As a new electromagnetic exploration method，multi-channel transient electromagnetic method（M-TEM） distinguishes itself from the electromagnetic family by its high resolution and large detection depth.The peak times of cross correlation function between transmitting current and received voltage give a new pseudo cross-section profile of apparent resistivity，which can reflect underground geoeletric structure very well.The field survey and data processing of M-TEM was discussed.In addition，a single-line M-TEM survey was conducted in Baertaolegai-Fuxingmen silver-lead-zinc polymetallic ore investigation zone.In data acquisition，it is deployed that a 240 m or 480 m inline dipole galvanic current source and 180 inline potential receivers with length of 60 m along 10.8 km survey line.The resulting pseudo cross section of M-TEM apparent resistivity is consistent with the borehole result.It is considered that M-TEM has a great application potential in future metal mineral exploration.
Dornod uranium deposit is located in the marginal basin of Kunlun-Erguna microcontinent that is on the southern margin of the Siberian Plate.As an important component of Argun Mongolia uranium Province，the formation of the deposit is closely related to the Dornod volcano apparatus and it belongs to middle-low temperature volcanic hydrothermal deposit.According to geological survey of ore district，it is found that the deposit is mainly controlled by NE and NW faults and interbedded fractures，which shows pulse，net pulse and stratiform output.Ore minerals are mainly composed of coffinite，include uraninite，brannerite and uranium titanate，gangue minerals include iron sulfide，titanium oxide and partially deposited carbonaceous material.The rock alteration of typical F-Mo-U deposit are also developed in the deposit，such as argillization，silicification，hematite，and so on.The isotopic age of Dornod volcanic rocks measured by predecessors is 170~140 Ma，and indirect evidence is obtained from uranium mineralization superimposed on the Ulan Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit in this area，therefore，it is considered that the age of uranium mineralization in this area is likely to be early Cretaceous.The deposit is located in the volcanic-sedimentary basin with favorable metallogenic background and mineralized alteration and widely distributed struture，the uranium deposit has great prospecting potential.
Based on the background of overview of gold mineral resources，nonferrous by-products and secondary resource in China，the current situation of research and utilization of the above three kinds of gold resources were introduced.The utilization situations of gold resources in the domestic and foreign were compared.It was pointed out that China has the following problems in the development and utilization of gold resources：lack of resource recycling awareness，low tailing utilization，lack of corrosion-resistance of equipment and materials，manual operation to classified heavily，serious resource waste，high production cost，heavy environmental load.Industry ecology of comprehensive utilization of gold resources in China could be achieved by improving comprehensive utilization of resources，promoting the automatic production process，developing a resource-oriented industrial chain and pushing forward automated production processes.
The model for mining stope structural parameters optimization may result in“state out of balance” phenomenon when the evaluation indexes tend to the edge state.To slove this problem，the variable weight theory was introduced into the scheme evaluation of mining stope structural parameters.Combined with the ideal point method，9 indexes which influence scheme decision mostly were selected from three angles including economy，technique and safety condition，to build the variable weight and ideal point model.In the model，the variable weight which more coincidence with actual situation of each scheme were calculated by variable weight theory based on the constant weight of each evaluation indexes.Then，the quality distance of all schemes were calculated by ideal point method and the preferential order were given.The model was used in stope structural parameters optimization of a mine and the results reflected the superiority of the model in weight calculation.The optimized result is more suitable for engineering practice.
To evaluate the reliability level of mine’s six-system more accurately and reasonably，an evaluation model of six-system was constructed based on entropy weight method and matter element analysis theory. Based on the composition of six systems，32 indexes that affect the reliability of six systems were proposed，the matter element system of six-system reliability evaluation was built through matter element transformation theory，and association degree of individual index to setting assessment level was calculated.Then the weight of indexes to be evaluated were determined by entropy weight method，and the reliability level of mine’s six-system was determined according to comprehensive association degree of evaluation and setting level.The study results show that the evaluation result is identical to actual situation owing to the constructed model comprehensively considered all the reliability affecting factors to the assessment system，which can reflect the reliability situation of mine’s six-system accurately and objectively.
Rock joint is the basic for studying the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass structure surface，but it is difficult to fully understand the rock joint distribution patterns in space，owing to deep buried in the rock mass.To show the development characteristics of rock joint in three-dimensional space and master the distribution regularity of joint fissure in rock mass，the distribution model of rock mass joint in three-dimensional space was constructed.Taking Panlong lead-zinc mine in Guangxi as the research object，the basic information of rock joint in the field was obtained by means of line method，and the parameter distribution probability model was determined by using the theory of probability and mathematical statistics to analyse the joint geometry parameters.According to the principle of Monte-Carlo simulation and the relevant function of Excel to produce random number，the simulation data was obtained，and then based on the AutoLISP language simulation program，3D-network simulation visualization of rock joint was generated in CAD，and it will be applied to rock mass quality classification in the model.Research shows that the joint plane three-dimensional network simulation effect is good，in the rock mass quality evaluation fully embodies the opposite sex characteristics，the evaluation results tend to be more practical，this method provides a new idea and way for the study of rock joints.
