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31 December 2022, Volume 30 Issue 6
    

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    Mineral Exploration and Resource Evaluation
  • Jianguo WANG,Shizhen ZHANG,Jia XING,Zhinan WANG,Shengyun WEI,Jian HU
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 809-821. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.178
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    Rare,scattered and rare earth non-ferrous metals is new strategic key mineral resources.At present,some research understandings and breakthroughs have been made in the mineralization and prospecting of key metal deposits in China.Pegmatite type deposit is one of the main sources of rare metal mineral resources,and the rare metal deposits is the most typical of pegmatite types in western China.The magmatic activities are very frequent,and the magmatic rocks are widely distributed,mainly medium-acidic rocks,and very few basite and ultrabasic rock in the Wulan Chakabeishan area of the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin.The main types of rocks with good conditions for forming rare metal deposits,which include syenite granite,monzonitic granite,granodiorite,quartz diorite,tonalite,diorite,gabbro,etc.In order to further understand the geochemical characteristics of the ore-bearing pegmatites in the research area and deepen the understanding of regional tectonic evolution,the mineralization of rare metals and the ore-controlling conditions,the ore-bearing pegmatite was taken as the research object,and the rock mineral features,main trace and rare earth elements composition were analyzed.In the study area,pegmatite vein was band-distributed,outputed in clusters,various types,morphological pulse,beads,lens,and under obvious structural control.The types of pegmatite that closely related to the mineralization of rare metals include mainly muscovite-biotite granite,syenite granite pegmatite,monzonitic granite pegmatite,quartz diorite pegmatite and granodiorite pegmatite.The study found that the ore-bearing pegmatites have high total alkali content,which is similar to the diagenesis characteristics formed in the continental arc or plate collision environment.The partition curve of rare earth is right-leaning,and the light and heavy rare earth fractionation is obvious,and the Eu with medium negative anomaly,it is speculated that the ore-bearing pegmatite source area is not only related to the crust,but also has the possibility of mantle source mafic magma was participated.The results show that the pegmatites were classified and named by the total alkalisili-con (TAS) classification map of the igneous rock system,the samples all fall in the granite-quartz monzonite-syenite area,which belongs to the sub-alkaline rock,and ore-bearing pegmatites have the characteristics of high silicon and overaluminum,and the pegmatites may have experienced the crystallization and separation of mica and feldspar.In this research region,the light rare earth elements is enriched,the heavy rare earth elements is lossed and the fractionation degree is high about ore-bearing pegmatite,it reflects that the mantle source material may be involved in the mineralization of rare metals and rare earth in the magma evolution and diagenetic process of pegmatite.The mineralization is more likely about Rb,Th,Cs,Ce and other rare metal,Ba,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta,Li and other rare metals have potential for mineralization,and Sr,Y and other rare metals mineralization is little possibility.It is considered that the material source of pegmatites is related to the crust and the participation of mantle source material,and it is inferred that the geological tectonic environment of ore-bearing pegmatites may be post-collision or post-collision extension.The results of the research can provide a theoretical basis for the prospecting of pegmatite type rare metal deposits in the later stage.

  • Anzong FU,Xinlang YU,Chenglu LI,Wenpeng YANG,Yuanjiang YANG,Bo ZHENG,Ruijun ZHAO
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 822-834. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.185
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    In order to explore the application of element ratio in gold metallogenic prediction,based on the collection of 1∶250 000 regional geochemical exploration data in Nenjiang-Heihe area,the data were standardized with the abundance of upper crust,and the ratios of Au to front halo elements and tail halo elements and the ratios of front halo elements to tail halo elements were calculated.Then,the geochemical parameters of each element and the ratios of characteristic elements were counted,their geochemical characteristics were analyzed.The geochemical contour map of Au and the ratios of characteristic elements at a logarithmic interval of (0.1~0.2) lgC was drawn,and the distribution characteristics of them were summarized.Finally,combined with the distribution law of existing gold deposits and the distribution characteristics of gold deposits on the geochemical isoline map of various variables,we delineated the prospecting target area.The results show that after the dimensionality is eliminated by standardization,the average value range of characteristic element ratios is 0.60~15.58,with little difference,which is convenient for statistical analysis and geochemical isoline drawing.And the spatial distribution characteristics of characteristic element ratios are closely related to the distribution of existing gold deposits.Their high background and high value areas have obvious northeast and northwest distribution trends,and some have north-south and east-west distribution trends,it is consistent with the distribution direction of existing gold mines.According to the distribution characteristics of existing gold deposits on the geochemical contour map of Au and the ratios of the characteristic element,a total of 7 metallogenic targets are delineated.The study shows that the element ratio has achieved a certain effect in the prediction of gold mineralization,which provides a scientific basis for the search for gold deposits in Nenjiang-Heihe area and a new idea for the study of new prospecting methods.

