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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 64-77.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.084

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

陕西龙头沟金矿黄铁矿标型特征及其找矿意义

寸小妮(),薛玉山,王瑜亮,刘新伟   

  1. 西安西北有色地质研究院有限公司,陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-05 修回日期:2022-10-27 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-03-27
  • 作者简介:寸小妮(1989-),女,陕西凤翔人,工程师,从事固体矿产勘查工作。7781329@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    西安西北有色地质研究院有限公司科研基金项目(2017J02)

Typomorphic Characteristics and Prospecting Significance of Pyrite in Longtougou Gold Deposit,Shaanxi Province

Xiaoni CUN(),Yushan XUE,Yuliang WANG,Xinwei LIU   

  1. Xi’an Northwest Nonferrous Geological Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Xi ’an 710054,Shaanxi,China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Revised:2022-10-27 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-03-27

摘要:

龙头沟金矿是南秦岭柞水—山阳矿集区内的一处中型金矿床,主要载金矿物为黄铁矿。通过对Ⅰ-1号和Ⅳ-1号主矿体的黄铁矿晶形及化学成分标型特征进行研究,结果表明:矿石矿物黄铁矿晶形较为简单,以五角十二面体占比最高,总体上晶形出现率由高到低依次为五角十二面体、聚形、立方体和八面体;1 160 m中段矿化最强,其次为1 080 m中段,五角十二面体黄铁矿载金性优于其他晶形;黄铁矿的S含量为52.71%~67.80%,平均值为55.79%,Fe含量为28.66%~45.33%,平均值为42.43%,总体为富硫亏铁型;Co/Ni比值介于1.38~13.33之间,平均值为2.88,Se含量约为4×10-4,S/Se比值介于0.76×103~5.39×103之间,表明龙头沟金矿为岩浆热液成因;晶形得分数XD值分别为0~-13.33、0.652~1.089,基本位于矿体中下部位。结合地表矿体出露和剥蚀情况,认为深度仍具有一定找矿潜力,尤其是主矿区155线以东1 080 m中段下部和矿区以西香沟地区仍有找矿潜力。

关键词: 黄铁矿, 晶形特征, 成分标型, 找矿预测, 岩浆热液型金矿床, 龙头沟金矿, 陕西省

Abstract:

Pyrite is the main gold-bearing mineral in Longtougou gold deposit.In this paper,the crystal morphology and chemical composition typomorphic characteristics of pyrite in Ⅰ-1 and Ⅳ-1 orebodies were studied from the perspective of minerals,and five points of insights were obtained.The research methods include optical thin section observation under microscope,electron probe,energy spectrum analysis,etc.The results show that the crystal morphology of pyrite in the study area is relatively simple,and pentagonal dodecahedron crystal morphology occupies the highest proportion.In general,the probability of pyrite crystal morphology from high to low is pentagonal dodecahedron,poly,cube and octahedron.The 1 160 m middle section of the study area is the most mineralized section,and the 1 080 m section is the secondary mineralized section,and pentagonal dodecahedral pyrite is superior to other crystal morphology in gold bearing.The w(S)is 52.71% to 67.80%,with an average of 55.79%,and the w(Fe) is 28.66% to 45.33%,with an average of 42.43% in pyrite.In general,the pyrite in this area is sulfur-rich and iron-deficient.Co/Ni values range from 1.383 to 13.333,with an average value of 2.88,w(Se) is about 4×10-4,and S/Se ratios range from 0.76×103 to 5.39×103,indicating that the formation of Longtougou gold deposit is related to volcanic hydrothermal genesis.The score X of crystal morphology and D value range from 0 to -13.33 and 0.6520 to 1.1345 respectively,indicating that the ore body is basically located in the middle and lower part,that is,the engineering control section of the mineralization area is still in the middle and shallow part.There is still prospecting potential in the east of line 131 below 1 080 m middle level and Xianggou area to the west of Longtougou gold area.

