the compressive strength as the evaluation index，the results show that fly ash content has the most significant effect on compressive strength，followed by water-binder ratio，and sand ratio has almost no effect on strength development.The results of variance analysis of 7 d and 28 d show that the content of fly ash has a highly significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete，the water-binder ratio has a significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete，but the sand ratio has no significant effect on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete.Considering the workability and mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete，combined with the results of microstructure analysis，geopolymer concrete with water-binder ratio of 0.50 and fly ash content of 50% is a promising rapid repair material.

Millisecond delay blasting refers to the delay blasting with the interval of several millisecond to tens of millisecond between the adjacent blasting holes. The reasonable millisecond time can make the ore rock fully collide and break，and reduce the production of large blocks. It can weaken or even cancel the stress waves between the blastholes and reduce the blasting vibration. With the wide use of digital electronic detonators，it is possible to realize precise millisecond delay blasting hole by hole. Selecting the optimal millisecond time between holes and rows is of great significance to further improve the blasting efficiency and quality. Based on JKSimBlast blasting simulation software，relying on an open-pit iron mine，under the given hole network parameters and charging structure，combined with the commonly used empirical formula of mine，we design a comprehensive simulation scheme of two factors and three levels，in which the millisecond time between holes is 21 ms，39 ms，56 ms respectively，and the millisecond time between rows is 60 ms，78 ms，96 ms respectively. Taking the maximum number of blasting holes in the same section，the peak vibration velocity of particles and the air impact pressure as indexes，the blasting effect is evaluated. The results show that when the millisecond time between holes is 39 ms and the millisecond time between rows is 78 ms，the maximum number of blasting holes and the maximum number of segments in the same blasting section are both 2，which is the minimum of all simulation results，indicating that the harmful effect of blasting is the smallest. Then，under the condition that the spacing pattern parameter，loaded constitution and layout of priming network remain unchanged，the optimized design scheme of millisecond time is used to design 39 ms between holes and 78 ms between rows，compared with 25 ms between holes and 42 ms between rows，and the delay time in holes is set to 450 ms，The blasting effect is evaluated according to two indexes of blasting fragmentation and blasting vibration. The results show that compared with the empirical scheme，the boulder rate of millisecond time blasting obtained by JKSimBlast blasting simulation software is reduced from 14.30% to 7.94%，with a decrease of 44.5%.At about 200 m away from the blasting center，the average blasting vibration velocity decreased from 11.682 cm/s to 6.418 cm/s，a decrease of 45%. It is proved that JKSimBlast blasting simulation software has the advantages of high accuracy，strong operability，low cost and wide coverage，which provides a new idea for the determination of Millisecond delay blasting time parameters in open pit mining process.

The carbonaceous matters in carbonaceous gold ores can adsorb the gold dissolved in the process of cyanide leaching，which seriously affects the recovery of gold and is one of the most important troubles in gold processing.Various pretreatment methods have been used to eliminate the harmful effects of carbonaceous matters in gold leaching processes.Due to the characteristics of carbonaceous matters such as fine particle size，wide distribution range of particle size，complex compositions and difficulty on separation，there are few achievements of in-depth research on carbonaceous matters in carbonaceous gold ores at home and abroad.The main research tends to the development and optimization of the pretreatment processes of carbonaceous gold ores.Some new discoveries have enriched the scientific understanding of carbonaceous matters.Many kinds of substances can absorb gold in leaching process，but in the presence of carbonaceous matters，the absorb ability of other substances is often ignored.Among these carbonaceous matters，organic carbon and elemental carbon with pore structure which is similar to activated carbon have strong “preg-robbing” ability.The compositions of organic carbon have not been determined so far，but the discovery of kerogen further sheds light on the compositions of organic carbon and the geological conditions under which it formed.The kerogen are an important gold-containing carrier in the form of porous powder and solid particles.The discovery of kerogen provides a new idea for the removal of organic carbon.The pore structure has been found to be a strong condition for carbonaceous matters to absorb gold.The conclusion that destroying the pore structure can reduce the “preg-robbing” ability of carbonaceous matters further proves the view that carbonaceous matters with pore structure can adsorb the dissolved gold.The complexation between humic acid and metal ions also provides a reference for the “preg-robbing” theory of organic carbon.Some studies have found that carbonaceous matters affect gold leaching process not only by the “preg-robbing” ability，but also due to the surface coating of gold by carbonaceous mattes in the grinding process，which seriously affects gold leaching.There are great differences in the ability of carbonaceous matters to absorb gold from different ores，which are mainly reflected in the different carbonaceous matters species，maturity grade and grinding fineness.These conclusions are of great significance to the study of carbonaceous matters.As a result，this paper summarizes and analyzes the classical theory and latest researches on the material composition，“preg-robbing” mechanism of carbonaceous matters and influence factors of “preg-robbing” ability in the carbonaceous gold ores，points out the research directions of “preg-robbing” mechanism，and provides an important reference for the selection of pretreatment technology of carbonaceous gold ores.

Baizhangzi gold deposit is a typical magmatic hydrothermal deposit in the gold metallogenic belt of eastern Hebei and western Liaoning in China，and the orebody occurs in granite.After years of continuous mining，the amount of retained resources in the mine has gradually decreased.Therefore， it is of great significance to systematically carry out the research on the ore-controlling law in the mining area for the rational arrangement of prospecting projects and the increase of mine resource reserves.By summarizing the metallogenic geological conditions of Baizhangzi gold deposit and combining with the field geological survey，it is considered that the gold orebody in the mining area is mainly controlled by the combination of Baizhangzi rock mass and structural system.Among them，the primary joint-superimposed fracture inside the rock mass and the fracture outside the rock mass jointly control the vein orebody.The gold mineralization at the intersection of NE-trending and NEE-trending ore-bearing structure group is more developed，and it is easy to form altered rock type thick orebodies.Through comprehensive research，the metallogenic model of the mining area is established.It is considered that the metallogenic geological body of the Baizhangzi gold deposit is deep concealed rock mass，it is speculated that there may be porphyry orebodies in the depth of the mining area. The new quartz vein type orebody was found in the shallow part of Miaojingou in the southwest of the mining area，it suggests that there are quartz vein type and alter rock type orebodies similar to the those in the Baizhangzi rock mass in the depth.

In order to solve the deep prospecting problem of Jidongwan mining area in Luocheng County，Guangxi，the geo-electrochemical extraction method was carried out to explore concealed tin-copper polymetallic deposits.It is found that the geo-electrochemical extraction anomaly，shown above the known orebody profile，exists a high correspondence with the orebody，which can better reflect the concealed tin-copper orebody.It means that the geo-electrochemical extraction method is feasible to find tin-copper polymetallic deposits in the Jidongwan mining area，and it has good effectiveness and adaptability. The factor analysis of the geo-electrochemical extraction element data in the study area was conducted.The results show that the elements can be classified into four elemental assemblages，namely，F1（Cu-Ni-Co-Pb-Zn），F2（Ag-Bi），F3（W-Sn） and F4（B）.According to the spatial distribution pattern of single elements and elemental assemblages anomalies extracted by the geo-electrochemical approach，it can be seen that each element has a high anomalous definition，intensity，and good continuity.Besides，the elemental assemblages are anomalously well-nested and clearly zoned.Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of the geoelectric extraction elements and the combined element anomalies in the Jidongwan mining area，according to the size，intensity，morphological characteristics and the degree of agreement between the anomalies，combined with the geological location and geological characteristics and other factors， two A type target areas（A-1，A-2） and two B type target areas（B-1，B-2）are delineated in the study area.It is believed that the study area has favorable ore-forming geological conditions，which is a favorable location for searching for concealed tin-copper polymetallic orebodies，and has great prospecting potential.

