The radical feature of resources Zijinshan Gold Mine is introduced in this paper; Technology of evaluation and exploration of Lower grade resources is narrated emphatically; Important experience of lower grade resources evaluation and exploration is based on in practice.

Environmental-friendly reagent Jinchan was used as a substitute for sodium cyanide to treat Xiajiadian gold mine,and the leaching effect of Jinchan and sodium cyanide was compared.The results showed that the leaching rate of Jinchan and sodium cyanide was 88.55% and 88.73% respectively,which was basically the same when the dosage of reagents was 200 g/t；When Jinchan dosage was 300 g/t，the leaching rate of 89.87% could be obtained，which was obviously better than the leaching effect of sodium cyanide under the optimal conditions；When using Jinchan，the adsorption and desorption effects were the same as that of sodium cyanide,with gold desorption rate of 98.99% and 98.97%, respectively；Jinchan as a substitute for sodium cyanide，could significantly improve technical and economic indicators，and moreover，in view of the non-toxicity of Jinchan，the invisible benefits of transportation，management，environmental protection and safety also would be obtained.

The south of Anhui Province is the important area of production associated gold in our coutry.It has been 110 t reserves of rock gold,240 t associated gold.There is 60％ in Tongling’s area.Yangtze river metallogentic zone is located in Anhui Province,There are 63％ reserves of associated gold in the zone.There are more than 50 associated gold deposits and some rock gold deposits that have been found.We analysis and summary further geological characteristics in this district,and discuss ore prospecting of this area.

Pyrite is one of the main Au-carriers in the Zhaishang gold deposit.The pyrite in the rock are fine and strawberry-like or coccus-like,globe-like,cube-like pyrite.The pyrite in the rock are thick and big,mineral form as cube,pyritohedron,xenomorphic granular, small veins.Pyrites of mineralization are poor in iron （Fe）=45.98%,sulfur （S）= 51.69%.S has been replaced by As，Sb,Fe has been replaced by Ni、Ag.The mode of occurrence of Au is self-existent in the pyrites.Au-carriers in the those strawberry-like，cube-like pyrite less than in those pyrites mineral form as cube,pyritohedron,xenomorphic granular,small veins.Au,As has the negative correlation characteristic feature in different pyrite.Those pyrites as overgrowth rim,in the first rim,third rim,fives rims are rich of gold, while in the core,second rim,fourth rim,and sixth rim are poor of gold,the relationship between Au and As is positive correlation.

New superlarge gold deposit is found in the northern sea of Sanshandao，Shandong Province.The hydrothermal alteration minerals of orebody mainly include muscovite，lepidolite，ilite，spodumene，epidote，kaolinite，hornblende，dolomite，calcite and smectite，as identified by short wave infrared measurement.The muscovite has close relationship with gold mineralization.Gold grade has the positive correlation with peak intensity，contrast of intensity，symmetry of peak in short wave infrared spectrum.Aluminum-poor muscovite have the indicate significance of heat center.Aluminum-poor muscovite distribute in the deep drill.With the increase of depth，there have still stable trend of aluminum-poor muscovite distribution.This shows that the depth of metallogenic heat source is deeper，indicating that the depth of gold deposit has great potential for prospecting.

As the best carrier of gold, the existence of pyrite in gold deposits implies some metallogenic information. The crystal form , grain size, micro morphology and S/Fe of pyrite closely relate to gold metallogeny. Especially, the gold content of pyrite can be used as a true mark of gold mineralization. It is of important sign if icance for gold prospection to pay attention to those characters of pyrite.

We describe the geophysical technologies and methods of china’s resources exploration briefly and consider
that the integrated application of high resolution, high precision,multi-disciplinary and multi-orientation technology will become inevitable trend of geophysical development. According to the application of geophysical methods in prospecting,we divide it into three stages of metallogenic prognosis, prospecting prediction and mass screening evaluation, different tages adopt proper method. Through the experiment study on the Jingerquan copper nickel conbalt polymetallic medium ore deposit in Hami of Xinjiang and Daijiazhuang lead zinc mine in Dangchang of Gansu,we consider that the effect of geophysical exploration methods in polymetallic prospecting prediction and evaluation is obvious.

