The factors such as stress conditions，ore-rock properties and breakage parameters significantly affect the cutting characteristics of deep hard rock，which are also the key factors to determine the successful application of non-explosive mechanized mining. According to the three types of stress conditions of biaxial （single-face excavation），uniaxial （pillar） and low or even unconfined stress （excavation damage zone around pillar） on the rock mass near the mining operation surface，the influences of the above three types of stress conditions on the static and coupled static-dynamic rock breakage characteristics using a conical pick were systematically investigated. Combined with the established peak force theory and regression model of rock fragmentation using a conical pick，it is found that the hard rock has safe and efficient breakage performance under the conditions of low or no confining pressure. According to the process and mechanism of rock burst induced by the disturbance of rock fragmentation using conical pick under high uniaxial confining stress，the mechanism of rock burst induced by mining disturbance in high stress pillar was revealed. The effects of artificially induced defects，such as loading/unloading-induced damage，pre-slitting and pre-drilling，on rock breakage characteristics using a conical pick were investigated. The results show that the artificially induced defects can effectively improve the cuttability of hard rock，and a complete set of methods for improving the cuttability of hard rock were obtained. A variety of mechanized methods for rock breakage have been tested in the mining field，and a rotary vibration continuous cutting equipment based on pre-slitting in hard ore-rock for stress relief and usage of coupled static-dynamic rock breakage have been proposed. The above research results can provide theoretical basis and field practice experience for the large-scale non-explosive mechanized mining in deep hard rock mine.
Wulong gold deposit is the largest quartz vein type gold deposit in the Liaodong gold district.The accumulated proven gold resources are more than 80 tons with an average grade of 5.35×10-6.The fault structure is well developed and magmatic activity is widespread in the Wulong gold deposit，thus it has good metallogenic potential.Wulong gold deposit has been mined for many years，the gold reserve is reducing steadily，so it is urgent to find deep concealed gold resources.The physical properties of different rocks have been tested and analyzed in Wulong mining area，which show that their resistivities are significantly different，and they have the geophysical prerequisites for prospecting and exploration.EH4 magnetotelluric method is one of the advanced techniques in geophysical exploration system，especially in ore-control structure and metallogenic prediction.In this study，the EH4 magnetotelluric method was used，and sounding data acquisition and two-dimensional inversion calculations were carried out on the east and west sides of Wulong gold deposit.Three EH4 measuring lines of No.100，No.1000，and No.1050 were laid out on the east and west sides of the Wulong gold deposit.The lengths of these EH4 measuring lines are 1 000 m，800 m，and 800 m，respectively.Specifically，the line of No.100 on the east side is mainly used to detect the NNE-trending 100# fault，while the lines of No.1000 and No.1050 on the west side are mainly used to detect the NNE-trending Jixingou fault.The scalar TM mode was adopted in the EH4 test work in Wulong gold deposit.On the basis of the above work，we first check the original measurement data，then perform computer processing，and finally draw the EH4 2D inversion profile.The EH4 two-dimensional inversion profile has effectively identified the 100# fault and Jixingou fault on the east and west sides of the Wulong gold deposit with vertical extensions exceeding 1 000 m.In addition，field geological observations and tunnel or drilling projects showed that there is obvious gold mineralization on the surface and shallow parts of these fault zones，which indicated that these fault structures （100# fault and Jixingou fault） play an important role in the Wulong gold mineralization.The results of this study show that the EH4 magnetotelluric method is effective in the study of ore-controlling structure and metallogenic prediction in the Wulong gold deposit.The eastern，western and deep areas of the Wulong gold deposit have quite good prospecting potential，which points out the direction for the further prospecting.