In recent years，many types of gold deposits have been found in Wangjiaping-Shangnan area，Shaanxi Province.Due to the lack of detailed antomy of the typical deposits in the region，and insufficient understanding of the ore-controlling factors，occurrence regularity，and genesis of the regional gold deposits，the metallogenic regularity and propecting direction in the region are not clear，which restricts the propecting breakthrough in this area.On the basis of investigating the regional geological structure background，the geological characteristics，ore-controlling factors and ore-bearing laws of typical gold deposits in Wangjiaping-Shangnan area were systematically sorted out.Combined with the characteristics of fluid inclusions in typical gold deposits，the spatial distribution characteristics，metallogenic conditions and the occurrence and mineralization patterns of gold deposits（points）in the area were summarized.The results show that the gold deposits（points） in the area are controlled by the nearly EW-trending Shanyang-Fengzhen fault，Zhen’an Banyanzhen fault，or their secondary fault belts.They are developed in the interlayer faults of specific strata and controlled by dual factors of faults and strata，the gold deposits（spots）in the area are generally enriched in the nearly EW-trending zonal segmentation.The gold orebodies in different sections are controlled by different forms of faults and overall lenticular output.According to the metallogenic characteristics，ore-controlling factors and metallogenic regularity of the mining area，the prospecting prediction model of gold deposits in the area was established，and five prospecting target areas were predicted in combination with the distribution range of strata，structures and geochemical anomalies，which provides new ideas and new directions for the next step of ore exploration work in the area.

Shitouding ore section of Caojiawa gold deposit is located at the footwall of Zhaoping fault belt in the northwestern Jiaodong gold concentration area.Field exploration and drilling found that this section has strong pyritic sericite alteration，which is the main symbol of ore-forming surrounding rocks in this area.It has good metallogenic prospects，but no breakthrough has been made in prospecting work.After carrying out 1∶10 000 soil geochemical survey，we used correlation analysis and R-type cluster analysis and other methods to study the distribution characteristics of element anomalies in the working area from the perspective of geostatistics.With previous geological data and current exploration situation，the anomalies were delineated and four target areas of H1~H4 were divided，all of which had good metallogenic prospects.Regarding the geochemical prediction and geophysical results，it is found that the variation coefficient of gold in H4 and H2 target areas was 0.976，and the average anomaly value was 4.9×10^-9~5.3×10^-9，which was consistent with the geophysical results.It is speculated that the anomaly is caused by ore.

Rare earth is a strategic and key metal mineral resource that promotes high-quality development of national economy and global economic restructuring. The Belt and Road Initiative provides major opportunities for rare earth trade among countries. Based on the trade data of rare earth related products along the Belt and Road from 2013 to 2019 in UN Comtrade， the network structure characteristics and evolution process of rare earth trade along the Belt and Road were explored from individual and overall levels by using complex network analysis method. At the individual level， the position and evolution trend of countries along the route in the rare earth trade network were explored based on the degree centrality， intermediate centrality， proximity centrality and point intensity of network nodes. At the overall level， the characteristics of network density， small-world network， and community structure were analyzed to explore the overall characteristics and evolution rules of network. The results show that： （1）From 2013 to 2019， the Rare earth trade network of the Belt and Road presents the characteristics of a “small world”， but the network density is low and the accessibility of the overall network structure is weak. （2）As an important participant in the Belt and Road rare earth trade， China has always played a core role in the trade network and has absolute influence and control over rare earth trade. （3）Due to industrial proximity， trade and transportation costs， cultural differences， countries with similar geographical locations have closer rare earth trade links.（4）The trade of rare earth terminal application products is the main aspect that affects the development of rare earth trade in the Belt and Road. Therefore， the research believes that the following measures can provide a basis for China’s rare earth trade strategy and policy formulation and the optimization of rare earth trade pattern. Firstly， strengthen infrastructure construction and reduce the impact of geographical location on the Belt and Road rare earth trade cooperation.Secondly， strengthen rare earth trade links among core countries in various regions to further consolidate China’s core position in the Belt and Road rare earth trade network.Thirdly， reduce rare earth trade barriers， improve the smooth flow of rare earth trade activities and the development of trade networks along the Belt and Road.Finally， expand rare earth trade cooperation partners and promote the diversification of rare earth trade market targets along the Belt and Road.

During the mining of underground mineral resources，the deep hard rock will be damaged by the frequent stress disturbances.Its internal pores and fissures will rapidly expand and penetrate under the state of high ground stress and high osmotic pressure，which seriously threatens the safety and stability of rock mass engineering.The damage degree D is defined by the ratio of axial stress σ to compressive strength σ_c.Pre-damaged rock samples with different damage degrees （0%，25%，40%，50%，65%，75%，100%） were prepared by uniaxial compression test.A series of stress-seepage coupling tests were carried out for 75% damaged granite.Combined with CT scanning，considering the influence of seepage pressure，confining pressure and damage degree，the mechanical and seepage characteristics of damaged rock under stress-seepage coupling was comprehensive analyzed.The research results show that with the increase of damage degree，the number and size of pore and fracture of rock sample increase significantly，and changes of the volume of pore and fracture of rock sample shows a trend of increase gently and increase steadily to increase sharply.Under the same confining pressure，the peak strength of the rock sample shows a linear decrease with the increase of osmotic pressure，the osmotic pressure has a significant weakening effect on the strength of damaged granite，and the degree of weakening is independent of the confining pressure.The permeability of pre-damaged rock samples is closely related to the volume of pores and fractures.The variation trend of permeability with damage percentage confirms the evolution law of pores in different development stages.The greater the degree of damage，the higher the degree of fracture development and the greater the permeability.At the same time，the permeability can be characterized by the degree of development of pores and fractures.With the same degree of fracture development，the greater the confining pressure，the smaller the permeability.

