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黄金科学技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 165-178.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.02.061

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴胡栏子金矿黄铁矿的化学成分标型特征及其矿床学意义

陈振1(),王翠芝1(),吕古贤2,张宝林3,张启鹏4,魏竣滨4,史晓鸣4   

  1. 1.福州大学紫金矿业学院,福建 福州 350108
    2.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
    3.中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京 100029
    4.内蒙古矿业开发有限责任公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-21 修回日期:2021-11-09 出版日期:2022-04-30 发布日期:2022-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 王翠芝 E-mail:sx290673378@163.com;wcuizhi@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈振(1995-),男,江苏徐州人,硕士研究生,从事矿床成矿规律与成矿预测工作。sx290673378@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区地质勘查基金管理中心科研项目“内蒙古自治区赤峰市柴胡栏子地区典型矿田构造岩相测量与成矿规律研究”(编号:[2019]科研-02)和校企合作项目“绢云母红外光谱特征的制约因素研究”(BM-2019-08)

Typomorphic Characteristics of Chemical Composition of Pyrite in Chaihu-lanzi Gold Deposit and Its Mineralogy Significance

Zhen CHEN1(),Cuizhi WANG1(),Guxian LV2,Baolin ZHANG3,Qipeng ZHANG4,Junbin WEI4,Xiaoming SHI4   

  1. 1.Zijin Mining College, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, China
    2.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3.Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    4.Inner Mongolia Mining Development Co. , Ltd. , Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2021-05-21 Revised:2021-11-09 Online:2022-04-30 Published:2022-06-17
  • Contact: Cuizhi WANG E-mail:sx290673378@163.com;wcuizhi@163.com

摘要:

柴胡栏子金矿目前保有储量已不能满足金矿持续生产的需要,应开展进一步深边部找矿工作。基于成因矿物学理论,采用矿物地球化学方法对矿区内黄铁矿化学成分标型特征进行了研究。结果表明:(1)黄铁矿中Co/Ni元素比值和As-Co-Ni元素三角图解显示,柴胡栏子金矿黄铁矿成因较复杂,受建平群、区域变质和岩浆热液活动等诸多因素的制约;(2)黄铁矿中Au/Ag和S/Se等特征值显示出岩浆热液特征,表明成矿流体的形成主要与矿区岩浆活动有关;(3)黄铁矿晶体中的金以纳米微粒金存在,因纳米金具有较强的迁移性以及被碳质吸附的特性,因此矿区含碳质较高的绢云母化含石墨斜长片麻岩是最有利的赋矿围岩。依据矿区黄铁矿成分特征,结合区域地质、矿区地质及蚀变带特征,得出柴胡栏子金矿形成受诸多因素的联合控制,矿区基性岩脉侵入活动是重要的因素,基性岩脉不仅带来部分矿源,而且其携带的岩浆热液使建平群中的金(这部分金已在区域变质过程中得到活化)进一步活化而进入成矿流体中,在NNE向挤压构造带和NWW向张性裂隙构造带的交会部位,成矿流体与围岩广泛交代形成以蚀变岩型为主的金矿床,矿区东南部深部建平群老变质岩地层具有较好的找矿前景,尤其是绢云母化含石墨斜长片麻岩中的构造发育部位。

关键词: 黄铁矿, 特征值, 成分标型特征, 地球化学特征, 纳米金, 柴胡栏子金矿, 内蒙古

Abstract:

The current reserves of the Chaihulanzi gold deposit can not meet the needs of continuous production of the gold mine,and further deep-edge prospecting should be carried out. Based on the theory of genetic mineralogy,the typomorphic characteristics of pyrite chemical composition in the the mining area were studied by mineral geochemistry method.The results are as follows:(1)The ratio of Co/Ni and the As-Co-Ni triangle diagram of pyrite show that the genesis of pyrite in Chaihulanzi gold deposit is complex,which is restricted by the strata of Jianping Group,regional metamorphism and magmatic hydrothermal activity;(2)The ratio of Au/Ag,S/Se and other characteristic values of pyrite show the characteristics of magmatic hydrothermal solution and the formation of ore-forming fluid is mainly related to the magmatic activity in this area;(3)Pyrite is rich in As,which indicates that gold in pyrite crystal exists as nano-particle gold,which indicates that ore-forming fluid has strong migration and the nano-particle gold has strong adsorption in rocks rich in carbon and clay.According to the composition characteristics of pyrite,combined with regional geology,mining area geology and the characteristics of the alteration zone,it is concluded that the Chaihulanzi gold deposit is mainly related to the intrusion of basic dikes. The basic vein not only brings some ore sources,but also the magmatic hydrothermal fluid brings gold in Jianping Group to further activate and enter into the ore-forming fluid. At the joint of NNE trending compression structural belt and NWW tensile fracture structural zone,the ore-forming fluid and surrounding rock are widely metasomated to form a gold deposit with altered rock type as the main part.There are good prospecting prospects in the deep metamorphic strata of Jianping Group in the southeast of the mining area,especially in the structural development part of the sericite graphite-bearing plagioclase gneisses.