Pressure leaching method，which is an effective method of pretreatment in gold ore or concentrate with sulfur and arsenic，has many advantages：shorten the process，improve leaching rate,not produce the sulfur dioxide. The main reactions of sulfide，iron and arsenic compounds in high temperature oxidation include three approaches：the full oxidation of sulfur to be sulfide or sulfate，divalent iron during the reaction to be ferric，arsenic to be arsenate. As the decreasing resources of easy ore processing，pressure leaching method has been used more and more widely in industrial applications while the research of leaching mechanism is relatively less.We reviewed the chemical reactions of arsenic，sulfur and iron in the pressure leaching process.

The Muruntau and the Kumtor gold deposits in the middle Asia Tian-shan.was super-large deposits of thousand ton level.The feature of Muruntau-type gold deposits was which in the carbonaceous clastic rocks.and the ore was quartz stockwork and the stringer vein.The Xinjiang Tian-shan was joined with the miner alization belt which aforementioned deposits in it.In the Xinjiang Tian-shan.the Nanati zone and the southern Tian-shan zone was the most perspective for search for mineds of the Muruntau-type gold deposits.The Saw ayartun deposits in souther Tian-shan was a Muruntau-type gold deoposits.which first finded in China.

The wet smelt system technics can distill argentine with nitric acid and distill aurum with aqua fortis in the cyanogens golden mud．But the technics will produce acid gas，it is impo~ant how to deal with the acid gas·This article introduce a way that can absorb the acid gas．And the way can reclaim the acid gas and the aurum in the acid gas，the way can make economy profits and community benefit

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has an extraordinary impact on economy and society of industry and environment. In this view, we presented research progress on biologic characteristic, isolation, purification and mobilization, genetics and its application in order to make full use of the widely distributed strain.

详细研究了河南栾川碲化物型金矿床的围岩性变类型、蚀变岩石地球化学特征、蚀变作用的发育过程及温压条件,并阐述了其与金矿化的关系。

According to the metallogenesis, metallogentic environment and deposit characteristics, the gold deposit in the drainage area of Honghe river(Yunnan section)can be divided into 4 types: eluvial-taulus;diluvial;alluvial2diluvial;alluvial. The metallogenesis in mainly controlled by basement rock,geomorphology, weather fault-river and hydrochemical environment. The most potential area is Yuanyang-Jimping area.

More extensive low-grade oxidized deposits of gold are dispersed over Longnan mountain regions in Gansu Prov ince.Their characteristics are zonal dist ribution,large scale and low grade.Gold can be ext racted by means of tank leaching,heap leaching and cyaniding,less capital and more quickly effective,realizing returns on an investment in just one year.The profit ratio of the capital is very high.They possess many feasible factors in the development and utilization.

In the process of fishing for concealed go ld-bearing breccia pipe in the sub volcanic complex in Qibaoshan area in Shandong Province, after detailed making tectonic-pet rogenic metallogenic texture model of the sub volcanic complex and fluid geneous-tectonic-metallogenic texture model o f the know n or e-bearing brecciapipe, pr edict ing and optimize looking for mineral deposits barn areas, we took advanced geochemistry and geophysical means to test and survey, and not only determined precise posit ion of the concealed ore-bearing brecciapipe, and still delineate and circle it s shape and size finally. This will raise prognostic precision of concealed mineral deposit,depress exploratory risk.

The column introducing devolopable procedure and successful representive in production of Technique extracting gold from gold ore with cyanide was made.Each technique of cyanide were compared.I laid special stress on character of each technique of cyanide and each key factor which we should pay attention to.I bring forward devolopable direction of technique extracting gold from now.

Ganzi-Muli is a main metallogenic belt in western China.By studying it’s metallogenic geological backgrounds, characteristics of structural activities, main types of the gold deposits and ore-controlling factors, and in virtue of the statistical prediction of DPIS(Deposit Positioning Inspecting System) and comprehensive information statistics, seven oreprospecting areas, identically, four A-type prospective areas and three B-type ones among them have been lineated. Furthermore, metallogenic characteristics and prospecting direction of every areas above have been discussed.

Manzhanggang gold deposit in QingHai Province had discoveried 37 strips gold orebody and other lowgrades, which of M4 has exploited ten years, accumulated produced gold nearly  tentons. We discuss this area of geochemistry characteristics and prospecting, this area should prospect quartzpulsmaily in prospecting director.