The resources of silver-bearing galena in China are large，but the comprehensive recovery of silver is lower. Mostly mining enterprises and scientific research institutes have conducted studies tending to optimization of technological process and reagent regulation. Although they have made a great deal of achievements，they could not dissolve completely the radical issues that the recovery of silver is low. Meanwhile，the effect of silver content on flotation performance of galena is less explored，which leads to be difficult for the concentrator to significantly improve silver recovery index，resulting in incomplete of resources utiliazation and resources waste.For this reason，this paper summarized the work done by predecessors in detail，such as the resource status of silver-bearing galena，the current flotation process of silver-bearing galena and the reagent system. At the same time，the effects of silver content on the flotation behavior of galena were summarized，such as the increase of the surface area of synthetic silver-bearing galena，the change of Zeta potential in the slurry during flotation process，the different adsorption amount of collector on the surface of galena，and the transformation of electrochemical characteristic peak，etc.. The mechanism of the effect of the silver content on the flotation behavior of galena were analyzed in detail from experimental to simulation，macroscopic to microscopic aspects，respectively. At the last，in view of the shortcomings of the current resource characteristics，technological process，reagent system and research mechanism，some reasonable suggestions are also put forward for the development of silver-bearing lead-zinc ore resources，such as exploring the technical scheme or technological process with high efficiency and low cost，developing unifying reagent of cost，efficiency，environmental protection，non-toxic and harmless and so on.

In the high temperature related disasters occurring in rock engineering，the effect of rapid cooling （thermal shock） can’t be ignored.Therefore，the study on mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of granite under different degrees of thermal shock can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the stability analysis of rock engineering after thermal shock disasters.In this experiment，the granite is heated to the target temperature （200 ℃，400 ℃，600 ℃）.According to the characteristics of low freezing point of calcium chloride solution，calcium chloride solution is used as refrigerant，and refrigerants of -20 ℃，20 ℃ and 60 ℃ are obtained by means of freezing and heating respectively，and thermocouple thermometer is used to ensure that the temperature of refrigerating liquid reached the set temperature.Use refrigerants （-20 ℃，20 ℃，60 ℃） for three different cooling rate of the high temperature granite processing，namely the three different levels of thermal shock.The physical properties of the samples are measured before and after heat treatment，including dry density，porosity and P wave velocity.In the end，mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of specimens is tested by Brazilian splitting test.The experimental results show that the dry density and P-wave velocity of heated granite samples decrease with the increase of cooling rate，while the porosity increases with the increase of cooling rate.These phenomena are related to the opening and expansion of pores and micro-cracks caused by thermal shock，that is，more violent thermal shock will cause more serious damage to granite.In addition，with the increase of heating temperature，the sensitivity of the physical properties of heated granite to the temperature change of refrigeration liquid decreases during the cooling process.In terms of fracture toughness，the fracture toughness of granite as a whole decreases significantly with the increase of heating temperature.In addition，at the same high temperature level，the mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of heated granite decreases linearly with the decrease of cooling liquid temperature，which is roughly the same as the change trend of physical properties of granite.The main causes of thermal shock damage are the non-uniform expansion and contraction of minerals inside the rock and the disharmony of deformation caused by the temperature gradient inside and outside the rock.The tensile stress generated by the temperature gradient inside and outside the rock is positively correlated with the temperature difference between granite and refrigerant.

Carbon-bearing gold ores account for more than 20% of the total gold deposits in China，so the treatment technology of carbon-bearing gold ores has been widely concerned.The flotation of carbon-bearing gold deposits mainly adopts the two following technologies，one is to remove carbon first then float the gold-bearing minerals，the other is to float carbon and gold-bearing minerals together.In the process of carbon removal，some gold is often lost in the carbon ore，resulting in a low total gold recovery.Therefore，it is of great significance to carry out the research on the direct flotation technology of carbon-bearing gold ores.The content of a carbon-containing fine-grained gold is 5.56×10^-6.The gold mainly exists as naked or half naked and silicate package gold，and the grain size of the gold inlay is uneven.Natural gold is closely related to fine-grained cryptocrystalline quartz and carbon，and most of them are wrapped in carbon-containing siliceous slate clastics as fine particles.The harmful element carbon in the ore is relatively high，the organic carbon and graphite content is 1.33% and 1.50% respectively，which is a typical carbon-containing refractory gold mine.In order to realize the pre-enrichment of this refractory carbon-bearing gold ore by flotation，different technological processes such as carbon flotation followed by flotation gold and direct flotation gold were investigated and the conditions of direct flotation were optimized.The results show that higher grade gold concentrate can be obtained by direct flotation.According to the condition optimization test，the gold concentrate with a gold grade of 30.01×10^-6 and a recovery rate of 76.18% can be obtained when the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm ac-counting for 85%.Its gold concentrate grade and recovery are both higher than the condition of grinding fineness is -0.074 mm accounted for 75%.The results also prove that the reason why the gold containing carbon is difficult to be treated is that the carbon and gold are closely related and belong to fine grain.By adjusting the structure of the technological process，the gold concentrate with 33.45×10^-6 gold grade and recovery of 79.93% can be obtained by adopting a coarse grinding flotation-sweep concentrate and then grinding flotation.Compared with the index of one-time grinding process with ginding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 85%，this pro-cess is better，and the reduction of grinding energy consumption is reduced，making it an appropriate treatment process for this ore.

The planation surface formation and its distribution have the characteristics of long-time span and wide distribution range， which is the basic content of geomorphology research.In order to discuss the relationship between the preservation of porphyry copper deposits after mineralization and the planation surface， based on geographic information system（GIS）platform，the paper extracted various geomorphic factors，such as the elevation，the slope and swath profile from digital elevation model（DEM）data，and then the elevation and distribution range of the planation surface were defined in the Zhongdian region.The Zhongdian region is located at the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.In this paper，DEM data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration（NASA） were used to calculate the slope value of 0°~61° in Zhongdian region by GIS technology platform，and the areas with low slope value（0°~10°）were reclassified.Meanwhile，the profile elevation of the Zhongdian region is accurately depicted by using the strip profile，and then the elevation values of the planation surface （+4 100~+4 400 m and +3 100~+3 300 m） and the topographic relief were visually displayed，indicating the distribution height of the planation surface in Zhongdian region.In this study，the thermal history of the typical porphyry（such as Xuejiping complex）was simulated，and the cooling and denudation history of the complex were reconstructed，and the cooling curve were obtained.The results show that the slope distribution in Zhongdian region was concentrated in two planation surfaces between 0° and 10°，revealing the characteristics of the high elevation and low topography.The Xuejiping complex experienced a prolonged slow cooling from the Upper Cretaceous to Late Miocene（<1 ℃/Ma），and the denudation extremely low（500~950 m），reflecting the tectonic quiet period.The process suggests that the planation surface was formed earlier than Late Cretaceous and finally in the Miocene.Combined with the former research results，the widely distributed planation surface in Zhongdian area provides favorable paleogeomorphologic conditions for the preservation of Late Triassic porphyry deposits.As the same time，the cooling history of porphyry deposits also describes the formation process of planation surface，and there is a certain coupling relationship.The existence of planation surface in Zhongdian region not only directly provides geomorphological evidence of surface uplift，but also further supports the stepwise uplift geodynamic model of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.

