甘肃北山华窑山一带1/5万水系沉积物地球化学特征及金、钨找矿远景

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.04.031

Abstract

Abstract:

As an important geological prospecting method，geochemical survey has been widely used in regional mineral prospect survey with its fast and efficient characteristics，and has achieved good geological prospecting results.At present，the main methods used include river sediment survey，soil survey，rock survey，etc.The southern belt of Beishan，Gansu Province，is an important metallogenic belt in the Beishan area of Gansu Province，belonging to the arid desert Gobi landscape area，with poor natural conditions and low degree of geological work.In the area，the development of river system is generally short，and the primary and secondary river systems are the main ones. The river sediment can well reflect the mineralization information in the catchment area. The 1∶50 000 stream sediment survey was carried out in the selected blocks in the research area，and the content information of 14 elements in the research area was obtained，such as Au，Ag，Cu，Pb，Zn，Co，Ni，Hg，Sb，As，Mo，W，Sn，Bi. The obtained geochemical data were processed in combination with the strata，structure，and distribution of magmatic rocks in the research area.The elements in the research area have obvious classification characteristics，in which Au，Ag，As，Sb，Hg are a group of medium-low temperature hydrothermal elements，Cu，Pb，Zn，Mo，Ni，Co are a group of medium-high temperature hydrothermal elements and basic elements in basic and ultrabasic rocks，which are related to hydrothermal activities and basic and ultrabasic dikes controlled by NW and NE trending fault structures in the research area.W，Sn and Bi are a group of high-temperature element combinations，representing W mineralization in the research area.According to the distribution characteristics of the elements and the geological background，five comprehensive anomalies were delineated in the research area，including two Class B1 anomalies，two Class B2 anomalies，and one Class C3 anomaly. Through the general inspection and key inspection of the anomalies，Huayaoshan tungsten deposit was found in the HS-3 anomaly，and Dakouzi Dongshan tungsten deposit and Huayaoshan toxic placer deposit were found in the HS-4 anomaly.In the research area，three prospecting prospects with tungsten ore as the main ore were divided.It shows that the measurement of stream sediment has good geological prospecting effect in the southern belt of Beishan，and provides basic data for further geological prospecting work in the research area. At the same time，combined with the geological prospecting results in the southern belt of Beishan in recent years，the authors comprehensively analyzed the metallogenic geological background，metallogenic environment，mineralization，and metallogenic law in the research area，and put forward new prospecting directions and suggestions for the next step，which has reference significance for carrying out mineral prospecting in the arid desert Gobi natural landscape area of Beishan in Gansu Province.

Key words: stream sediment measurement, geochemical characteristics, prospecting potential, comprehensive anomaly, arid Gobi desert region, Gansu Province

CLC Number:

P618.51

Zhen WANG, Zhenxi YANG, Haiyun CHEN, Chenghao FANG, Xinxiang FAN. Geochemical Characteristics of 1∶50 000 Stream Sediments and Prospecting Potential of Gold and Tungsten in Huayaoshan Area，Beishan，Gansu Province[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2023, 31(4): 546-559.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Table 1

Parameters of average value，concentration ratio，variation coefficient and superposition coefficient of elements in stream sediments of each geological unit in Huayaoshan area"