With the popularization and application of Surpac and other 3D mining software，more and more exploration projects use 3D mining software to prepare the estimation reports of solid mineral resources. Although the solid mineral resource estimation report compiled with 3D mining software is much faster than the traditional 2D method of resource reserve estimation to some extent，it also faces the problem of manual operation steps，inconsistent estimation process，and difficult matching between estimation results and specification requirements. In order to improve the calculation efficiency and make the results meet the specification requirements，a semi-automatic method for solid mineral resource estimation has been developed in compliance with “Regulations of Solid Mineral Resources Estimation”. The development of this semi-automatic resource estimation method has been based on the secondary development technology which is provided by Surpac software. This new method has been developed by summarizing，from various geological exploration projects，the layouts of different types of exploration test locations as well as the characteristics and spatial distribution of the orebody. From this work，a set of instance data that can cover various exploration situations was then prepared as the objects of research. This new method is combined with the characteristics of the Resource Estimation Report prepared by Surpac 3D mining software，it has developed a technical process of mineral resource estimation using 3D mining software and in accordance with the specification requirements. Through computer programming，most of the operations in the process can be implemented by the developed program. Except for cross section interpretation and solid modeling which still needs manual operation，all of the other steps including entry of raw data，establishment of geological database，statistics of mineral grade，process of especially high mineral grade，estimation and validation of the block models，mineral resource estimation reporting，generating drawings and so on can be carried out using the automatic procedures. Therefore，the overall work for estimation of solid mineral resources has reached a degree of semi-automation.The three-dimensional resource and reserve estimation of Bayan Baolege silver-polymetallic ore in Alu Kerqinqi of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is completed by the semi-automatic method.Dozens of silver and zinc orebodies are interpreted，the statistical summary of geological characteristics，resource estimation report and drawings of all mineral bodies are automatically completed，and the drawing of 36 geological section profiles，10 horizontal section drawings and 12 vertical longitudinal projection drawings in the mining area are completed automatically within 1/2 days. The geological block method is used to caculate and verify the No.1 main orebody. The relative deviation of the estimation results of the two methods is within a reasonable range. The estimation results show that the results are reliable and meet the specification requirements.The estimation time is greatly reduced，significantly improving the estimation work efficiency and creating good economic benefits.
Aiming at the stability analysis of dump slope，a PCA-PSO-ELM dump slope stability prediction model is proposed in this paper，which uses principal component analysis method to reduce data redundancy and particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the weight threshold of extreme learning machine. Eight prediction indexes of dump stability were determined in this model，including soil cohesion，internal friction angle，dump slope angle，foundation bearing capacity，seismic intensity，rainfall and snowfall conditions，dumping technology and random mining and digging conditions.According to 100 groups of corresponding dump data，training time，RMSE value and determination coefficient R2 were used to evaluate and compare the validity of prediction results of PCA-PSO-ELM model，BP neural network model，ELM model and PSO-ELM model.The research results show that as the input variable to train and test the PSO-ELM network model，the dump stability sample data processed by PCA dimensionality reduction，made predicted value very close to the real value.The prediction accuracy and efficiency are not only higher than the ELM algorithm，but also far better than the traditional BP neural network algorithm.Compared with the PSO-ELM model without PCA treatment，the PSO-ELM model optimized by PCA method can significantly shorten the calculation time on the basis of little difference in efficiency，which proves that the method has certain practical value.
With the gradual depletion of shallow resources，deep mining is an inevitable trend. However，the traditional drilling and blasting method has been difficult to meet the requirements of continuous，large-scale，safe，efficient and green resource exploitation in deep mining. Non-explosive mechanized mining based on cutting tool rock breaking will be one of the main alternative methods for deep mining. The cuttability of deep hard rock is the key factor to determine the non-explosive mechanical rock breaking. Therefore，we carried out the rock breaking experiment by conical pick and studied the rock cuttability under different confining pressures and rock properties. The experiment was performed on the TRW-3000 true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo test system designed and manufactured by Central South University. The system can simulate the stress conditions under uniaxial，biaxial and triaxial confining stress conditions. The maximum static load applied in X，Y and Z directions is 2 000 kN，2 000 kN and 3 000 kN respectively. The rock samples utilized in this experiment are granite，marble，red sandstone and phosphate rock，all of which are cubic rock samples with the size of 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm. In order to simulate the stress on the pillar to be mined，uniaxial confining pressure was applied to the rock sample on the Y-axis. The range of confining pressure of granite and marble is 0~120 MPa，that of red sandstone is 0~90 MPa，and that of phosphate rock is 0~100 MPa. Then，the rock breakage load is applied to rock specimen by conical pick through Z-axis，so as to cut the rock sample vertically. In the whole experiment process，the system recorded the load change on rock in the loading process automatically. According to the curve change，the peak indentation force and corresponding penetration depth of the pick were obtained，and the cutting work required for rock breaking could be obtained. Then，the specific energy of rock breaking could be calculated according to the cutting work and the volume of the spalling rock block. In addition，according to the ISRM standards，the uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength of four types of rocks were obtained by uniaxial compression test and Brazilian splitting test. Then，the brittleness index of rock was obtained. The uniaxial compressive strength，brittleness index，peak indentation force and specific energy were normalized. Through regression analysis，the regression models of the relationships among the peak indentation force，rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions，as well as the relationships among specific energy，rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions were obtained. Finally，the entropy weight method was used to evaluate the influence weights of rock strength characteristics and confining stress conditions on the peak indentation force and specific energy. Through the above experimental study，regression analysis，and the weight determination，the necessary theoretical basis can be provided for the feasibility evaluation of non-explosive mechanized mining and the design of rock breaking parameter in deep mine. This study has important guiding significance for the realization of non-explosive mechanized mining in deep hard rock.