Under certain conditions，such as the drilling surrounding rock cooled by drilling fluid in geothermal development，the surrounding rock rapid cooled in the process of extinguishing the fire，rock in rock mass engineering will experience rapid temperature change（thermal shock）.Therefore the study of thermal shock in rocks is of great significance for stability analysis of rock structure affected by thermal shock.Granite specimens were heated to the high temperatures of 200 ℃，400 ℃ and 600 ℃，and then cooled by three methods of water cooling，air cooling and cooling in the stove.The physical properties such as dry density，P-wave velocity，porosity of granite after distinctive thermal shock were measured.The dry density and porosity were measured with buoyancy techniques.The P-wave velocity was measured by a non-destructive ultrasonic detector.As the heating level and cooling rate rise，the dry density and P-wave velocity present a descending trend，and the porosity presents an ascending trend.The damage degree of granite increases with the increase of heating temperature and cooling rate.The dynamic tensile tests were performed on the specimens after distinctive thermal shock treatment utilizing the split Hopkinson pressure bar system.The dynamic tensile strength of granite heated at 600 ℃ is less than that of granite heated at 400 ℃ and 200 ℃，and the dynamic tensile strength of water-cooled granite is less than that of air-cooled and stove-cooled granite.The damage degree of the granite caused by thermal shock was analyzed by the crack morphology of the specimens recorded by high-speed photography during the tensile failure and the morphology of the broken pieces after failure.The results show that the damage degree of granite increases with the increase of heating level and cooling rate.Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was used to identify the microcosmic damage and fracture characteristics of granite caused by thermal shock.There are two kinds of characteristic fracture morphology of thermal shock were observed on the specimens after heated at 400 ℃ and 600 ℃ （both air-cooled and water-cooled conditions）.However，neither fracture morphology can be found at 200 ℃ （including 3 kinds of cooling conditions）.Therefore，there is no thermal shock at 200 ℃；When the heating level reaches 400 ℃，the granite is damaged by high temperature and thermal shock.When the heating level reaches 600 ℃，the granite is badly damaged.And the damage degree of granite increases with the increase of heating temperature and cooling rate.This study can provide theoretical basis for the analysis of thermal shock damage and the evaluation of rock mass stability after high temperature disaster in practical engineering.

With the widely application of CAD and various mining softwares，new problems have arisen in mine production technology management and teamwork.Most mines now have accumulated data with TB magnitude and all kinds of data are not effectively digitized，which bring difficulties to information search and limite the flowing and sharing of data.In addition，with the continuous acceleration of mine informatization and intelligentization，many mining enterprises have gradually established various systems.Data between different systems is not fully and efficiently utilized.In the process of production management，data between each operation and technical link need to be submitted，sorted，summarized and approved manually，which result in low efficiency of technical cooperation.By analyzing the status of mine production technology，the concept of mining production technology collaboration was put forward.The key problems to be solved in mine production technology collaboration were clarified，and the system structure，main functions and construction value of mine production technology collaboration platform were expounded in detail.Mine production technology collabora-tion platform provides functions such as work flow，to-do list prompting，data submitting and updating，online previewing and approving.The platform have been successfully applied in an underground copper mine in Xinjiang，which contains 133 standardization of business data and 39 normalization of business processes.After the platform came into effect，business data was stored and accessed from data center.Business approval was transformed from manual to process-driven，and the data preparation time of technical personnel before processing business was greatly reduced.It made efficiently flowing and sharing of mine production technical data came true，and improved technical management and teamwork efficiency，and as a bridge to realize the seamless docking and deep integration between mining tool software，production execution system and 3D visualization control system.It can provide a reference for full life cycle business process collaboration，big data analysis and intelligent control system construction.

Conventional geochemical sampling medium does not contain deep deposit information，and the remote sensing information is only the characteristics of surface images，which is difficult to identify deep deposit information.Geophysical information can well reflect the information of deep deposit and it is the best information choice for deep metallogenic prediction.However，the interpretation of geophysical information are multi-resolution，which has always seriously affected the accuracy and accuracy of deep prospecting target prediction.Big data is triggering a profound revolution in the field of Geoscience.New methods and technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence represented by statistical analysis methods and machine learning algorithms have been gradually applied to metallogenic prediction and achieved good prediction results.The Western Qinling area of Gansu Province is an important polymetallic metallogenic accumulation area in China，which has accumulated rich geological data.It is of great significance to carry out quantitative prediction of gold prospecting target by deep mining geological data with big data method for gold exploration and expansion of gold reserves in Western Qinling area of Gansu Province.In order to eliminate the multi solution of geophysical information and improve the prediction accuracy of deep prospecting target，big data ideas and methods were applied to deep mining of aeromagnetic data from Daqiao area in west Qinling of Gansu Province，and established the aeromagnetic database，the aeromagnetic information research unit database and the known ore unit database respectively.Through the discriminant analysis of aeromagnetic database and known ore unit database，a series of quantitative prediction models of prospecting target were constructed，and deep prospecting targets were delineated，combined with geological and mineral information to optimize the grade prospecting targets.A total of 31 gold prospecting targets have been delineated in the study area，including 6 Class Ⅰ targets （seeing ore rate 16.9%），10 Class Ⅱ ore targets （seeing mine rate 31.32%） and 15 Class Ⅲ targets （seeing ore rate 20%）.Gold industrial ore bodies have been found in the prospecting target in the overburden area.The cumulative area of the target accounts for 2.4% of the area of the study area，which greatly reduces the scope of prospecting.The study believes that the series of quantitative prediction models for prospecting targets established based on aeromagnetic information have high accuracy in determining prospecting targets for Daqiao-type gold deposits in the study area.It provides a new idea and method for the metallogenic prediction of deep and concealed deposit.

Refractory gold ores resources is widely distributed in the Gansu Province，Qinghai Province and Guizhou Province of China.There is usually a high gold content in these refractory gold ores，but the refractory gold ore contains generally a certain amount of Sb-bearing，As-bearing and C-bearing minerals，which is the important factor effecting the recovery of gold from the refractory gold ores.In recent years，more attention was paid to how to improve the recovery of gold from the refractory.During the development and utilization of the refractory gold ore，the research of mineralogy plays an important role in investigating the occurrence state of gold in ores and the factor effecting the recovery of gold. In addition，mineralogy is still a key parameter to determine the reasonable processing technology. In this paper，the mineralogy of a refractory gold ore from Qinghai Province of China was investigated，which contains Au 5.2×10^-6，S 1.82%，As 1.01%，Sb 0.73% and Fe 4.19% respectively. The recovery of gold by the cyanide leaching is less than 50% in laboratory scale.To find the reason for the low recovery of gold by cyanide leaching and the occurrence state of gold and Au-bearing in ores，the processing mineralogy of the refractory ore was investigated by a method combining the X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM-EDS） with the optical microscope.Results from the processing mineralogy indicat that there are three occurrence state of gold in this refractory ore，there are the natural gold，the gold enclosed in sulfide minerals and the gold enclosed in gangue minerals.The natural gold with the percentage of 42.87% in total gold is mainly distributed in the interface between stibnite，arsenopyrite and quartz，and the natural gold is easily recovered due to the coarse dissemination particle size.The gold enclosed in sulfide minerals is 46.83% with Au content of 2.43×10^-6.In this refractory gold ore，most of gold was enclosed in sulfide minerals such as stibnite，arsenopyrite and pyrite in the formation of microscopic or submicroscopic gold，which is difficult to recovery by cyanide leaching due to the fine dissemination particle size.The gold enclosed in sulfide mineral cannot contact with the leaching reagents，which is the primary reason for the low recovery of gold with the cyanide leaching.In addition，a part of gold in ores with the percentage of 10.3% is distributed in gangue minerals such as quartz，feldspar and calcite in the formation of micro-inclusion.Basis on the study of the occurrence state of gold and the characteristics of the intercalation relationship of the main gold-bearing minerals，the main mineralogical factors affecting the recovery of gold in the ore were discussed.In view of the low proportion of natural gold in the refractory gold ore and the high content of gold encapsulated in sulfide minerals，the reasonable beneficiation process of “rough grinding-centrifugal gravity separation-fine grinding-flotation-floating tail cyanide leaching” was proposed to strengthen the recovery of coarse-grained natural gold and sulfide mineral-coated gold in the ore.Laboratory studies have shown that this process can achieve high-efficiency recovery of gold in the refractory gold mine.The results provide an important reference with the comprehensive utilization of the refractory gold ores.