地质单元	Au		Ag		Cu		Pb		Zn		Hg		Sb		样品数
地质单元	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	样品数
Q	0.779	0.623	0.056	0.900	27.475	1.450	28.350	1.570	60.825	1.140	4.904	0.312	0.671	1.020
ArPtD_C	2.934	2.350	0.071	1.150	43.636	2.300	31.529	1.740	100.470	1.880	5.950	0.379	1.182	1.790	696
ArPtD_B	0.673	0.538	0.064	1.030	23.965	1.260	23.486	1.300	59.705	1.120	4.909	0.312	0.708	1.070	179
ArPtD_A	0.664	0.531	0.048	0.774	24.722	1.300	18.529	1.020	47.614	0.890	4.110	0.262	0.770	1.170	143
νS	0.465	0.372	0.063	1.020	18.000	0.949	23.730	1.310	45.825	0.856	3.905	0.248	0.413	0.627	28
ηγP	0.545	0.436	0.058	0.935	16.557	0.873	27.133	1.500	36.173	0.676	4.878	0.310	0.788	1.200	217
地质单元	As		Co		Ni		W		Sn		Mo		Bi		样品数
地质单元	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	C	K_K	样品数
Q	9.372	0.987	10.937	1.130	22.500	1.250	2.634	1.992	4.375	2.320	1.241	1.580	1.073	4.290
ArPtD_C	17.530	1.850	18.991	1.960	34.825	1.930	11.519	8.750	3.227	1.710	2.363	3.010	0.961	3.840	696
ArPtD_B	6.023	0.635	9.385	0.968	19.638	1.090	3.549	2.690	2.369	1.260	1.116	1.420	0.387	1.550	179
ArPtD_A	3.774	0.398	9.508	0.980	19.233	1.070	1.934	1.470	1.656	0.878	0.907	1.160	0.175	0.700	143
νS	1.941	0.204	12.100	1.250	29.165	1.620	1.259	0.956	2.941	1.560	0.468	0.596	0.489	1.960	28
ηγP	5.955	0.627	5.833	0.601	11.807	0.654	7.955	6.040	3.264	1.730	0.725	0.924	0.834	3.340	217
地质单元	Au		Ag		Cu		Pb		Zn		Hg		Sb		样品数
地质单元	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	样品数
Q	47.000	120.000	31.500	1.000	46.600	2.380	66.500	4.820	59.300	1.000	39.300	1.000	45.300	1.000
ArPtD_C	41.000	39.800	35.200	1.000	49.000	1.190	36.800	1.500	71.000	2.550	42.400	1.070	57.100	1.780	696
ArPtD_B	56.000	1.440	45.500	1.500	48.500	1.350	36.800	1.000	54.200	1.000	37.700	2.600	77.800	1.300	179
ArPtD_A	111.300	8.880	23.200	1.000	44.200	2.430	28.900	1.210	43.500	1.450	19.100	1.530	115.000	3.220	143
νS	24.400	1.000	18.800	1.000	21.700	2.100	17.900	1.000	29.800	1.000	19.900	1.000	79.400	29.100	28
ηγP	49.900	2.330	85.400	6.000	38.900	1.250	25.600	1.320	54.300	1.720	55.700	3.920	141.900	2.670	217
地质单元	As		Co		Ni		W		Sn		Mo		Bi		样品数
地质单元	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	C_V	D	样品数
Q	89.700	1.350	63.100	1.000	50.500	1.000	73.400	1.630	67.500	1.000	67.000	1.000	51.600	1.500
ArPtD_C	83.800	1.000	48.100	1.330	34.800	1.320	249.100	21.110	85.600	4.880	61.900	1.400	63.900	1.380	696
ArPtD_B	122.600	3.500	60.400	1.020	50.200	1.000	177.400	12.990	59.500	2.030	55.100	1.000	72.400	1.150	179
ArPtD_A	63.700	2.630	40.300	1.330	43.800	1.000	132.300	4.710	129.600	5.390	79.800	1.860	106.500	5.260	143
νS	34.900	7.200	77.400	1.000	135.400	1.000	86.900	10.200	29.500	1.000	29.100	9.800	61.800	1.000	28
ηγP	101.100	1.880	48.100	1.270	59.900	1.230	635.800	72.100	179.300	4.520	94.500	2.850	68.600	1.000	217

Table 1

Fig.2

Table 2

Fig.3

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.4

Table 5

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 6

Fig.7

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异常编号	元素组合	异常分类	目标矿种	区域化探异常对应特征
HS-1	W、Au、Sn、Ag、As	乙₂	钨、金	与白钨矿、毒砂重砂异常重叠，异常区发现零星白钨矿化
HS-2	W、Sn、Au、Ag	丙₃	钨
HS-3	W、Au、Pb、Zn、Cu、Ag、Mo、Co、Ni、As、Hg	乙₁	钨、金、砷	与白钨矿、重晶石重砂异常重叠，发现华窑山钨矿
HS-4	W、Au、Mo、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Sb、Ni、Ag、Hg	乙₁	钨、金、砷	与毒砂、白钨矿重砂异常重叠，发现大口子东山钨矿、华窑山毒砂矿
HS-5	W、Sn、Bi、Zn、Sb	乙₂	钨、锡、金	与白钨矿、锡石重砂异常重叠