As a special soil，red clay is widely distributed in some areas of China.Due to the engineering problems such as slope cracking，subgrade subsidence and insufficient foundation bearing capacity，the strength characteristics of red clay is one of the main problems concerned by engineers，and the stability of red clay is closely related to safety production.In order to explore the influence of water content on the repeated shear strength of red clay，the repeated direct shear test was carried out on remolded red clay in Changzhi area of Shanxi Province.Because the water content of undisturbed soil in this area is between 17.0% and 23.7%，and the plastic limit water content is 20.34%，considering the law of test results and the influence of plastic limit，soil samples with five water contents of 15.0%，18.0%，19.5%，21.0% and 24.0% were prepared for test.The test results show that when no vertical pressure is applied， repeated direct shear is conducted on the sample，and the test is stopped when the sample’s strength gradually stabilizes.When there is no vertical pressure，the shear strength decreases and tends to be stable with the increase of shear times.The displacement of secondary shear to shear strength is less than that of the first shear，and the stable shear displacement is greater than that of the first shear.In the process of shearing，the shear strength has a negative linear relationship with the water content.When there is no vertical pressure，the shear strength is equal to the cohesion，and the shear strength is defined as the true cohesion.The vertical pressure of 50，100，150 and 200 kPa was applied to carry out the direct shear test.When there is vertical pressure，the shear strength decreases with the increase of water content.The internal friction angle and cohesion of shear strength index were obtained by physical expression fitting，and compared with the internal friction angle obtained by true cohesion and no vertical pressure.The internal friction angle obtained by the two kinds of analysis is basically close，and decreases with the increase of water content，and the decreasing range gradually increases.Due to the dilatancy effect in the test process，the true cohesion first increases and then decreases with the increase of water content，and the cohesion first decreases and then increases with the increase of water content.The contrast analysis shows that the difference of cohesion is obvious，so the difference index ratio of cohesion and true cohesion with vertical pressure is 0.75~9.96，and the change rule of the difference index ratio of cohesion is the same as the fitting cohesion，and the difference index ratio reaches the minimum when the water content is 19.5%.The empirical formula can provide some reference for the reasonable selection of soil parameters in the process of geotechnical investigation，design and excavation of mines in red clay area.
Rockburst as a common ground pressure disaster in deep mining，always affect the safety of underground staff，its unique suddenness makes the evaluation of rock explosion tendency become a subject that countless scholars continue to explore.Mathematical methods are widely used in this field.Distance judgment analysis is applied to academic and engineering by many scholars with its unique judgment algorithm.In order to scientifically and effectively apply the distance discriminant analysis method to evaluate the deep rockburst tendency grade of a certain mine，brought together a large number of domestic and international mine rock burst data，and combined with the mine deep situation，six rock burst tendency index were determined.9 sites were selected to be tested at the mine， and the aesthetic experiment was carried out to obtain the rockbrust index of the location of the belt.The Mahalanobis distance theory was used to establish a judgment criterion to determine rock burst tendency of the test data，and the accuracy of the judgment criterion was tested by the back-substitution misjudgment rate and the cross misjudgment rate.The evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation of the mine.The results show thatthe tendency of rockbrust at the site of X2，X3，X4，X5，X7，X8 and X9 to be measured at a metal mine is in the slight level of rockbrust grade，the tendency of rockbrust at the site of X6 is in the medium level of rockbrust grade，the tendency of rockbrust at the site of X1 is in the high level of rockbrust grade.The actual situation of the mine shows that high rockbrust phenomenon occur at the site of X1.Research shows the method has good applicability and effectiveness in the evaluation of mine rockburst tendency.