  • Shengwei ZHANG,Teng DENG,Deru XU,Yueqiang ZHOU,Guojun DONG,Zenghua LI,Wen MA,Ke XU,Yan HAI
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 835-847. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.05.186
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    The Wangu gold deposit,located in the central Jiangnan orogenic belt,is one of the most repre-sentative gold deposits.The orebodies are mainly hosted in the Neoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group.Large amounts of carbonaceous material(CM) occurs in the host rocks and ores.However,the types and genesis of CM in the deposit and its relationship with gold mineralization are still unclear,which restricts the understanding of the precipitation mechanism of mineralization elements and the deep prospecting and exploration work. Systematic petrographic and laser Raman spectroscopic analyses of CM in surrounding rocks and ores show that there are three types of CM in the deposit,namely CM1,CM2 and CM3.Among them,CM1(T=507~613 ℃) is granular with small particles,which are distributed in quartz and micamineral particles or pores,in disseminated distribution,smooth edges and corners and good roundness,which may be the source of debris.CM2(T=390~470 ℃) is layered and distributed around minerals such aspyrite and arsenopyrite or in pyrite.CM3(T=240~355 ℃) coexists with hydrothermal minerals such as siderite,quartz and pyrite,and the formation temperature is close to the metallogenic temperature,surrounded by a large amount of pyrite,which is mainly produced in vein form.Consequently,CM1 and CM2 may have been formed by pre-ore metamorphism,which is of metamorphic origin,while CM3 may be the product of hydrothermal process,which is of hydrothermal origin.Sulfide LA-ICP-MS Mapping and trace element analyses show that the Au-As coupling phenomenon of sulfide in CM2 is wonderful.The pyrite rim is more enriched in Au,As,Co and Ni than the core,and poor in Bi,Pb,and Sb.In the vicinity of pores in the core of pyrite,most of them have abnormally high Au.The location of abnormally high Au,As,Co,and Ni is very similar,forming a growth ring of pyrite.The pyrite grains associated with both CM2 and CM3 contain gold,but those related to CM2 are richer in Au and As,and poor in trace elements such as Cu,Co,Ni,Bi,Pb.The sulfide of CM2 have no Te,however,the content of CM3 are less.Combining with previous studies,pre-ore layer CM2 can react with Au-bearing fluid as efficient reductant to prompt Au precipitation.However,hydrothermal CM3 together with pyrite precipitating from ore-bearing fluid,was also favorable to gold mineralization.

  • Hua WANG,Shaohao ZOU,Long CHEN,Deru XU,Xilian CHEN,Xuena WANG,Haodong FENG
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 848-865. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.074
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    The South China Block is an important polymetallic metallogenic area mainly related to the W,Sn,Cu and other metals,most of that mineralization is closely related to the Mesozoic magmatism.Based on the analysis of zircon U-Pb dating and trace element of apatite and zircon of the muscovite granite related to mineralization in the Hukeng tungsten deposit,the age,magmatic properties and evolution characteristics of the metallogenic rock was constraint in this study.The results show that the muscovite granite was formed at (152.3±1.73)Ma,which is consistent with the peak period of polymetallic mineralization in South China(170~150 Ma).In addition,trace element of apatite shows that it has a M-shaped REE chondrite normalized pattern,with features of enrich in F[w(F) is 3.52%~4.09%)]and Mn(5 081×10-6~13 948×10-6),and depleted in Cl[w(Cl)<0.012%] and Mg(5.91×10-6~24.08×10-6),which are consistent with that in the high fractionated S-type granite.Besides,trace element of zircon shows that it has high Th/U ratio,LREE-depleted and HREE-enriched REE chondrite normalized pattern.Furthermore,the oxidized state and temperature of the rock were constraint by Ce,U and Ti content in zircon,which shows that zircon was crystallized at the conditions of high temperature(800 ℃) and low oxygen fugacity in the early period of magma.Combined with previous studies,it is concluded that the Hukeng granite experienced strong early fractional crystallization and the formation of the Hukeng deposit may be related to the evolution of reductive highly fractionated magmas.