Key words: pyrite, crystal morphology characteristic, composition typomorphic, prospecting prediction, magmatic hydrothermal gold deposit, Longtougou gold deposit, Shaanxi Province

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

龙头沟金矿区域地质及矿区地质简图(a)秦岭造山带位置(修改自胡西顺等,2005);(b)区域矿产构造简图(修改自胡西顺等,2005);(c)龙头沟矿区地质简图(修改自刘新伟,2011)1.北秦岭褶皱带;2.南秦岭褶皱带;3.北大巴山构造区;4.中泥盆统古道岭组;5.中泥盆统大枫沟组;6.大枫沟组上段上亚段;7.大枫沟组上段下亚段;8.大枫沟组下段上亚段;9.大枫沟组下段下亚段;10.中泥盆统石家沟组;11.新元古代正长花岗岩;12.三叠纪花岗岩;13.印支期花岗闪长岩;14.二叠纪花岗岩;15.辉绿岩脉;16.侵入角砾岩;17.断层;18.地质界限;19.金矿床(点);20.断裂破碎带;21.矿体及编号;22.研究区位置"

表1

研究区样品采集位置及特征"

样品编号采样位置岩性矿体编号
LT-1PD1200-7线重晶石石英脉
LT-2PD1200-15线黄铁矿化重晶石石英脉
LT-3PD12200-23线黄铁矿化重晶石石英脉
LT-4PD1200-31线黄铁矿化重晶石石英脉
LT-5PD1200-55线黄铁矿化方解石石英脉
LT-61200E-71线褐铁矿化石英脉
LT-71200E-63线褐铁矿化石英脉
LT-81160-0线褐铁矿化石英脉
LT-91160-9线黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-101160-15线黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-111160-27线褐铁矿化石英脉
LT-121160-35线黄铁矿化重晶石石英脉
LT-131120-127线黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-141120-CM131重晶石黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-151120-CM151黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-161120-CM163黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-171120-CM171重晶石化黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-181080-CM135黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-191080-CM127线黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-201080-CM157黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-211080-CM149黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-221160E-CM63黄铁矿化重晶石石英脉
LT-231160E-CM71黄铁矿化石英脉
LT-241160E-CM95N黄铁矿化石英脉
KPH367ZK15501金矿体
KPH240ZK13101金矿体

图2

龙头沟金矿黄铁矿标本及镜下照片Py-黄铁矿;Ccp-黄铜矿;Au-自然金"

图3

龙头沟金矿黄铁矿晶形分布统计直方图"

图4

黄铁矿晶形照片及其空间变化特征"

表2

龙头沟金矿Ⅳ-1号矿体黄铁矿组分及晶体化学式"

样品编号标高/mw(Fe)/%w(S)/%晶体化学式
Lt-18-03-Py1 08044.4853.82Fe0.945S2
Lt-18-01-Py1 08044.9853.85Fe0.955S2
Lt-19-01-Py1 08037.2160.86Fe0.699S2
Lt-20-01-Py1 08039.3358.95Fe0.762S2
Lt-20-03-Py1 08037.9859.49Fe0.729S2
Lt-20-02-Py1 08039.7759.69Fe0.761S2
Lt-21-02-Py1 08043.9353.92Fe0.931S2
Lt-21-01-Py1 08044.6454.13Fe0.942S2
Lt-21-01-Py1 08044.8753.93Fe0.951S2
Lt-19-02-Py1 08032.0065.25Fe0.560S2
Lt-19-02-Py1 08028.6667.80Fe0.483S2
Lt-13-03-Py1 12043.6653.51Fe0.932S2
Lt-14-02-Py1 12043.7053.95Fe0.926S2
Lt-14-01-Py1 12044.4653.35Fe0.952S2
Lt-15-01-Py1 12042.1455.72Fe0.864S2
Lt-15-02-Py1 12043.8355.91Fe0.896S2
Lt-15-04-Py1 12042.1655.81Fe0.863S2
Lt-15-05-Py1 12044.9452.71Fe0.974S2
Lt-16-01-Py1 12045.1353.11Fe0.971S2
Lt-17-01-Py1 12044.7453.38Fe0.958S2
Lt-17-03-Py1 12045.1253.19Fe0.969S2
Lt-22-01-Py1 16045.3353.42Fe0.969S2
Lt-22-03-Py1 16045.2753.57Fe0.966S2
Lt-23-01-Py1 16045.0653.96Fe0.954S2
Lt-23-02-Py1 16044.9653.46Fe0.961S2
Lt-24-03-Py1 16044.7953.71Fe0.953S2