Because cyanide is poisonous，it can pollute environment by using cyanidation to deal with gold ore.Meanwhile,with the problem of poor effective in the leaching of complex gold,many scholars try to find better method to instead cyanide.The advantages of non-cyanidation gold leaching technology are non-toxic，fast leaching speed and strong adaptability for impurity,it is subjected to favour.We review the research advance and application status of non-cyanide gold leaching technology.The thiourea,thiosulfate,thiocyanate,polysulfide and calcium polysulphides,halogen and its compound and their advantages and disadvantages，are emphatically introduced.We advocate non-toxic and more effective gold leaching technology to attain the goal of efficient，environmental protection purpose and adapt to industrialization production.

Bilihe gold deposit in Inner Mongolia is located in the northern margin of the North China Craton Paleozoic accretionary zone，which is important area of Sn-Mo mineralazation area in the northern China.Intrusion related to mineralization intruded into the volcanic rocks， is the main ore-forming rock formed in the northern margin of the late Paleozoic active continental North China Craton’s edge of accretionary-collisions transition setting,composed of granodiorite （porphyry） rock（272 to 269 Ma）.The main ore bodies as consealed state lie in the granodiorite rock body and the contact zone between the granodiorite and wall rock.Ore grade from the terrane’scenter to its outer gradually depleted.Ores mainly make up of granodiorite porphyry with a large number of sheeted auriferous quartz veins，stockworks and the typical unidirectional solidifition texture（UST） in contact，and a positive correlation with the gold grade.Metal sulphide content of the ore is very low（less than 2%）.Alterations are first potassium and silicifiedand second kaolin in the intrusion，and widely illitization propylitization outer.Geochemical Character of Au±Bi±Te±W±As±Sn±Cu±W±Mo is similar to the intrusion-related gold deposits. Ore-bearing  quartz fluid is an aqueous solution containing CO2，with the native homogenization temperature of 430~550 ℃ and less than 380 ℃ and salinity of 0.88%~8.68% NaCl and 12.5%~17.5% NaCl.The study showed that the early ore-forming fluids come from the magma，and have varying degrees of precipitation with the uplift of the mineralization space and the mineralization process.Geochronology studies have shown that the molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of the granodioritic porphyry is 272.7±1.6 Ma，mineralization began in the late of the granodiorite magma.Deposit characteristics show that Bilihe gold deposit conforms to the across Eurasia global intrusion-related gold mineralization，and is a typical representative of the same type gold deposits in China.

湘中白马山—龙山—醴陵锑金矿带，以及白马山—龙山穹窿状花岗岩体和前泥叠未穹窿构造呈东西向“一”字彤排布．区内产于前寒武系浅变质岩未中的锑金矿床，主要
分布于穹窿构造或花岗岩体(包括毪伏岩体)的周边和上方。成矿严格受剪切断裂带控制。成矿作用是在sb、Au丰度较高的矿源层基础上进行的。区域变质和动力变质作用使矿源层中的矿质发生活化、迁移，并在扩容减压带聚集成矿·岩浆侵入的热一动力变质作用促使成矿抽质再次活化、富桌成矿最叠加成矿。属火山沉积一(热)变质熬液矿床。

Refractory gold ores are the main resources of the development of golden industry for the future,A lot o f studying and developing work have been carried on for the pretreatment of refractory gold ores and subsequent cyanide gold refining in the recent 10 yeras,in which the oxidation roast,hydrometallurgy and microbio oxidation have been applied to the industry.This paper gives a brief view for the present situation and problems of refractory gold ores cyanide gold refining.

The slurry electrolysis process is a new technology of hydrometallurgy. Now it is widely studied for treating chalcoprite(CuFeS2),galena(PbS),complex silver concentrate, bismuth ore and multi-metal sulphide etc.. Great progress has been made and three slurry  electrolysis factories have been established sequentially for treating bismuth ore, complex silver concentrate and gold concentrate. The unique advantage of its efficiency and environmental protection make slurry electrolysis process have wide application prospect. In this paper the development and the studying situation of slurry electrolysis process have been reviewed. The advantage, disadvantage anddevelopment history of the slurry electrolysis process have been introduced, and the current situation of slurry electrolysis process’mechanism research, medium research, equipment research, laboratory research and industrial application has been introduced too. And the studying orientation of slurry electrolysis process is also looked ahead.