  • Huanhua CAI,Shaoping FENG,Chun GUO,Xiaotao WANG,Guangzhong YANG,Lan HUANG,Zhenghui ZHANG
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 866-876. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.076
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    The Tieling Au-Pb deposit is located in the southwest section of the Xiong’ershan gold field.A series of Pb-Zn deposits are distributed in this area,which are strongly controlled by strata,structures and magmatic rocks,and have good metallogenic geological conditions.The geological characteristics,fluid inclusions,stable isotope geochemistry and isotopic age of many deposits in the area have been studied in detail,but the metallogenic prediction and prospecting prospect of the deposits are rarely studied.In order to guide the deep prospecting of Tieling gold deposit and point out the prospecting direction in the future,through comprehensively study of the regional geological background,geological characteristics and metallogenic regularity of the deposit,the genesis of Tieling Au-Pb deposit was discussed.And combined with the cons-truction project of the deposit,according to the known orebody in the shallow and deep thickness,grade,DTM based on MAPGIS spatial analysis function,the data were processed by discrete grid,and the thickness grade weight contour map of the orebody was drawn on the vertical projection map,and the trend prediction of the deep orebody of Pb1 and I-1 main vein was carried out.The Pb1 orebody in the area dips westward along the strike,and there is a none-ore section in the middle of line 02 to line 2.And a continuous centralized orebody,which extends laterally to the deep,with swelling phenomenon,is distributed in the west of line 0.There are two concentrated centers in the shallow part of Ⅰ-1 lead orebody,which are basically consistent with the scope of the formed goaf.There is no ore section in the shallow part and middle part of line 02 to line 4.In the west of line 8,the whole area falls to the west side along the strike,and in the west of line 4,there is swelling phenomenon.The results show that Tieling Au-Pb deposit is a medium low temperature magmatic hydrothermal Au-Pb deposit.The deep part to the west of line 0 of Pb1 lead vein,the deep part to the west of line 04 of Ⅰ-1 lead vein,and the deep part to the west of line 04 of gold vein are favorable prospecting areas in the future.

  • Mining Technology and Mine Management
  • Wenxing ZHU,Hengqi HU,Shuitai XU
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 877-890. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.090
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    As the key raw materials of strategic emerging industries,rare mineral resources play an increasingly prominent role in the development of modern industry.In order to grasp the characteristics and pattern of the global rare mineral trade network,and understand the supply security of rare mineral products in China, this paper adopted the complex network to construct a global rare mineral trade network based on the UN Comtrade and the global rare mineral trade data from 2002 to 2020.This paper studied the overall trade characteristics,node centrality and group evolution of the trade network,and simulated the targeted interruption of the supply security of rare mineral products in China.The results show that:(1)The global rare mineral products trade network is gradually becoming more complex,the scale is expanding,the trade connectivity is gradually strengthened,and the characteristics of the small world are maintained all year round.(2)The United States,Germany,France,and the United Kingdom are located in the core position of the rare mineral trade network all year round,and have a strong control over the world’s rare mineral trade,and play an important bridge role in the trade network.(3)China’s position and control ability in the global rare mineral products trade network have increased year by year,and its trading partners have been increasing,and its influence in the trade of rare mineral products has become increasing.(4)There are mainly 4 trading associations in the global rare mineral products trade network,and each community shows the evolutionary characteristics of continuous differentiation and reorganization.(5)The security of the supply of rare mineral products in China has been improved,but it is still in an unsafe state,and preventing targeted interruptions is of great significance to ensure the security of the supply of rare mineral products in China.According to this,the study believes that the following measures can provide a basis for optimizing the trade pattern of rare mineral products in China and formulating policies for supply security.First,establish long-term and stable trade links with the core countries of the global trade in rare mineral products.Second,implement a diversified trade strategy to enhance resilience to targeted disruption risks.Third,actively participate in the exploration of global rare mineral resources and promote the sustainable development of rare mineral resources in China.