Three-dimensional geological modeling can be divided into traditional wireframe modeling and implicit modeling.Compared with traditional wireframe modeling，implicit modeling method does not require a large number of human-computer interactions，and has the advantages of high model quality，repeatable process and fast local dynamic update speed.After years of research，various interpolation methods for implicit modeling have been developed，but the constraint data required for implicit modeling interpolation requires a lot of preprocessing，for a wide range of geological modeling work，manual processing of interpolation constraint data requires a lot of time and energy for geologists，and the operation of geological modeling based on manual processing is semi-automatic implicit modeling.In order to improve the automation degree of geologic body implicit modeling method，we proposed a method of automatic extraction and quantification of formation characteristic parameters based on borehole data，which can take into account the global occurrence characteristics of stratum and the local occurrence trend of borehole，and be used to construct interpolation constraints that control the geometry of different geological interfaces.This method analyzes the original geological drilling data，automatically extracts the occurrence of the formation to characterize the global interpolation trend of the formation，and then uses the local ellipsoid search to construct the neighborhood drilling group，extracts the field boundary point set according to different search strategies，and finally calculates the local occurrence parameters to construct local interpolation trends.Based on the above ideas，combined with the implicit modeling method of geological bodies considering the constraints of stratigraphic sequence，a complete geological body model that conforms to stratigraphic characteristics and satisfies the laws of stratigraphic sequence was constructed.The data extracted by this method were used to construct a single geological model of a uranium deposit in Xinjiang using the potential field method and the HRBF method，after that，a comprehensive model of complex shapes was constructed with full consideration of the constraints of geological rules.Comparison of the geometric form of a single model built by the two interpolation methods and the comparison of the exploration line profile of the overall model，the research results show that the new method takes into account the geological rules and constraints，can simulate sedimentary strata and intrusions strata well，and the model has good accuracy and conforms to the cognitive rules of geologists.

Bilihe gold deposit is a large low-temperature hydrothermal and porphyry gold metallogenic system in the northern margin of North China Craton，which is hosted in internal and external contact zone of granodiorite and surrounding pyroclastic rock.The mining area has appeared a sharp drop of resource reserves due to continuous mining work.In order to ensure the sustainable development of the mine and improve the utilization rate of gold ore resources，there has arisen a critical necessity to strengthen geochemical exploration of deepand peripheral resources in the mining area.The primary halo prospecting method directly takes rocks or ores as the research target，which is considered to be the most direct and effective deep prospecting method at present and has achieved good results in the exploration of gold deposits.This paper take the mining No.2 ore belt as the research taget and analyze various elements such as Au，Ag，Cu，Pb，W，Mo，Bi，As，Sb，Hg of the primary halo of boreholes.The characteristics of element content，element association and spatial distribution of primary halo in three boreholes of No.2 ore belt in Bilihe mining area have been studied to find effective geochemical prospecting indicators.The results show that the main indicator elements of gold mineralization in Bilihe mining area are Au，W，Mo，As，Sb and Hg.There are two groups of gold metallogenic indicator element associations in Bilihe mining area，namely，Au-W-Mo high-temperature element association and Au-As-Sb-Hg low-temperature element association.Au-W-Mo element association indicates high-grade gold mineralization，strong gold mineralization activity and large metallogenic scale，which can be used as the main prospecting indicator for high-temperature porphyry gold deposits in the mining area.Au-As-Sb-Hg element association indicate low-grade gold mineralization，relatively weak gold mineralization activity and limited metallogenic scale，which can be used as the main prospecting indicator for vein-type low-temperature hydrothermal gold deposits in the mining area.Weak gold mineralization information can be obtained by applying 10×10^-9 gold content as the lower limit of primary halo anomaly of gold deposits.The distribution range of gold mineralization can be accurately determined by applying 100×10^-9 gold content as the inner zone of primary halo anomaly of gold deposits.The inner anomaly range of primary halo delineated by this method is much larger than the distribution range of gold orebodies.Therefore，Using primary halo prospecting method for deep prediction and evaluation can effectively enlarge weak information of gold mineralization.

It is of great significance to investigate the penetration effect of high strength projectile on rock mass for the development of rock breaking technology in mine drilling.The penetration process is a process with large deformation of material.It is difficult for traditional finite element method to solve the problem with large deformation，which will lead to mesh distortion and calculation disruption.In order to obtain the damage responses of white granite under the condition of high speed penetration，the HJC material model was employed to model the white granite target and the projectile was assumed to be rigid.The HJC model was calibrated by the SHPB test data and the results show that the HJC model is capable to model the mechanical behavior of white granite under high strain rate conditions.The nonlinear finite element analysis software LS-DYNA was utilized and an SPH-FEM coupled method was developed to overcome the penetration problem with large deformation of granite target.A series of numerical simulation of projectile impacting white granite target with different velocity were carried out.The projectile is with diameter of 20 mm，CRH of 3 and length-diameter ratio of 6.The simulation results show that the SPH-FEM method can effectively simulate the mechanical damage response of rock target subjected to high speed impact.Based on the relationship between different impact velocities and penetration depth，an empirical formula for penetration depth of white granite is obtained，which can be used to predict the penetration depth of rock mass with similar strength.Finally，the effects of different nose shapes on penetration performance was studied. The results show that the penetration performance of flat-nose projectile is much lower than that of ogive-nose projectile，and the penetration damage area is smaller.The penetration depths of flat-nose projectile at initial velocity of 50，100，150，200，250 and 300 m/s are 16.7%，27.8%，35.1%，32.1%，36.1%，40.5% of the penetration depths of ogive-nose projectile，respectively.