表3

龙头沟金矿Ⅳ号矿体黄铁矿电子探针显微分析(EPMA)结果"

样品编号

采样标高

/m

晶形w(B)/%总计
AsSeCuNiCoFeAuSAgSbTe
LT-15-11 120碎裂他形0.010.010.030.020.0746.130.0253.910.03--100.21
LT-15-21 120五角十二面体0.06-0.020.020.0246.930.0253.610.04-0.05100.77
LT-24-11 160碎裂他形0.55-0.01-0.0246.67-53.940.01--101.19
LT-24-21 160碎裂他形--0.010.020.0846.810.0654.53-0.02-101.52
LT-14-11 120立方体0.28-0.030.000.0145.10-52.870.020.02-98.33
LT-14-21 120立方体-0.07--0.0644.570.0853.45-0.000.0298.24
LT-20-11 080立方体1.15-0.01-0.0545.600.0553.090.020.010.01100.00
LT-20-21 080八面体0.17-0.010.000.0546.330.0353.990.020.00-100.60
LT-4-11 200碎裂他形--0.010.010.0346.22-54.210.010.000.01100.50

图5

龙头沟金矿黄铁矿背散射扫描图(a)、(b)黄铁矿背散射面扫描(黑白);(c)、(d)黄铁矿背散射面扫描(彩色)"

图6

黄铁矿各类晶形标高分布直方图"

表4

不同金矿床黄铁矿五角十二面体和立方体晶形含金性统计结果"

矿床产地黄铁矿晶形w(Au)/(×10-6矿床产地黄铁矿晶形w(Au)/(×10-6
早子沟金矿五角十二面体2.03小秦岭地区五角十二面体含金量高
立方体<0.10立方体<2.00
太白庙金矿五角十二面体227.90团结沟金矿五角十二面体最高达466.6
立方体100.41立方体含金量低
陕西卡林型金矿五角十二面体为主70.20~149.50耿庄金矿五角十二面体为主64.60~105.00
立方体7.83~13.10立方体<4.00
大麻花金矿五角十二面体为主70.00义兴寨金矿五角十二面体为主>100,最高450
立方体含金量低立方体<30.00

图7

龙头沟—宽坪沟金矿Ⅳ矿体五角十二面体黄铁矿粒度变化散点图"

表5

黄铁矿样品的n(Au)/n(Ag)值及D值"

样品编号采样标高/mn(Au)/n(Ag)D
LT-14、LT-151 1200.91270.8947
LT-241 1601.64291.0890
LT-41 20000.6520

表6

龙头沟金矿Ⅳ-1号矿体晶形得分数值"

样品编号取样位置晶粒数量/个晶体数(分子)/晶体总数的百分比(分母)晶形得分数(X
LT-18Ⅳ:1080-cm135301/302/3019/301/300-10.00
LT-21Ⅳ:1080-cm149301/301/103/500-13.33
LT-19Ⅳ:1080-cm127301/3007/1500-3.33

图8

龙头沟金矿黄铁矿Co/Ni比值图解(底图修改自赵振华等,2019)①沉积区;②沉积改造区;③岩浆;④热液区"

图9

龙头沟—宽坪沟矿区五角十二面体黄铁矿粒径变化图1.坑道;2.钻孔;3.采样点;4.粒径等值线"

图10

龙头沟金矿及周边地区遥感构造解译图1.遥感解译断裂及其编号;2.遥感解译推测断裂和隐伏断裂及其编号;3.遥感解译环形构造及编号"

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