  • Minggui ZHENG,Qunting PENG,Simin TAO,Lizhen LIU
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 891-900. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.127
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    Gold plays an important role in maintaining financial stability and risk aversion.It is not only a haven against uncertainty,but also a key factor affecting investors’sentiment and decision-making behavior. The-refore,it is of great value to investigate the impact of uncertainty risk and investors’risk aversion decision on gold price. At present,there is no consensus on the impact of economic policy uncertainty on gold price. Few scholars incorporate economic policy uncertainty and investor sentiment into the research framework at the same time,and few literatures study high uncertainty separately.In order to better explore the above issues,based on risk aversion and expectation theory,economic policy uncertainty and investor sentiment were incorporated into a unified analysis framework.With data from 2011 to 2021 as samples,GARCH-MIDAS model was used to explore the impact of economic policy uncertainty and investor sentiment on gold price volatility. Furthermore,the influence changes under the environment of high economic policy uncertainty were investigated.The results show that:Firstly,gold price fluctuation has autocorrelation,and the long-term impact is positive.Secondly,in the short term,gold prices are affected by economic policy uncertainty and investor sentiment changes,positive shocks can increase the short-term volatility of gold prices,in the long term,gold prices will be negatively affected by economic policy uncertainty,but the long-term impact of investor sentiment is not significant.Finally,high economic policy uncertainty will be more noticeable to domestic investors and reflected in gold price volatility.These contents not only provide a new perspective for the discussion of gold price volatility,but also provide a reference for the realization of risk control or financial stability.

  • Jielin LI,Dehua MAO,Chaozhi PENG,Shengli WANG,Mengbing FENG,Mingliang ZHAO,Ao LI
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 901-911. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.082
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    The decline is the main access channel of underground metal mines,and its road quality directly affects the safe transportation and economic benefits of the mine.Flat and durable roads can effectively reduce vehicle driving resistance,reduce fuel consumption and vehicle maintenance costs,and at the same time can extend the service life of tires,improve the work efficiency and safety comfort of vehicle transportation,and greatly reduce hauling costs.At present,the decline pavement mostly adopts concrete pouring method,which has the shortcomings of high road construction cost,long maintenance time,short service life and difficult maintenance.At present,the pulp-soil road construction technology has been widely used in the con-struction of open-pit mine roads,and has played an important role.But for underground mines,due to the construction environment of underground confined space,water accumulation on the floor or dripping on the roof,and high anti-skid requirements on the road,this technology is still less used.In order to solve the shortage of concrete road construction methods for underground mine decline,the construction process of slurry road construction technology in the decline construction of the Kafang Branch of Yunnan Tin Industry Co.,Ltd. was studied,and the mud belt length of the yellow clay in the area was quickly identified by using the mud belt method to be 80 cm.The disintegration method identified the good water resistance of yellow clay,and comprehensively determined that yellow clay was most suitable for building slurry dirt roads.The washing and screening test was carried out to determine the optimal material ratio of yellow clay,manufactured sand,fine aggregate and coarse aggregate,and the field test of pulp dirt road construction was carried out on the decline of the Kafang Branch,and the on-site construction process of the pulp road was introduced in detail.The results show that the pulp-soil road construction technology can be well applied to the underground mine road construction,and has many advantages such as simple construction technology,low road construction cost,short construction period,strong bearing capacity,dust and skid control,low carbon environmental protection,etc.It has important significance for the mine cost reduction and efficiency improvement,energy saving and emission reduction,safety and high efficiency.