元素组合	异常强度		异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
元素组合	平均值	最高值	异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
W2	75.690	745.120	5.03	5.83	29.33	内、中、外
Au1	11.960	90.100	2.15	8.19	17.61	内、中、外
Sn1	16.760	83.090	2.20	2.10	4.61	内、中、外
Ag1	0.231	0.746	1.92	2.31	4.44	内、中、外
As1	73.790	99.160	1.08	2.67	2.88	中、外

元素组合	异常强度		异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
元素组合	平均值	最高值	异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
Au4	2.530	123.300	8.070	1.73	13.98	内、中、外
Au8	4.780	24.800	0.980	3.27	3.21	内、中、外
Au9	2.480	4.200	1.106	1.70	1.88	中、外
Ag3	0.146	0.212	0.818	1.46	1.19	中、外
Ag7	0.160	0.325	1.250	1.61	2.01	中、外
As2	47.170	68.910	0.766	1.70	1.31	中、外
As4	42.530	59.520	2.198	1.54	3.38	中、外
As5	55.950	123.260	1.523	2.02	3.08	内、中、外
W4	40.570	86.220	1.064	3.13	3.33	内、中、外
W5	28.440	127.230	2.089	2.19	4.58	内、中、外
W6	32.540	174.770	1.386	2.51	3.47	内、中、外
W9	57.120	242.060	2.172	4.40	9.56	内、中、外
W10	35.800	151.720	5.336	2.76	14.72	内、中、外
Cu2	70.480	134.400	3.441	1.39	4.77	中、外
Cu5	95.770	181.600	1.542	1.88	2.90	中、外
Cu6	89.930	180.300	3.219	1.77	5.69	中、外
Pb1	81.600	154.000	1.228	1.82	2.23	中、外
Pb4	93.330	205.900	1.228	2.08	2.55	内、中、外
Zn1	237.000	566.900	3.820	1.89	7.23	内、中、外

元素组合	异常强度		异常面积S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
元素组合	平均值	最高值	异常面积S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
Au5	5.350	61.90	6.106	3.66	22.370	内、中、外
Au6	2.300	4.50	3.143	1.58	4.950	中、外
As3	41.570	68.54	6.890	1.50	10.350	中、外
Sb2	3.380	6.63	4.550	1.51	6.870	中、外
Cu3	69.880	124.30	3.265	1.37	4.490	外
Cu4	69.800	90.90	1.908	1.37	2.620	外
Pb3	66.740	138.70	2.760	1.48	4.100	中、外
Zn4	184.700	383.70	2.490	1.47	3.670	中、外
W7	45.970	201.32	2.720	3.54	9.630	内、中、外
W8	85.540	1 401.06	14.03	6.59	92.460	内、中、外
Mo3	4.495	9.67	7.060	1.62	11.420	中、外
Mo4	3.470	3.77	0.501	1.25	0.625	外
Mo5	3.750	5.15	1.050	1.35	1.420	外

元素组合	异常强度		异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
元素组合	平均值	最高值	异常面积 S/km²	衬度（CZ=X/T）	异常规模（CZ·S）	异常分带
Zn5	169.99	249.60	2.334	1.36	3.17	外
W11	89.07	839.86	2.413	6.86	16.56	内、中、外
W12	33.52	65.03	0.601	2.58	1.55	内、中、外
Sn4	24.78	475.60	23.960	3.10	74.22	内、中、外
Bi1	3.60	6.39	9.848	1.40	13.80	中、外
Sb4	12.21	120.50	4.185	5.45	22.81	内、中、外

Geochemical Characteristics of 1∶50 000 Stream Sediments and Prospecting Potential of Gold and Tungsten in Huayaoshan Area，Beishan，Gansu Province

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