Many different types of gold deposits are abundant in Yunnan,the main gold deposit types are as below:the metaclastic rock-type,the sedimentary rock (Carlin-type or fine clastic rock-carbonate rock-siliceous),the alkali porphritic rock-type,the intrusive rock-hosted and endo-and exocontact belt-type;red clay-type and the marine volcamic rock-type.The chiefly ore-forming belts include Mt.Ailao belt,Dali-Lijang2Ninglang belt,and Southeast area of Yunnan,LuxiRuili in the west of Nujiang River.This paper summarizes above-mentioned gold deposit types and ore-forming areas.

Machangqing alkalite intrusive rock ismultiperiodic and multistage magmatic activity superimposed intrusive composite rock in west of Yunnan. The time limit of magmatic activity is 52 ～29 Ma, the earliest time began at 52Ma,mid time of it is 47～42Ma, and the latter time of it is 37～29Ma. Using ICP-MS testing the age of molybdenite Re-Os isotope of Baoxingchang porphyry copper, molybdenum deposit, get the pattern age is 34.9±0.8～36.0 ±0.5Ma, the average of it is 35.3±0.7Ma, which indicated thatmetallogenic time limit is about 35～36Ma. The result of above tallied with later granite-porphyry (29～37Ma) of Machangqing complex rock, showed thatmineralization mainly related with later magmatic invasive activity. The existing two ore occurrence shape and mineral compound form ofMachangqing copper, molybdenum polymetallic ore deposit belonged to the production of syn-mineralization; the different representation in different space of syn-mineralization, belonged to same mineralization system. Porphyry copper, molybdenum deposit of Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan mineralization beltwas the production of the syn-min-eralization, and mineralization time limit focused in 35～36Ma.

The characteristic and composition of carbonaceous minerals in gold ores were reviewed. The negative action of carbonaceous minerals and pretreating processes to eliminate their influence in the gold cyanide process, as well as direct extractive technologies were summarized. The review was focused on aqueous chlorination as pretreating process and direct extraction of gold with hypochloric acid solution.

The characteristics of ref ractory gocd ores and the principles of selecting pret reatment program are introduced.The deretopmeent and new trends of the methods of roast,pressure oxidation and bio-oxidation in recent years are nutsheu.

The author through to the GPX exchange form document text attribute thorough analysis and the research,divides into it the basic information, navigation information,the flight path information three parts,and summarized the navigation information basic structure.With the aid of the memorandum,EXCEL produce GPX exchange form navigation information,has constructed to a MAPSOURCE batch input navigation flow, simultaneously also meant has realized to the GPS batch input coordinates function,has consummated MAPSOURCE,the GPS function, solved MAPSOURCE,GPS has been unable the batch input navigation coordinates insufficiency,enhanced the geology working efficiency greatly,received the multitudinous geologist high praise.

(U—Th)／He dating method is a new radiogenic isotope dating method rapidly developed in recent years，which has been applied widely in the research field of basic geology．At first，we simply present the(U—Th)／He dating principle and summarize its technique development and application results in geological research．Furthermore，we discuss the feasibility of(U—Th)／He dating in determining the forming age of nonmetallic—metallic ore deposit，the succeeding alteration and unroofing age of metallic ore deposit

Through comparison the ore grade distribution situation of Maquan gold deposit and the corresponding mathematical model,we discover ore grade distribution law shows log-normal distribution,theoretically prove that ore grade is controlled by 1~2 major geological factors,the occurrence mineral of gold elements is mainly arsenopyrite and pyrite mine,gold has a selective for sulfide,but forming of the deposit is more times superposition results. The mathematical model of ore grade distribution is mean 3.566×10^-6,2.006×10^-6 variance for log-normal distribution. Through study of the average grade of ore deposits,geometry average,arithmetic average and the coefficient of variation,we think that the deposit belongs to grade uniformity deposit,and boundary grade is 1.0×10^-6,lower limit of high-grade is 29×10^-6.High-grade orebody （10×10^-6~17.78×10^-6）has prospecting potential.23 exploration line of the deposit is located in the elevation between 1 800~1 700 m,and it has great development potential.

