东昆仑驼路沟矿床中钴成矿过程的矿物学示踪

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.02.121

Abstract

Abstract:

The demand for cobalt metals has accelerated due to the increased use of cobalt in high-technology industries，thus the security supply of cobalt ore resources has attracted attention worldwide.Cobalt，as one of the critical metals，is in an acute shortage in China.The East Kunlun Orogen is a significant Au-Cu-Fe-Co-Ni-Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt in western China.The Tuolugou Co（Au） deposit has great reputation as the first large independent cobalt deposit discovered in the northwestern China，whereas the understanding of the metallogenic process of Co is controversial.By combining EPMA and EBSD analyses，together with the field investigation and detailed microscopic observation，the paper revealed the sedimentary exhalative mineralization and superimposed reworking process responsible for the formation of the Tuolugou deposit.The sedimentary exhalative mineralization formed the fine-grained pyrite（PyⅠ），and the superimposed reworking process consists of two mineralizing stages，i.e.，fine-grained pyrite （PyⅡ）+cobaltite+gersdorffite+siegenite+pyrrhotite+minor chalcopyrite stage and coarse-grained pyrite （PyⅢ）+native Au stage.The three generations of pyrite have different chemical compositions，of which PyⅠ has Co contents ranging from 0.03% to 4.86%，PyⅡ ranging from 0.38% to 2.74% and PyⅢ ranging from 0.03% to 0.58%.The obvious negative correlations of Co with Fe uncover that Co exists in the pyrite lattice by stoichiometric substitution of Fe.These results concluded that Co occurs as either independent minerals（e.g.，cobaltite，gersdorffite and siegenite） or cobaltiferous pyrite in the Tuolugou deposit.The EMPA mappings depict that pyrite has complicated textural and chemical compositions，which suggest that the composite pyrite grains were formed by fluid-mediated coupled dissolution-reprecipitation reactions according to the sharp contact boundaries，the distinct chemical compositions，and the consistent morphology and crystallographic orientation among different generations of pyrite in EBSD inverse maps.In combination with the previous work，it is deduced that both the sedimentary exhalative mineralization and subsequent reworking process contributed Co mineralization in the Tuolugou deposit.This study provides a useful guide for the Co mineral exploration and efficient metallurgy in the eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt.

Key words: cobalt, pyrite, cobaltite, enrichment and mineralization, Tuolugou deposit, east Kunlun Orogen

CLC Number:

P618.62

Zhilin WANG,Kai ZHANG,Deru XU,Shaohao ZOU,Yufei WANG. Mineralogical Fingerprints of Co Metallogenesis in the Tuolugou Deposit，East Kunlun Orogen[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2023, 31(2): 175-189.

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矿物世代	样品编号	元素								总含量
矿物世代	样品编号	S	Fe	Co	Ni	As	Se	Pb	Sb	总含量
PyⅠ	13D3J09	53.44	44.29	1.90	0.36	0.12	-	-	0.01	100.12
	13D3J08	53.20	44.76	1.86	0.23	0.10	0.01	-	0.01	100.17
	13D3J12	53.50	45.11	1.67	0.28	0.10	-	-	-	100.66
	13D3J13	52.40	46.56	0.96	0.09	0.34	-	0.04	-	100.39
	N803	53.47	41.53	4.86	0.35	0.32	0.01	-	0.01	100.55
	N804	51.63	45.37	1.08	0.46	0.22	-	0.02	0.01	98.79
	N805	53.16	42.68	4.22	0.13	0.26	0.01	-	0.01	100.47
	N807	53.67	42.78	3.83	0.05	0.39	0.02	0.07	-	100.81
	N811	53.05	41.98	4.59	0.13	0.30	-	-	-	100.05
	N802	52.71	46.39	0.07	0.71	0.21	0.02	-	-	100.11
	14D119	52.11	47.36	0.03	0.01	0.35	-	-	-	99.86
	14D113	52.56	47.48	0.05	0.04	0.10	0.01	0.03	-	100.27
	14D109	53.14	47.06	0.12	0.24	0.20	0.03	-	-	100.79
	13D1-1-1	53.07	47.00	0.16	0.03	0.19	-	-	-	100.45
	13D1-1-2	53.18	47.26	0.13	0.06	0.24	0.02	0.02	0.02	100.93
	13D1-1-3	53.21	47.39	0.15	0.01	0.22	-	0.01	-	100.99
	13D1-1-4	53.15	46.70	0.33	0.13	0.21	-	0.04	-	100.56
	13D3J01	52.98	47.51	0.05	-	0.29	0.02	0.01	-	100.86
	13D3J03	53.44	47.20	0.05	0.03	0.20	-	-	-	100.92
	13D3J07	52.70	47.48	0.06	-	0.26	-	0.06	0.02	100.58
	13D3JB1	50.32	44.56	0.86	1.46	3.26	-	-	-	100.46
PyⅡ	13D3J00	52.72	47.03	0.38	0.09	0.38	-	0.02	-	100.62
	13D3J11	52.41	46.88	0.68	0.07	0.18	0.01	-	-	100.23
	14D117	52.73	45.10	2.10	0.27	0.14	0.03	-	-	100.37
	14D115	52.80	44.97	1.96	0.24	0.13	0.01	-	0.01	100.12
	14D120	52.44	45.39	1.80	0.26	0.11	0.02	0.03	-	100.05
	14D116	52.58	45.67	1.09	0.19	0.10	0.01	0.01	0.01	99.66
	14D16	53.12	43.79	2.74	0.33	0.22	0.01	-	-	100.21
	14D110	54.24	44.51	1.44	0.33	0.18	0.02	-	0.02	100.74
	14D112	53.07	45.01	1.51	0.33	0.19	-	-	-	100.11
	14D118	52.88	45.98	0.96	0.19	0.13	0.02	0.03	-	100.19
PyⅢ	TLG8DA3	52.71	46.77	0.47	-	0.47	-	0.04	0.01	100.47
	TLG8DA3	53.09	46.88	0.12	-	0.23	-	-	0.02	100.34
	TLG8DA3	54.23	45.43	0.12	0.64	0.17	-	0.05	-	100.64
	TLG8DA3	53.88	46.01	0.22	0.23	0.18	-	0.02	-	100.54
	TLG8DA3	53.89	45.86	0.58	0.10	0.38	-	0.02	0.01	100.84
	TLG8DA3	53.25	46.71	0.24	0.27	0.22	-	-	0.03	100.72
	TLG12D1	51.68	46.89	0.20	0.14	0.21	0.01	-	-	99.13
	TLG12D1	53.37	46.06	0.03	0.03	0.83	0.01	0.05	0.01	100.39
	TLG16D1	53.66	46.75	0.09	0.03	0.19	-	0.01	0.01	100.74
	TLG17D2	52.26	46.47	0.38	0.21	0.18	-	0.06	-	99.56

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Mineralogical Fingerprints of Co Metallogenesis in the Tuolugou Deposit，East Kunlun Orogen

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