Aiming at the problems of low oxygen enrichment efficiency and serious waste of oxygen resources in the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme of mechanized tunneling roadway in plateau mine，a new type of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme was proposed. Based on the ANSYS-Fluent numerical simulation software，a comparison test was designed for the tunneling roadway of a metal mine at an altitude of 4 000 m，its goal is to increase the oxygen concentration in the aerobic area of the tunneling roadway to 26%. The differences of oxygen enrichment diffusion and oxygen spatial distribution between traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme and the sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme were analyzed. In order to evaluate the oxygen enrichment capacity of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation and traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，two indexes of target oxygen enrichment deviation and oxygen-enrichment transport efficiency were introduced. The results were as follows：Firstly，compared with the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，the sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation transferred the oxygen-enriched focus from the front area of the roadway without oxygen enriched demand to the middle and rear area of the roadway with higher oxygen-enriched demand. The oxygen enriched time was reduced from more than 5 min to 3 min，the oxygen concentration in the aerobic zone of the middle and end section of the roadway were increased from 22.1% and 24.3% to 24.6% and 25.5%，the oxygen enriched diffusion rate and diffusion range were elevated significantly，the defects of traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation，such as slow diffusion of oxygen enrichment，narrow range of oxygen enri-chment and insufficient oxygen enrichment in the middle and rear sections of roadway were all improved. Secondly，the oxygen spatial distribution in the middle and back section of the segmented oxygen-enrichment ventilation roadway was uniform，which solved the problems of large oxygen concentration difference between the left and right sides in the middle section in the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation method’s roadway，and none-oxygen spatial distribution in one side of the pressure air duct in the back section of the roadway.Thirdly，the oxygen enrichment time of heading machine driver’s breathing belt was reduced from 255 s to 177 s，and the oxygen concentration increased from 22.51% to 25.24%.The oxygen enrichment rate and oxygen enrichment concentration of heading machine driver’s breathing zone were significantly improved，which provided a cleaner breathing environment for heading machine driver and ensured the smooth progress of tunneling operation. Finally，compared with the traditional diffusion oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme，the target oxygen enrichment offset of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation was reduced from 4.385 to 1.372，and the oxygen utilization rate was increased from less than 5% to about 50%，which fully verified the oxygen enrichment effectiveness and superiority of sectional oxygen-enrichment ventilation scheme，and the study has certain guiding significance for the development of mechanized tunneling ventilation mode in plateau mine.
With the advent of the intelligent era， computer simulation algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning have played a role in many fields such as aerospace， medical treatment， education and communication. For the traditional industry of mining， the concept of smart mine has become a research hotspot of relevant researchers in recent years. Intelligent technologies such as machine learning have been used in pedestrian detection， gas prediction， coal rock identification has been successfully applied to practical production， but the intelligent acquisition of parameters in intelligent ventilation system is still in a blank. Therefore， under the background of smart mine， aiming at the problem that the mine intelligent ventilation system can’t obtain the wind speed in time and then complete the subsequent ventilation system solution and optimization， the training set required by the neural network is obtained by using the simulation of tunnel wind speed distribution in ANSYS. Based on manual measurement and wind speed sensor monitoring data， the prediction model of roadway average wind speed based on gated recurrent unit neural network was constructed. Firstly， the neural network model was proposed， and then the Adam optimization algorithm was used to preprocess the data such as outlier processing and normalization. After the structural processing of the wind speed at the monitoring points of the roadway with different shapes， it was used to train the neural network to find out the strong nonlinear relationship between the wind speed at each point and the average wind speed， so that the predicted wind speed is close to the actual average wind speed of the roadway. Finally， the prediction model of roadway average wind speed based on GRU neural network was constructed. Taking the measured data of Wangjialing coal mine as the model test set， the results show that the GRU neural network model has high precision and strong generalization ability， and can obtain the average wind speed of roadway， which will provide a roadway average wind speed prediction model with advanced technology， scientific process and accurate results for the mine intelligent ventilation system. Moreover， the strong prediction ability of in-depth learning will provide intelligent data for the solution and optimization of ventilation network， it can be extended to the acquisition of ventilation parameters in other metal mines to popularize the intelligent acquisition of ventilation parameters.