The unconventional failure phenomenon of rocks，such as slabbing and rock burst，occur frequently in deep engineering，which bring huge financial loss and casualties.The occurring mechanism of the un-conventional failure is still unclear，and the stress state and levels of rocks is the main factors inducing unconventional failure.The surrounding rocks of deep engineering is under a one-dimensional，two-dimensional or three-dimensional stress conditions，corresponding to the stress state of the rock specimen in the uniaxial，biaxial or true triaxial compression tests，respectively.In this study，the uniaxial，biaxial or true triaxial compression tests were carried out to reveal the occurring terms of the unconventional failure of rocks.The isolated ore pillars left after room-pillar mining are usually under one-dimensional compressive stress.Through uniaxial compression tests of rock specimens with different height-width ratios and width-thickness ratios，it is found that the strength of rock specimen exhibits obvious characteristics of non-linear changes as the height and width of rock specimen increase.As the thickness increases，the uniaxial compressive strength increases.As the height increases，the uniaxial compressive strength tends to increase first and then decrease.This is mainly related to the slabbing failure of the dwarf and thin rock specimens.Combining the uniaxial compression test of cuboid rock specimens and the reduction of rock mass mechanical parameters，the safety evaluation of the isolated pillars can be conducted.Based on the fact that the surrounding rocks of underground engineering are often under a two-dimensional stress state，and the fact that rocks far away from the boundaries of underground engineering are often under a three-dimensional stress state，the biaxial compression and true triaxial compression tests of cubic rock specimens have been carried out.The rock strength in biaxial or true triaxial test shows obvious intermediate principal stress effect.Under the same minimum principal stress，the biaxial compressive strength and true-triaxial compressive strength of rocks increases first and then decreases with the increase of the intermediate principal stress，and the change rate of biaxial compressive strength decreases firstly and then shows a little increase.An exponential rock strength criterion was constructed by defining the strength increment parameter ν and the intermediate principal stress position parameter λ.It is considered that low confining pressure limitation，asymmetric confining pressure limitation and short crack propagation path are the main terms for unconventional failures of rocks under multi-dimensional stress conditions.

The application of power plant ash to mine goaf filling can enrich aggregate source and consume a large amount of solid waste，which has important social benefits.Power plant ash mainly refers to the ash produced by coal-fired power generation，which is a kind of bulk solid waste with the characteristics of large discharge and low utilization rate.The properties of ash produced by different types of power plants are very different，but they generally have certain pozzolanic activity and gelation characteristics，so they are good filling materials.In order to explore the influence of different ash residues on the strength of the filling body，fluidized bed bottom slag，fluidized bed fly ash and fly ash were mixed with different ratios as filling aggregate，ordinary silicate cement was used as cementation material，and add water to prepare paste material，then fluidity test and compressive strength test were carried out.The results show that：（1）The fluidized bed ash contains some cementation components，the fly ash has the water-reduction effect and the pozzolanic activity，both of which are good downhole filling materials.（2）When the moisture content of paste material exceeds its critical moisture content，the fluidity will be greatly improved，which will also lead to segregation and dehydration of the filling material，then reduce the strength of the filling body.（3） When the ratio of fluidized bed bottom slag，fluidized bed fly ash and fly ash is 6∶2∶1，cement content is 10%，the slurry concentration is 73%，the slump is 20 cm，and the 28 d strength of the filling body can reach 3.3 MPa.This ratio not only meets the requirements of slurry fluidity and backfill strength，but also greatly reduces the filling cost.（4）Taking the above ratio as the control group，the grading optimization experiment was carried out.The undisturbed bottom slag was broken，then the fine particles with different particle sizes and proportions were used as fine aggregate to replace the undisturbed bottom slag.When the particle size of the broken bottom slag less than or equal to 5 mm and the replacement rate is 10%~15%，the strength of filling body reaches 2.4 MPa on 7 day and 3.5 MPa on 28 day，and the strength is significantly improved.The experimental study of the paste filling material prepared from the ash residue of power plant with a specific ratio provides data support and theoretical basis for engineering application，which is of economic value and environmental protection significance.

The Xiling mining area in Sanshandao gold mine is the first coastal metal mining area in China.Therefore，it is of great significance for coastal rock engineering excavation design and disaster control to study the effect of the buried depth on in-situ stress，rock mechanical properties and their relationship.For this purpose，the standard rock specimen at 5 different buried depths ranging from 300 m to 1 900 m were taken from the three geological drilling in this mining area，namely ZK88-21，ZK88-14 and ZK94-2.With the aid of MTS815，the mechanical parameters and acoustic emission Kaiser point in different directions of rock at different buried depths were tested，and the mechanical properties and in-situ stress of rocks were further obtained.On this basis，the in-situ stress，rock mechanics parameters and their interrelationships at different buried depths were analyzed.The results show that the mechanics parameters，self-weight stress，vertical stress，maximum horizontal stress and minimum horizontal stress have a logarithmic relationship with the buried depth，and the increase amplitude of vertical stress is gradually smaller than that of the self-weight stress with the increase of the buried depth.Similarly，the rock mechanics parameters are roughly logarithmic to the in-situ stress.Among them，the effect of the maximum horizontal stress on the rock mechanical parameters is greater than that of the minimum principal stress.In addition，the effect of buried depth on the tensile strength is greater than its effect on the compressive strength.

In order to explore the damage characteristics and crack evolution law of fractured rock mass under the combined influence of opening and cyclic loading and unloading of different stress levels，four kinds of single fractured rock materials with different opening （0.1，0.2，0.4，0.8 mm） were prepared by cement mortar，and three kinds of cyclic stress loading tests were carried out on rock-like materials based on RMT-150B rock mechanics testing machine.The characteristics of stress-strain curves，hysteretic loop area，dynamic elastic modulus and damage of fractured rock materials were analyzed.The test results show that the three kinds of stress cyclic loading roughly correspond to the three stages of pore compaction，elastic deformation and stable propagation of microcracks，and the peak strength of rock-like materials decreases with the increase of cyclic stress grade，the phenomenon of strength weakening occurs，and the hysteresis loop changes from “dense” to “sparse” at the beginning.Under the condition of the same stress level，with the increase of the number of cycles，the hysteresis loop area decreases sharply at first and then tends to be stable.In addition，there is an obvious difference in the decrease of the hysteresis loop area with different crack openings，the smaller the crack opening is，the smaller decrease of the hysteresis loop area is.Under the same number of cycles，the hysteresis loop area increases with the increase of crack opening and cyclic stress grade，and in the same cyclic stress grade and crack opening，the dynamic elastic modulus increases sharply at first and then tends to a stable value with the increase of the number of cycles.When the cyclic stress level and cyclic times are the same，the dynamic elastic modulus of rock-like materials decreases with the increase of crack opening.Under the same crack opening and cycle times，the dynamic elastic modulus increases at first and then decreases with the increase of cyclic stress grade，and with the increase of stress cycle grade and cycle times，the damage variable of rock-like materials shows the trend of decreasing first，then slow growth and then sharp increase，corresponding to the change law of the transition of hysteretic loop from “dense” to “sparse”.And the crack evolution of rock-like materials is different in different cyclic stress levels.