The newly-discovered Qianhongquan gold deposit is located in the southern part of the Beishan orogenic belt，but there is a lack of accurate constraints about its metallogenic epoch.In this work，the altered sericite from the ores of this deposit was dated using ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar.The ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar plateau and isochron ages of the altered sericite are （250.4±1.0）Ma and （251.3±1.1）Ma，respectively，indicating the ore-forming age is Early Triassic.Previous studies have shown that magma intrusion and mineralization are closely related to the Beishan area.Beishan Mountains at Triassic belonged to a post-collisional geotecture environment.Under the action of post-collision intracontinental extension，massive granitic magma upwelled along the shear zone and provided thermal power and routes for the activation and migration of ore-forming materials，thus creating favorable conditions for large-scale metal mineral metallogenesis in this region.Qianhongquan gold deposit has similar metallogenic epoch and metallogenic geological background as those complex deposits in the southern part of the Beishan orogenic belt.Based on previous research results，it is believed that the Triassic was a period of large-scale metal deposits in Beishan area，and the post-orogenic extending stage was a favorable geotecture background for the occurrence of abundant metal minerals.These facts will constructively guide gold deposit metallogenic mechanism research and gold prospecting in Beishan Mountains，which must be highly valued by geological workers.

In this paper main mineral resources distribution is described in the world and developed countries.Developed countries,for typical example,The Unite State,Canada,Japan,and England,are enforcing strategy reserves of mineral resources.The have been implementing global resource strategy,and have encouraged that enterprises explore and mine in mining industry in other countries.The purpose to do so is that realizing better resource structure,obtaining cheap and good resources,controlling global resources,to guarantee resource necessary and economic safe in the mineral resources.

to the principle and project that Tu Guangazhi proposed in 1990,the gold ore deposits in QinLing (Shaanxi) may be classified into fouowing types:Archean high-grade gneiss type,fine grained fragmental rock-carbonate rock-silicilith type,metamorphic fragmental rock type,volcanic rock type,explosive breccia type,intrusive rock exo-and endo-contact zone type.In this paper,the geological characteristics,metallogenic geological setting,the source of ore-forming materials,digenic mechanism and metallogenetic epoch of gold ore deposits are also discussed.

The gold is a sparse precious metal, having the special resources product of the currency and merchandise dual attribute, the gold has a very big need market. Curently prepare the processing method to have already baked to burn to oxidize a method, heat to press to oxidize a method, living creature to oxidize a method, chemistry to oxidize a met}lod, heap to immerse a method, microwave to oxidize a method mainly etc. towards containing the cyanotype poison to immerse the gold method at home and abroad. But for dificult processing gold mine of immerse without the cyanotype poison the gold method contain the thiourea method, the halide turns a method, many sulphide metthods, the sulphur generation vitriol method, float to choose a method etc. Therefore just in the new method that looks for the new environmental protection type continuously.

系统总结了矿物和岩石中有关晶格金的研究现状。涉及的研究方法主要有浸出实验、谱学测试以及微束分析法。笔者认为综合应用上述方法是研究晶格金的有效途径。

Based on the discussion of the partitioning principle of gold ore types and on considering the directional affection for ore exploring,we think of gold deposits in Jiaodong area is not greenstone belt type.The types of gold deposits in Shandong Province can be divided into three types:the first relate to granitic erosion,the second relate to volcanic-sublvocanic rocks,the third relate to metamorphic core complex each of gold ore types can more be divided into some subtypes.The tectonic activites of west-pacific area in Mesozoic era is the earth dynamic background of the formtion of gold deposits in Shandong Province.According to the direction idea of that looking for new hot in old area and looking for cold spot in hot area,we propose that the eastern part of Jiaodon area and Linyi area are the improtant direction,and have obtained the magnitude of gold ore exploration in Lushan area of the eastern part of Jiaodong.

The relationship among deep-seated fluid movements,diagenesis and mineralization in the crust and the mantle is paid more attention to than whenever else in the past.The fluid has played a principal role during all kinds of geological process.This paper mainly reviews the formation,distribution and evolution of deep-seated,the function of fluid during geological process.Connected to the mineralization and metallogeny in Xinjiang,it is suggested that fluid study not only proclaims various geological process of the crust and even the deep part of the earth,but also systematically explains the relationship between formation and evolution of fluid and mineralization.

Shear z0He is a linear high．strain belt，which grows in inner earth crust． In the past 20 years，the abundance 0f achievements has reached about the relationship of shear zone and gold mineralization．This paper introduces the reseaI℃h achievement that is about shear zone and gold deposit from 5 parts，there are the time，space，elements migrating enrichment，mineralized alteration type and metallogenic dynamics．Longing the geological occupation stress the role of the relationship of shear zone and gold deposit．