Building a mine mining full life cycle business management platform with standardized business data and standardized workflows is the focus of current digital mine research.The platform can provide a unified digital operating environment for mine production technology and management，and the business datas is automatically flowed on the same platform in strict accordance with the work process，realizing efficient collaboration and data interconnection among business departments throughout the mine life cycle.For the data generated by the mining geology，surveying，mining and businesses on the platform which have multiple sources，heterogeneity and mass，each business software has its own proprietary data format causes lack a unified data standard and the business process is not smooth enough.This article propose a digital mining collaboration technology based on JSON.Firstly，classify the collected mine datas，and compare the data format with XML and JSON.The JSON format data occupies a smaller space，having a more concise data structure and a faster analysis speed.Therefore，the light-weight JSON format is used to standardize the classified mining business data.By comparing the traditional architecture with the microservice architecture，it can be seen that the microservice architecture is a distributed mode that combines componentization and serviceization.It can divides the overall module into smaller business services according to business boundaries and flexibly deploy corresponding databases according to different business services.By comparing with the four mainstream Spring Cloud，gPRC，Dubbo，and Motan microservice frameworks，it can be seen that Spring Cloud is a resource angle splits the whole.It sets a specific uniform resource identifier microservice framework for each split module.This framework provides a full set of functions for building a mine microservice system，also it’s deploys mine business quickly and conveniently and simple to operate.Therefore，the distributed idea of ??microservice architecture was adopted.The mining business boundaries were divided into independent service modules，each independent service deploys a separate database to store the corresponding business data，managing each independent business of the collaborative platform based on the Spring Cloud framework service and database.Finally，the technology was applyed to the Ashele copper mine in Xinjiang.The results show that the method adopts data standardization combined with microservices makes full use of the advantages of JSON data format and Spring Cloud microservice architecture.The method solves the problems of mine information islands and information faults，reduces the time for data calling and management，improves the ability and work efficiency of cross-departmental and cross-disciplinary collaboration of various businesses of the mine，and realizes the sustainable hige-efficient and economic production of the mine.
The design of the mineral processing plant is a complicated and important work，which involves a lots of data calculation，graphic drawing and the application of the design standards and experience.The most traditional design process mainly relies on manual calculation and drawing，which usually takes a large amount of time and energy to complete.Moreover，it is difficult to find the problems in the design in time，and it is also troublesome to modify the data and graphics.With the development of computer technology，the development and application of computer aided design software can significantly improve the efficiency and quality of the operation in the process of design and drawing of the mineral processing plant.Through the research and development of the software of process and equipment selection calculation，two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics drawing，the repetitive and regular calculation and drawing steps in the design process can be reduced，and all kinds of errors happened in the engineering drawing is reduced at the same time.In addition，the application of the expert system technology，solved the problem of design standards and experience in the design process of the mineral processing plant to a certain extent，which can make computer participate in the design process，rather than just acting as a design tool.But at present，there are still deficiencies in the computer-aided design of mineral processing plant，such as the fragmentation of design process，the immature treatment of design specifications and experience，the lack of autonomy，visualization and immersion of equipment layout and so on.With the continuous development of computer technology，the rise of modern virtual reality technology provides a new and optional technical way to solve the existing deficiencies in the computer-aided design of mineral processing plant.The virtual reality technology integrates multi-computer technologies such as multimedia，graphics，simulation and artificial intelligence，which can greatly improve the autonomy，visualization and immersion of the design process，as well as human-computer interaction and designers'imagination and creativity.It has been widely used in many fields and industries，and has achieved some effective results.In the field of the mineral processing plant design，the application of virtual reality technology is still in the preliminary exploration stage，but it has great research potential and research value，and it will be an important development direction of the computer-aided design of mineral processing plant in the future.
The use of filling method for underground mining is not only conducive to safe mining and prevent surface subsidence，but also can reduce environmental pollution caused by mining，which meets the national requirements for green mine construction. To obtain an economical filling material that is easy to tansport and meet the mine filling demand， optimising the proportioning of filling materials， which is of great significant to the success of underground mining with infill mining methods.In order to obtain the optimal ratio of full tailings paste filling in a new lead-zinc mine， the orthogonal combination ratio test was designed based on the ash sand ratio and slurry mass concentration.The particle content of the whole tailings less than 20 μm used in the test is 37.26%，which can be used for the preparation of full-tailing paste paste. According to the two-factor four-level orthogonal design experiment，the whole tailings paste slurry and filling body with different ash-sand ratio and slurry mass concentration were prepared.The experiment measured the collapse of different comparison of the total tail capabilizer slurry，consistency，hierarchical degree，and uniaxial compressive strength，elastic modulus，cohesive，and poisson ratio of filling.By analyzing the relationship between the slurry flow performance parameters and the slurry mass concentration and the lime-sand ratio，it was found that the slurry with a slurry mass concentration of 75% to 79% meet the requirements of gravity transportation.The range analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out on the strength parameters of the backfill，and the sensitivity of the four strength parameters to the “two factors” was discussed.The results show that：Among the two influencing factors of slurry mass concentration and lime-sand ratio，the influence of slurry mass concentration on slump takes the main role，followed by the lime-sand ratio；The strength sensitivity of backfill will increase with the increase of two influencing factors，the strength of filling body is more sensitive to the ratio of lime to sand and less sensitive to the mass concentration of slurry；The optimal proportion of the whole tailings paste is 13% of the cement dosage and 77% of the filling slurry concentration.At this time，the amount of total tailings，cement and water account for 68.14%，8.86% and 23% of the required total tailings paste，respectively.The compressive strength，elastic modulus and collapse degree of the composite after 28 days of curing age are 2.6279 MPa，205.2 MPa and 23.7 cm respectively.The experiment provides the mine with the optimal proportion scheme of full tailings paste filling，which is economical and reasonable，quickly meets the strength requirements and conductive to pipeline transportation.