The downward layered approach cemented filling mining method was selected in Jinchuan nickel deposit，but there is a problem of high filling cost and low production capacity.In order to reduce the cost of filling mining，the industrial filling test of waste rock and tailing mixed aggregate was carried out based on a large number of laboratory studies.Firstly，the particle size analysis and grading study of the -16 mm waste rock coarse aggregate and dressing tailings fine aggregate were carried out.The results show that the diameters of the two kinds of aggregate belong to filling aggregate with discontinuous distribution and poor gradation.According to the different ratios of the two kinds of aggregate，the compactness test of the mixed aggregate was carried out，and the relationship curve between the ratio of waste rock tailings of the mixed aggregate and the compactness was established，so as to determine the optimal ratio of the mixed aggregate when the compactness reached the maximum.The research results show that when the ratio of -16 mm waste rock and dressing tailings is within the range of 7∶3 to 5∶5，the density of mixed aggregate accumulation reaches or approaches the maximum，and the corresponding ratio of mixed aggregate particle size is continuously graded.Then，the industrial filling test was carried out for the mixed aggregate with the ratio of waste rock and tailing of 6∶4 and 5∶5，thus obtaining the strength of the cemented backfill with the mixed aggregate of the two ratios.The test results show that when the cement content is 260 kg/m³，the strength of cemented backfill of the two kinds of mixed aggregate meets the strength requirements of cemented backfill in the downward layered approach and cemented filling mining method in Jinchuan mine，and the strength of the mixed aggregate cementing backfill in the ratio of 6∶4 is higher than that of the mixed aggregate cementing backfill in the ratio of 5∶5.According to the observation on the fracture surface of the cementing backfill test block，when a single stage of mixing is used，there are uneven mixing of the mixed aggregate filler slurry and agglomeration of cement and tailings，resulting in poor homogeneity of the cemented filler and low overall stability.So for the waste rock-tailing mixed aggregate filling slurry，it is recommended to use two-stage activated stirring，which can not only improve the overall quality of the filling body，but also improve the fluidity of the filling slurry，which is conducive to the pipeline self-flow transportation of the filling slurry.It is also found in the industrial filling test that the precise ratio of slurry of mixed aggrgate is another important factor affecting the quality of cemented backfill and slurry pipe transport characteristics.Therefore，improving the ratio of waste tailing aggregate and adding amount of cement and water is an important factor to realize the safe and reliable application of waste tailing mixed aggregate in filling mining.

The factors such as stress conditions，ore-rock properties and breakage parameters significantly affect the cutting characteristics of deep hard rock，which are also the key factors to determine the successful application of non-explosive mechanized mining. According to the three types of stress conditions of biaxial （single-face excavation），uniaxial （pillar） and low or even unconfined stress （excavation damage zone around pillar） on the rock mass near the mining operation surface，the influences of the above three types of stress conditions on the static and coupled static-dynamic rock breakage characteristics using a conical pick were systematically investigated. Combined with the established peak force theory and regression model of rock fragmentation using a conical pick，it is found that the hard rock has safe and efficient breakage performance under the conditions of low or no confining pressure. According to the process and mechanism of rock burst induced by the disturbance of rock fragmentation using conical pick under high uniaxial confining stress，the mechanism of rock burst induced by mining disturbance in high stress pillar was revealed. The effects of artificially induced defects，such as loading/unloading-induced damage，pre-slitting and pre-drilling，on rock breakage characteristics using a conical pick were investigated. The results show that the artificially induced defects can effectively improve the cuttability of hard rock，and a complete set of methods for improving the cuttability of hard rock were obtained. A variety of mechanized methods for rock breakage have been tested in the mining field，and a rotary vibration continuous cutting equipment based on pre-slitting in hard ore-rock for stress relief and usage of coupled static-dynamic rock breakage have been proposed. The above research results can provide theoretical basis and field practice experience for the large-scale non-explosive mechanized mining in deep hard rock mine.

With the development of underground engineering construction to the deeper earth，high ground stress has become a key factor affecting the stability of deep roadway surrounding rock.Under the action of high in-situ stress，the mechanical behavior characteristics and microstructure of deep rock mass change significantly compared with shallow rock mass，which is the cause of frequent mining accidents in deep underground engineering，and also the research focus in the field of rock mechanics.Taking Jinchuan No.2 mining area，a typical high in-situ stress mining area，as the background，this paper summarizes the in-situ stress distribution characteristics of the study area according to the previous measured data.On this basis，the discrete element numerical simulation method was used to calibrate the rock mechanical parameters based on the laboratory test of rock samples in the study area，and the tunnel models under three different in-situ stress conditions were established.According to the simulation results，the development process of roadway surrounding rock deformation under different conditions was described，the deformation failure characteristics of roadway in each model were compared，the influence of ground stress on roadway deformation failure was analyzed，and the corresponding control methods were proposed.The main conclusions of the study include：（1）Due to the influence of complex geological background，the distribution of ground stress in Jinchuan No.2 mining area is highly discrete.In the measured data，there are more than 80% of the measure points show that maximum horizontal principal stress is greater than the vertical principal stress，and the stress of primary rock is mostly horizontal.In shallow mining areas，the growth rate of horizontal stress is greater than that of vertical stress.With the increase of buried depth，the increment speed of horizontal stress gradually decreases，and the vertical principal stress gradually approaches the maximum horizontal principal stress.（2）Without the influence of structural planes，the deformation mode of homogeneous surrounding rock roadway is mainly roof subsidence and floor heave，and the deformation is mainly dependent on plastic flow.With the continuous increasing of in-situ stress，the total deformation and deformation velocity of roadway are increasing.Ground stress does not change the deformation mode of roadway surrounding rock，but intensifies its failure degree.（3）When roadway excavation is carried out under geological conditions dominated by horizontal ground stress，support of roof and floor should be adopted to maintain the overall stability of roadway.In addition，because of the significant time effect of plastic deformation，the cracking caused by the compression of roadway lining also has a certain lag.Thus，the deformation of roadway should be regularly monitored in the construction in case of the dangerous deformation.The research results can provide theoretical reference for safe and efficient deep mining in Jinchuan No.2 mining area.

