单向受限应力下镐型截齿破岩特性及其影响因素分析

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.05.009

Abstract

Abstract:

With the gradual depletion of shallow resources，deep mining is an inevitable trend. However，the traditional drilling and blasting method has been difficult to meet the requirements of continuous，large-scale，safe，efficient and green resource exploitation in deep mining. Non-explosive mechanized mining based on cutting tool rock breaking will be one of the main alternative methods for deep mining. The cuttability of deep hard rock is the key factor to determine the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking. Therefore，we carried out the rock breaking experiment by conical pick and studied the rock cuttability under different confining pressures and rock properties. The experiment was performed on the TRW-3000 true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo test system designed and manufactured by Central South University. The system can simulate the stress conditions under uniaxial，biaxial and triaxial confining stress conditions. The maximum static load applied in X，Y and Z directions is 2 000 kN，2 000 kN and 3 000 kN respectively. The rock samples utilized in this experiment are granite，marble，red sandstone and phosphate rock，all of which are cubic rock samples with the size of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm. In order to simulate the stress on the pillar to be mined，uniaxial confining pressure was applied to the rock sample on the Y-axis. The range of confining pressure of granite and marble is 0~120 MPa，that of red sandstone is 0~90 MPa，and that of phosphate rock is 0~100 MPa. Then，the rock breakage load is applied to rock specimen by conical pick through Z-axis，so as to cut the rock sample vertically. In the whole experiment process，the system recorded the load change on rock in the loading process automatically. According to the curve change，the peak indentation force and corresponding penetration depth of the pick were obtained，and the cutting work required for rock breaking could be obtained. Then，the specific energy of rock breaking could be calculated according to the cutting work and the volume of the spalling rock block. In addition，according to the ISRM standards，the uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength of four types of rocks were obtained by uniaxial compression test and Brazilian splitting test. Then，the brittleness index of rock was obtained. The uniaxial compressive strength，brittleness index，peak indentation force and specific energy were normalized. Through regression analysis，the regression models of the relationships among the peak indentation force，rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions，as well as the relationships among specific energy，rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions were obtained. Finally，the entropy weight method was used to evaluate the influence weights of rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions on the peak indentation force and specific energy. Through the above experimental study，regression analysis，and the weight determination，the necessary theoretical basis can be provided for the feasibility evaluation of non-explosive mechanized mining and the design of rock breaking parameter in deep mine. This study has important guiding significance for the realization of non-explosive mechanized mining in deep hard rock.

Key words: deep mining, non-explosive mechanized mining, rock breakage, uniaxial confining stress, rock cuttability, entropy weight method

CLC Number:

TD80

Yu TANG,Shaofeng WANG. Analysis on Rock Breakage Characteristic and Its Influence Factors of Conical Pick Under Uniaxial Confining Stress[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(5): 669-679.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Mechanical properties of rocks"

岩石样本	单轴抗压强度 $σ c / M P a$	单轴抗拉强度 $σ t / M P a$	脆性指数 $B 1$	脆性指数 $B 2$
花岗岩	126.24	7.56	16.698	0.887
大理岩	129.22	6.18	20.909	0.909
红砂岩	97.79	5.31	18.416	0.897
磷矿石	106.21	5.24	20.269	0.906

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 2

R2 and RMSE of regression models"

评价指标	非无量纲化回归模型				无量纲化回归模型
	脆性指数1		脆性指数2		脆性指数1		脆性指数2
	F_c/kN	E_c/（10^-3J·cm^-3）	F_c/kN	E_c/（10^-3J·cm^-3）	F_c/F₀	E_c/E₀	F_c/F₀	E_c/E₀
$R 2$	0.8039	0.8695	0.7845	0.8573	0.8719	0.8490	0.8110	0.8235
$R M S E$	27.14	924.69	28.46	966.98	2.17	19.37	2.64	32.29

Table 2

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 3

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影响权重	非无量纲回归模型		无量纲回归模型
影响权重	脆性指数1	脆性指数2	脆性指数1	脆性指数2
岩石性质	0.459	0.450	0.461	0.452
受限应力条件	0.541	0.550	0.539	0.548

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Analysis on Rock Breakage Characteristic and Its Influence Factors of Conical Pick Under Uniaxial Confining Stress

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