The resources of silver-bearing galena in China are large，but the comprehensive recovery of silver is lower. Mostly mining enterprises and scientific research institutes have conducted studies tending to optimization of technological process and reagent regulation. Although they have made a great deal of achievements，they could not dissolve completely the radical issues that the recovery of silver is low. Meanwhile，the effect of silver content on flotation performance of galena is less explored，which leads to be difficult for the concentrator to significantly improve silver recovery index，resulting in incomplete of resources utiliazation and resources waste.For this reason，this paper summarized the work done by predecessors in detail，such as the resource status of silver-bearing galena，the current flotation process of silver-bearing galena and the reagent system. At the same time，the effects of silver content on the flotation behavior of galena were summarized，such as the increase of the surface area of synthetic silver-bearing galena，the change of Zeta potential in the slurry during flotation process，the different adsorption amount of collector on the surface of galena，and the transformation of electrochemical characteristic peak，etc.. The mechanism of the effect of the silver content on the flotation behavior of galena were analyzed in detail from experimental to simulation，macroscopic to microscopic aspects，respectively. At the last，in view of the shortcomings of the current resource characteristics，technological process，reagent system and research mechanism，some reasonable suggestions are also put forward for the development of silver-bearing lead-zinc ore resources，such as exploring the technical scheme or technological process with high efficiency and low cost，developing unifying reagent of cost，efficiency，environmental protection，non-toxic and harmless and so on.
Carbon-bearing gold ores account for more than 20% of the total gold deposits in China，so the treatment technology of carbon-bearing gold ores has been widely concerned.The flotation of carbon-bearing gold deposits mainly adopts the two following technologies，one is to remove carbon first then float the gold-bearing minerals，the other is to float carbon and gold-bearing minerals together.In the process of carbon removal，some gold is often lost in the carbon ore，resulting in a low total gold recovery.Therefore，it is of great significance to carry out the research on the direct flotation technology of carbon-bearing gold ores.The content of a carbon-containing fine-grained gold is 5.56×10-6.The gold mainly exists as naked or half naked and silicate package gold，and the grain size of the gold inlay is uneven.Natural gold is closely related to fine-grained cryptocrystalline quartz and carbon，and most of them are wrapped in carbon-containing siliceous slate clastics as fine particles.The harmful element carbon in the ore is relatively high，the organic carbon and graphite content is 1.33% and 1.50% respectively，which is a typical carbon-containing refractory gold mine.In order to realize the pre-enrichment of this refractory carbon-bearing gold ore by flotation，different technological processes such as carbon flotation followed by flotation gold and direct flotation gold were investigated and the conditions of direct flotation were optimized.The results show that higher grade gold concentrate can be obtained by direct flotation.According to the condition optimization test，the gold concentrate with a gold grade of 30.01×10-6 and a recovery rate of 76.18% can be obtained when the grinding fineness is -0.074 mm ac-counting for 85%.Its gold concentrate grade and recovery are both higher than the condition of grinding fineness is -0.074 mm accounted for 75%.The results also prove that the reason why the gold containing carbon is difficult to be treated is that the carbon and gold are closely related and belong to fine grain.By adjusting the structure of the technological process，the gold concentrate with 33.45×10-6 gold grade and recovery of 79.93% can be obtained by adopting a coarse grinding flotation-sweep concentrate and then grinding flotation.Compared with the index of one-time grinding process with ginding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 85%，this pro-cess is better，and the reduction of grinding energy consumption is reduced，making it an appropriate treatment process for this ore.
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