The use of filling method for underground mining is not only conducive to safe mining and prevent surface subsidence，but also can reduce environmental pollution caused by mining，which meets the national requirements for green mine construction. To obtain an economical filling material that is easy to tansport and meet the mine filling demand， optimising the proportioning of filling materials， which is of great significant to the success of underground mining with infill mining methods.In order to obtain the optimal ratio of full tailings paste filling in a new lead-zinc mine， the orthogonal combination ratio test was designed based on the ash sand ratio and slurry mass concentration.The particle content of the whole tailings less than 20 μm used in the test is 37.26%，which can be used for the preparation of full-tailing paste paste. According to the two-factor four-level orthogonal design experiment，the whole tailings paste slurry and filling body with different ash-sand ratio and slurry mass concentration were prepared.The experiment measured the collapse of different comparison of the total tail capabilizer slurry，consistency，hierarchical degree，and uniaxial compressive strength，elastic modulus，cohesive，and poisson ratio of filling.By analyzing the relationship between the slurry flow performance parameters and the slurry mass concentration and the lime-sand ratio，it was found that the slurry with a slurry mass concentration of 75% to 79% meet the requirements of gravity transportation.The range analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out on the strength parameters of the backfill，and the sensitivity of the four strength parameters to the “two factors” was discussed.The results show that：Among the two influencing factors of slurry mass concentration and lime-sand ratio，the influence of slurry mass concentration on slump takes the main role，followed by the lime-sand ratio；The strength sensitivity of backfill will increase with the increase of two influencing factors，the strength of filling body is more sensitive to the ratio of lime to sand and less sensitive to the mass concentration of slurry；The optimal proportion of the whole tailings paste is 13% of the cement dosage and 77% of the filling slurry concentration.At this time，the amount of total tailings，cement and water account for 68.14%，8.86% and 23% of the required total tailings paste，respectively.The compressive strength，elastic modulus and collapse degree of the composite after 28 days of curing age are 2.6279 MPa，205.2 MPa and 23.7 cm respectively.The experiment provides the mine with the optimal proportion scheme of full tailings paste filling，which is economical and reasonable，quickly meets the strength requirements and conductive to pipeline transportation.

With the improvement of mineral processing technology，the amount of tailings in storage is increasing year by year，and the particle size of tailings is getting finer and finer.However，such tailings have poor permeability，good water holding performance，long consolidation time and low mechanical strength.Such tailings often have problems such as difficult drainage，slow deposition and poor stability in the process of dam-filling.In the complex climate and geographical environment，rainfall infiltration，water evaporation，repeated rise and fall of saturation line （that is，under the condition of dry-wet cycle），earthquake and so on will be encountered.These factors can not be ignored for the settlement of fine tailings pond.In order to help calculate the settlement distance of tailings deposit and guide ore drawing and tailings dam construction，the influence of dry-wet cycle and moisture content on the compression consolidation characteristics of tailings of a metal tailings pond in Hunan Province was studied.The tailings with water content of 10%，12%，14%，16% and 18% were subjected to 0~5 times of dehumidification-moisture absorption-dehumidification tests respectively，and rapid consolidation tests were carried out on the samples with the help of GZQ-1 automatic high-pressure consolidation instrument.The results show that：（1）Under the same conditions，the void ratio decreases with the increase of pressure.Without the dry-wet cycle，the void ratio of the sample at the optimum moisture content is the smallest，and the void ratio of natural moisture content，optimum moisture content and saturated moisture content changes in a U-shaped curve in turn.After the dry-wet cycle，the volume of tailings sample expands slightly，and the internal water-gas channel changes.After graded loading，the internal particles fill the pores，and finally the structure tends to be stable.（2）Under the same number of cycles，the compression coefficient increases with the increase of water content， Under the same moisture content，the compression coefficient changes in a “Λ” shape with the increase of the number of dry-wet cycles.The number of dry-wet cycles and moisture content can increase the compactness of tailings and reduce the compression coefficient by changing the bonding effect and capillary water pressure of tailings cement.（3）Without drying-wetting cycle，the con-solidation coefficient first rises and then decreases with the increase of water content. At the same moisture content，the change of consolidation coefficient is approximately M-shaped with the increase of the number of dry-wet cycles.The stress in the early cycle process is mainly dominated by capillary water pressure.When the particles move stably and the pore structure of tailings is fully developed，the stress is dominated by cohesive force and friction force.Through the above three points，we can understand the stress characteristics of tailings sand consolidation process，assist in calculating the settlement distance of tailings accumulation，and guide ore drawing and sub-dam construction.Monitoring the environmental temperature and precipitation，controlling the water content of tailings and the accumulation period of tailings can improve the economic benefit and stability of tailings dam.

In order to improve the efficiency of VR training for non-coal mine roof fall，based on Unity3D，3DMax and Visual Studio 2019 software，a mine roof fall accident teaching and training platform has been developed including three modules：Pre-training，hidden rock recognition training and disaster site escape training.The platform uses 3DMax modeling software and Unity3D engine to complete the mining VR environment modeling，through the HTC VIVE equipment to complete the interaction between trainees and the mine virtual environment，using virtual coaches for demonstration teaching.Firstly，train the trainees through the mine knowledge question bank to improve the trainees’ cognition level of the mine，and then use the virtual coach to guide the trainee to identify and clear the hidden rock blocks and escape from the disaster site.The comparison of the training effect of the virtual coach and the traditional UI text was carry out，and the trainees will be tested on the disaster scene and the effect evaluation of the VR virtual coach training platform will be completed.The results showed that the average time of escape for trainees trained by virtual coach was 192.9 s，and the average time for trainees trained by UI text was 238.1 s.The latter was 45.2 s longer than the former.The test were repeated one week later. The average time of the trainees who trained by virtual coach was 224.7 s，and the average time of the trainees who used UI text training was 290.9 s.The latter was 66.2 s longer than the former.At the same time，compare to the first test，the escape time of trainees using virtual coach training increased by 16.5%，while the escape time of trainees using UI text training increased by 22.2%.The test results show that the VR technology-based non-coal mine roof fall teaching and training platform can promote the trainees to maintain a longer-term memory of the training content，and the overall training efficiency is higher than UI text teaching，which can effectively improve the trainees’ safety awareness and emergency response capabilities.Interviews with trainees show that the use of virtual coach training can better guide trainees’ attention，create an atmosphere of real-person teaching，and have good promotion and application value.

The tectonic position of the study area belongs to the junction of the southwest edge of the Yangtze quasi platform and the Youjiang fold belt of the south China fold belt，which is an important component of carlin-type gold deposits area in southwest Guizhou.The deep hidden deposit prospecting has not made a new breakthrough.Based on the recent research on structure-controlled alteration zone （SBT） and the latest theoretical results of multi-level structural slippage metallogenic system of carlin-type gold deposits in Nanpanjiang-Youjiang area，the geological background and geological characteristics of typical deposits are studied through field investigation in the Kawu，Southwestern Guizhou，China.The results further clarified the geological characteristics of gold deposits in the Kawu area and identified the main prospecting criteria，established the core elements of gold prospecting prediction in the Kawu area，and newly identified the existence of SBT between the rock interfaces with large differences in rock competence in the area，providing an important basis for regional prospecting prediction.The gold orebody is deposited in SBT and the high-angle pressure fault and the interlayer fracture zone，system summary Kawu area gold metallogenic elements.The study shows that the regional structural detachment and interlayer fracture zone are the main channel of metallogenic fluid migration and the ore site of gold ore body，the abnormal overlap parts of the metallogenic elements such as Au，As，Sb and Hg are the most favorable parts of mineralization，which is the same metallogenic system as the regional carlin-type gold deposit，and the gold metallogenic conditions are superior.Based on the multi-level structural detachment metallogenic system and the prospecting prediction model，the prospecting prediction was carried out，3 prospecting prediction areas were delineated，the gold resources in Kawu area were predicted as 50 t，and the prospecting direction in the area is defined，so as to provide guidance and reference for the subsequent prospecting work in this area.