  • Xiaojun WANG,Qiping ZHONG,Kaijian HU,Hao WANG,Yu WANG,Lihao LI,Liang FENG
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 912-922. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.116
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    The in-situ leaching process is used to mine ion-adsorption rare earth ore.Due to the infiltration and seepage of leaching solution,it is easy to induce landslide instability,and shear failure is considered to be the main failure mode.In order to study the mechanical properties of shear failure of the orebody landslide,the ion adsorption type rare earth ore was taken as the research object,and the microseismic monitoring technology was used to carry out the direct shear test of the remolded soil sample in the indoor environment.The mechanical properties and microseismic signal characteristics of the specimens under different impregnation state were studied,and the influence of water content on the shear strength of the samples and the change process of shear stress-displacement under different normal stress conditions during the shear failure process were obtained.At the same time,microseismic monitoring and recording equipment was used to collect microseismic signals in the test process of rare earth samples simultaneously.The frequency domain characteristics of the test microseismic data were obtained by fast Fourier transform of the signal based on Python open source software Scipy.The corresponding waveform,time-frequency and spectral images were analyzed to obtain the spectral characteristics of the microseismic signals and the energy distribution characteristics in the frequency domain during the shear process of samples with different water content.The results show that:(1)With the increase of water content,the cohesion of rare earth samples decreases,and the failure characteristics change from plastic failure to viscous failure,and the failure behavior changes from strain softening to strain hardening.For the samples with the same water content,the strain softening characteristics of the samples are more significant with the increase of the consolidation normal stress,and there is an obvious peak strength when the water content is low.(2)The background noise does not affect the results,and the amplitude of the microseismic signal jumped significantly in a short time during the shear process.The comparative analysis of time-frequency and waveform images show that the microseismic signal existes and the main frequency is 10~20 Hz,and the change of water content does not affect the signal main frequency.With the increase of water content,the shear signal has a higher peak amplitude,the overall released energy increases,and the main shock type changes to the group shock type.(3) The signal waveform and spectrum image reflects the rare earth sample shear energy evolution characteristics of upper and lower when the soil relative sliding,including extrusion,rupture,friction,collision between particles and the formation of crack behavior such as the release of the micro size of the strength of the shock wave energy and frequency distribution,microtremor signals as rare earth soil internal activities forward the external manifestations of form.The results can be used as the discriminative basis for the microseismic signal of landslide in ion-adsorption rare earth ore.

  • Kefan ZHOU,Kewei LIU,Tengfei GUO
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 923-934. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.126
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    With the economic development,people’s demand for deep resource mining is increasing day by day.Underground projects are more and more frequently carried out in deep,and deep mining of metal mines has gradually become the norm.Soft and hard interbedded rocks generally exist in deep mines.Compared with ordinary rocks,they are more prone to destabilization and failure under disturbance and stress.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the failure characteristics of soft and hard interbedded rocks.In this paper,combined with acoustic emission technology,uniaxial compression tests were carried out on the soft and hard interbedded rock samples with dip angle composed of red sandstone and concrete,and the collected acoustic emission data,such as acoustic emission number,acoustic emission rate,b value,AF-RA value,were processed and analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the influence of dip angle on the failure mode of soft and hard interbedded rock,it can be divided into four categories,namely axial failure,soft layer failure,interface slip and Splitting failure.(2)When the dip angle of soft and hard interbedded rocks changes from 0 ° to 90 °,the peak compressive strength curve presents a N-shaped change.(3)Based on the classification method of rock failure process proposed by Boyce and the cumulative acoustic emission number,the failure process of soft and hard interbedded rocks with different dip angles is classified.(4)The dip angle of the soft layer has a significant influence on the stability of the rock.(5)When the dip angle of the soft layer increases,the area with high acoustic emission rate will move backward and narrow,and the cracks are more likely to occur intensively,leading to instability and failure.(6)In the process of uniaxial compression,the state of instability propagation is affected by the inclination angle,which increases first,then decreases,and then increases with the increase of the inclination angle.(7) With the increase of the dip angle,the proportion of shear cracks in the failure process of soft and hard interbedded rocks increases first,then decreases,and then increases again.The research results can provide reference for solving the engineering problems of soft and hard interbedded rocks.