Key words: pyrite, characteristic value, component typomorphic characteristics, geochemical characteristics, nano-particle gold, Chaihulanzi gold deposit, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

华北克拉通北缘赤峰—朝阳金矿带地质简图(据陈伟军等,2006修改)1.中生代花岗岩;2.太古宙变质岩;3.古生代—中生代—新生代地层;4.断裂;5.金矿床(点);6.地点"

图2

柴胡栏子金矿矿区地质图(赤峰柴胡栏子黄金矿业有限公司,2018)1.第四系;2.上侏罗统白音高老组上部凝灰质砂岩;3.建平群大营城子组含石墨绢云母片岩;4.建平群大营城子组斜长角闪片麻岩;5.建平群大营城子组混合岩;6.吕梁期辉石岩;7.闪长玢岩;8.华力西期闪长岩;9.华力西期花岗岩;10.石英脉;11.金矿化带(体)及编号;12.断层及编号;13.产状;14.井口及编号"

图3

柴胡栏子金矿18号勘探线地质剖面图(赤峰柴胡栏子黄金矿业有限公司,2018)1.斜长角闪片麻岩;2.绢云母化含石墨斜长片麻岩;3.大理岩;4.闪长玢岩脉;5.矿体;6.硅化脉;7.断层;8.钻孔位置及编号"

图4

柴胡栏子金矿矿石结构构造特征(a)石英脉型矿石结构;(b)蚀变岩型矿石结构;(c)石英型矿体;(d)石英型矿体形成的揉皱;(e)蚀变岩型矿体;(f)石英脉型矿体插入蚀变岩型矿体中; Py-黄铁矿;Pyr-磁黄铁矿;Ccp-黄铜矿;Qz-石英"

图5

柴胡栏子金矿成矿阶段示意图"

图6

柴胡栏子金矿中自然金的赋存状态(a)自然金赋存在黄铁矿中;(b)自然金赋存在石英及其裂隙中;Py-黄铁矿;Qz-石英"

表1

柴胡栏子金矿黄铁矿电子探针数据"

样品编号GeAsSeAuSAgTeSnFeCoNiCuZnPbSb总计
CM1709-1-0.0050.051-53.579---47.0780.024-0.064---100.801
CM1709-2---0.05553.506-0.0160.01447.4060.1030.0030.020---101.123
CM1709-5-0.0160.022-53.608-0.0190.00946.9510.0550.035----100.715
CM1709-60.006--0.00353.119--0.00246.8660.1170.012-0.016--100.141
p103tz5-2-1-3-0.0110.0330.03153.296-0.002-45.7690.0400.1740.0120.0310.024-99.423
p103tz5-2-1-40.0150.025-0.04653.7710.006--46.9490.0510.0870.0030.024--100.977
CM2804-1-0.1050.010-52.541---45.4140.1080.8840.0460.078--99.186
CM2804-2-0.096-0.06152.9780.001--45.4380.0761.1810.090---99.921
CM2804-3-0.034-0.01853.5950.0060.0290.01845.7080.5520.033---0.00499.997
CM2804-4-0.1630.017-54.111-0.0100.05143.961.5870.0550.0320.034--100.020
CM2804-5-0.041-0.00353.3150.013-0.02146.630.2900.2720.0020.003--100.590
CM2804-6--0.0240.05252.891-0.012-46.0090.1430.3010.209---99.641
CM2804-7-0.068-0.07353.0500.005-0.01846.0030.0730.2750.0150.006-0.02999.615
CM2805-1-0.018--53.8340.0510.011-47.0150.017-----100.946
CM2805-2-0.0370.0500.01853.4330.0040.003-46.8530.1040.004-0.043-0.018100.567
CM2802-1-1.715-0.01952.3880.0020.0210.01246.0130.037-0.054--0.016100.277
CM2802-2----52.3810.0010.0030.02647.6550.032-0.025--0.004100.127

表2

柴胡栏子金矿黄铁矿主要特征值"

采样位置样品编号δSδFeS/Fe晶体化学式Au/AgSe/TeCo/NiS/Se
六中段CM1709-10.2411.1341.982Fe1.009S2
CM1709-20.1051.8391.966Fe1.017S2
CM1709-50.2960.8611.989Fe1.006S2
CM1709-6-0.6190.6791.974Fe1.013S2
CM17均值-2.08575.98002 152.5
p103tz5-2-1-3-0.288-1.6782.028Fe0.986S2
p103tz5-2-1-40.6010.8571.995Fe1.003S2
p103均值12.833316.50000.34871 993.5
十五中段CM2804-1-1.701-2.4402.015Fe0.993S2
CM2804-2-0.883-2.3892.031Fe0.985S2
CM2804-30.271-1.8092.042Fe0.979S2
CM2804-41.237-5.5642.144Fe0.933S2
CM2804-5-0.2530.1721.991Fe1.004S2
CM2804-6-1.046-1.1622.002Fe0.999S2
CM2804-7-0.748-1.1752.008Fe0.996S2
CM2805-10.7180.9991.994Fe1.003S2
CM2805-2-0.0320.6511.986Fe1.007S2
CM2802-1-1.987-1.1541.983Fe1.009S2
CM2802-2-22.3741.914Fe1.045S2
CM28均值2.93981.13481.00472 628

图7

黄铁矿Ni-Co图解(底图据Brill et al.,1989;Bajwah et al.,1987)"

图8

黄铁矿As-Co-Ni图解(底图据严育通等,2012)Ⅰ(Ⅱ)-岩浆热液型(火山热液型黄铁矿);Ⅲ-卡林型金矿黄铁矿;Ⅳ-变质热液型金矿黄铁矿"

图9

柴胡栏子金矿黄铁矿w(Au)-w(As)关系图(据Martin et al.,2005修改)"

图10

Ⅰ-5号矿体品位分布纵投影图"

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