  • Guangsheng DU,Shijiang CHEN,Hailong WU
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 935-947. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.041
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    In many underground engineering construction,the temperature change has a great impact on the macro mechanical properties of rock mass.The macro mechanical properties of the rock mass are closely related to the development and damage of micro cracks.In order to explore the relationship between meso damage mechanism and macro mechanical properties under the condition of temperature cycling,the granite was tested with different cold and heat cycles under five temperature conditions of 200,300,400,500 and 600 ℃,and then the micro pore parameters were detected by low field NMR(nuclear magnetic resonance) system.The macro uniaxial compressive strength of granite specimens under different temperature conditions was tested by universal hydraulic testing machine.Finally,through the fitting analysis of macro mechanical properties and damage parameters,as well as the correlation detection and analysis of meso parameters and macro parameters,the evolution relationship between micro pore fracture parameters and mechanical properties of granite under the condition of temperature cycle was studied.The results show that:(1)The increase of temperature and the number of cold and hot cycles will lead to the decrease of mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and uniaxial strength of granite,and the influence of cold and hot cycles on the decrease of rock strength after 400 ℃ is more obvious.(2)Nuclear magnetic testing can effectively obtain the pore distribution parameters of specimens under different temperatures.Combined with the changes of meso parameters and macro properties,it can be concluded that when the temperature is below 400 ℃,the micro cracks and damage formed in the rock are mainly caused by factors such as water overflow and internal stress concentration,while when the temperature is higher than 400 ℃,the micro cracks are mainly formed by mineral crystal creep and crystal denaturation,and at this time,a large-scale fracture group will be formed.(3)The damage value of granite increases with the increase of temperature,but the multiple damage caused by cold thermal cycle increases first and then decreases with the increase of temperature.The correlation parameter between the size of micro cracks in granite and the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen is -0.943,and the correlation parameter between the content of micro cracks and the strain of the specimen is 0.935.

  • Qing YANG,Shijiao YANG,Ranyue ZHANG
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 948-957. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.098
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    A set of measuring cylinders is generally used to carry out sedimentation test in the dense dewatering of the whole tailings,and the sedimentation velocity and sedimentation underflow concentration of the tailings are used as the basis of flocculants optimization.However,the dense dewatering of ultra-fine tailings has the characteristics of difficult settling and slow settling speed.The turbidity of the supernatant is an important criterion for the selection of flocculants.The currently widely used experimental methods for dense dehydration of full tailings are difficult to meet the dense dewatering of ultra-fine tailingsIn order to solve the problem that the turbidity of supernatant liquid is not considered in the existing dense sedimentation test of ultrafine tailings,a flocculant optimization method for dense sedimentation of ultrafine tailings was proposed.Taking the ultra-fine tailings of a fluorite mine as the research object,and taking the concentration of prefabricated tailings slurry,the type of flocculant,and the amount of flocculant as the dependent variables,a comprehensive test was carried out,and the mixing of tailings slurry and flocculant was carried out in a six-stage mixer.Mixing,reacting and precipitation,using a turbidimeter to test the turbidity of the supernatant liquid at different settling times,and comprehensively considering the settling speed and the cost of the flocculant,to obtain the optimal type and dosage of flocculant under different concentrations of prefabricated tailings.The experimental results show that:For the flocculation and sedimentation of ultra-fine tailings with both bridging and protective effects of flocculants,when the concentrations of prefabricated tailings are 5%,8%,11% and 14%,respectively,the optimum flocculant types are 18 million,16 million,16 million and 12 million anionic polyacrylamide,and the optimal flocculant dosage is 15,25,30 and 30 g/t respectively.Among them,the turbidity of the tailings slurry with the concentration of 8%,11% and 14% change obviously after using the optimal molecular weight and dosage of the flocculant,which could be reduced by more than 10NTU,but the difference is not large.Considering the flocculant price,we recommend the mine use 14% as the feed concentration of the mine’s deep cone thickener.The experimental results provide the basis for the dense settlement engineering parameters of the ultra-fine tailings in this mine,indicating that the ultra-fine tailings dense dewatering experimental method and flocculant selection method proposed in this paper have good application prospects.

  • Shan YANG,Wenwen LI,Jianhong CHEN
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 958-967. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.081
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    Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore will cause a series of environmental,safety,and property hazards.It is of great practical significance to predict the tendency of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore and the severity of fire consequences more accurately for the realization of more safe and efficient mining of sulfide ore.In this paper,seven factors affecting the spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ore were compre-hensively considered as the evaluation index factors,including mine sulfur content,mine carbon content,ore temperature,ore stacking time,the number of stope personnel,oxygen concentration,and stope ore layer thickness.The spontaneous combustion safety of sulfide ore was divided into nine grades,representing different spontaneous combustion tendencies and severity of fire consequences.94 sets of actual stope data were collected,and the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of the 94 sets of stope data.Three principal components containing more than 70% of the original information were obtained.84 sets of data after dimension reduction were used as training samples of the radial basis function neural network (RBF) prediction model,and 10 groups of test samples were used to establish the PCA-RBF self-ignition prediction model of sulfide ore.The 10-fold cross-validation method and leave one-out method were used to verify the prediction results of the PCA-RBF model with the actual results.The prediction accuracy of the PCA-RBF model is 92.55%,and the correlation coefficient is 0.94.The prediction accuracy of the PCA-RBF model is 91.49%,and the correlation coefficient is 0.97.Both of the two verification methods show that the PCA-RBF model has good applicability to the prediction of spontaneous combustion safety of sulfide ores.The results of a small amount of prediction deviation are also less different from the actual results,and the overall prediction accuracy is higher than that of the RBF model.The results show that the radial basis function neural network based on principal component analysis has good prediction performance for the spontaneous combustion safety of sulfide ore.The prediction accuracy of the sample is above 90%,and the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.9,which is better than the results without principal component analysis.PCA-RBF model can be used to pre-dict the grade of spontaneous combustion safety of sulfide ore,which can guide the safety production of mine.

  • Wenming DONG,Qiren TAN
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 968-977. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.087
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    In recent years,with the rapid development of computer technology,network technology and database technology,the mining industry is accelerating the construction of digitalization,informatization and intelligence.In the construction process,due to the lack of top-level design and overall planning in most mines,and the lack of standardized data processing,multi-source heterogeneous data generated by various systems in the construction process cannot be shared,and it is difficult to achieve the comprehensive utilization of data.In view of the current problems in data circulation,management,sharing and utilization in Husab mine,by sorting out the production business process specifications and data management standards of geology,mining and hydrometallurgy,a digital processing mode suitable for cross professional business processes was proposed,and a production technology collaboration platform for workflow standardization,business data standardization and data processing automation was developed.The professional business processes of geology,mining and hydrometallurgy were solidified into the system,and the business data of each specialty are stored in the central database according to the standards,and transferred on the same platform according to the process.The outcome data of the previous node in the process is the input data of the next node,and the outcome data of one process among processes is the input data of another process,so as to realize data collaboration and sharing among the professional production businesses in the mine site.The platform provides a unified digital work platform for mine production management,and realizes the integration,standardization and convenience of production business management.Through two-level deployment and database synchronization technology,data sharing and backup between foreign mine sites and domestic company headquarters are realized,ensuring the safety of enterprise data assets.The application results show that the platform connects the data generated by each business through the process and stores them uniformly through the central database according to the standard,realizing efficient data transfer among geological,mining and hydrometallurgical businesses and automatic processing of indicator report data,greatly reducing the data processing time and error rate,and greatly improving the efficiency of team cooperation.In addition,it has completely changed the situation of “waiting,relying,and demanding” data acquisition of domestic company headquarters.Through the distributed platform,all kinds of data needed can be queried at any time,so as to timely grasp the production situation of Husab mine,which is conducive to giving play to the technical advantages of the domestic expert team,helping the mine solve the technical management problems encountered in production,and effectively improving the economic benefits of the mine.The development and application of Husab mine production technology collaboration platform provides a reference for cross department and cross region data on collaboration and sharing.

  • Xin CHEN
    Gold Science and Technology. 2022, 30(6): 978-985. https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.06.104
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    Open pit mine current surface model is the foundation of digital,information and intelligent construction,which provides model for planning,blast designing and truck dispatching.With the progress of production,the 3D model of the current status of open-pit mining has been in flux.The mine needs to be equipped with special surveying and technical personnel to frequently measure and model the current status of open-pit mining.Combining with the blasting hole coordinates,blasting boundary point automatic sampling method was proposed based on blasting hole layout and blasting parameters.Then using α-shape to create complex blasting area boundary lines.Spatial distribution relation between blasting area boundary lines and bench lines was researched,and automatic updating method of open pit mine bench lines was proposed.DTM was constructed by topographic line constrained Delaunay.Field test results show that automatic sampling method of blasting boundary and updating method of bench top and bottom lines is efficient.Time-consuming of surface model updating is decreased from 4 h to 1 min.This method is also suitable for measuring the corner coordinates of blasting area or based on the trajectory coordinates of shovel hauling equipment.It provides technical means and reference value for automatic updating of 3D model of open-pit mining status with different technical conditions.