In order to determine the classification of rock mass quality more reasonably，PCA-RF classification model of rock mass quality was proposed which combined with principal component analysis and random forest algorithm.Five classification indexes were chosen which can fully reflect the rock mass quality category.The correlation analysis of indexes was calculated by principal component analysis，and three principal components were abtained by accumulated variance devoted rate，which can eliminate the correlation between each index and reduce the inputs of model.Then，the classification of rock mass quality was determined by random forest model.Twenty sets field data were chosen as training samples，and ten sets field data were chosen as testing samples.The generalization errors were estimated by cross-validation method.The results show that the classification results satisfyingly agree with the actual results at the average accuracy of 96.7%，and the probability distribution of classifications that can reflect the complexity of rock mass quality was calculated simultaneously，which can provide more detailed reference for engineering construction.
The uniaxial compression tests of homogeneous red sandstone under low loading （strain） rate range with different order of magnitude were carried out using hydraulic servo test machine.The effects of loading （strain） rate on the compressive strength，tangent elastic modulus and failure strain were investigated.The displacement control loading was adopted in the process of testing，and the loading rate were 0.12，1.2，12，120 mm/min respectively.The results show that there are good linear relationship among displacement control loading rate，actual loading rate and strain rate of specimen.The uniaxial compressive strength and tangent elastic modulus of rock materials increase with the loading rate under different loading rates，the uniaxial compressive strength increases by 11%，the tangent elastic modulus increases by 13%，and the rate effect is remarkable. It is also found that the failure strain is no associated with strain rate （loading rate） by experimental data，and there is no law of rate effect，so the strength criterion should be stress criterion instead of strain criterion.
There were many problems in the existing ore drawing system，such as large sand concentration fluctuation，low concentration of actual ore drawing and instability，so a new discharge sand model was proposed ，which was different from tranditional discharge sand working mode of vertical sand silo.That was，by controlling three conditions of feed flow and concentration，discharge flow and height of tailings stacking surface，to carry out feed，overflow and discharge sand at the same time. And fluent software was used to simulate continuous discharge tailings model. The results showed that，different height of the accumulation corresponding to discharge tailings concentration at the bottom of the silo is different can be obtained as feeding，overflow and discharging keeping stability and achieving a dynamic balance. The relationship of tailings volume fraction changes with regularly silo height.Prediction model of the volume fraction of tailings changes with silo height is proposed. Industrial test of continuous tailings discharge systems is carried out in Dahongshan copper mine Yuxi Yunnan.The results showed that the industrial test displays successfully which validate the efficacy of the continuous tailings discharge model.
The gold content of one gold mine in Gansu Province is 2.93×10-6，and gold is the main recoverable valuable element in ore.Based on the analysis of process mineralogy characteristics of the ore，the grinding fineness，collector dosage，open circuit and closed circuit tests were carried out.The results showed that the gold concentrate of 93.08×10-6，recovery of 70.93% was obtained through a closed-circuit process of one stage roughing，two stages cleaning and three stages scavenging.The test process adopted is reasonable with simple structure and medicament routine，which provide a preliminary basis for utilization and production practice of the gold mine.
The pebble discharged from SAG mill has a grinding media characteristic of big hardness and high spherical degree.A flotation process research of copper and sulfur mixed flotation-coarse concentrate grinding-copper sulfur separation had been carried out by using stone and steel ball as mixing coarse grinding media and the whole stone as re-grinding media when the flotation feed is the coarse spiral classifier in copper-sulfur gold mine.Closed-circuit tests were carried out on the basis of the best condition test.The results show that the final copper concentrate with copper grade of 18.45%，gold grade of 16.68×10-6，copper recovery of 86.89%，and gold recovery of 55.78% was otained，which is higher than the actual production index.It is confirmed that the pebble used as grinding media has a good prospect in fine grinding of rough concentrate.
A detailed mineralogy process study of a cyanide residue was performed，and the valuable metal elements is gold with the content of 2.51×10-6，which is mainly contained in pyrite and arsenopyrite.Single factor flotation test was performed according to property of mineral ore.Eventually，achieving the grade of gold concentration is18.70×10-6 and recovery is 70.18% in suitable flotation conditions by adding CuSO4，ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate and buylxanthate，whose dosage are 150×10-6，70×10-6 and 100×10-6，respectively，into the pulp in the test and cyanide residue without grinding，CN- excluded by H2SO4，and the pH of pulp is 6.5，and also performing one roughing，two scavenging and three times cleaning.
The application of 3D mining software is the most basic condition to realize the Mining Industry 4.0，and also the premise of implementing the intelligent production of mine.Based on the analysis of the serious lag problem of China’s mining enterprises application of 3D mining software，through reasoning and analogy with western mining enterprises operation management mode，and combined with the management problems of China’s mining enterprises，the fundamental reason was pointed out why the 3D mining software application lags behind in China’s mining enterprises，that is mining operation management mode difficult to adapt to the needs of 3D mining software application.The suggestion is to cancel the existing mining production scheduling system in China，reduce management link and play the role of engineer and director of production，make the technology and production departments direct docking operation organization of production.
Thiosulfate leaching technology has become the focus of research and development of non-cyanide gold leaching technology.Especially，the copper-ammonia-thiosulfate system has been studied in-depth and long-term，because of the advantages of leaching fast，environmental friendly，less corrosive alkaline and suitable treatment of refractory ore with arsenic or carbon.There are many factors could impact on the leaching process and leaching results greatly.Such as，the type of thiosulfate，the capacity of common mineral adsorption，catalytic and decomposition，ion release in minerals，the dissolution of heavy metal ions，anion participation in the reaction process，leaching process and gold leaching effect.The impact of the various factors on the leaching process were summarized in this paper，which could be conducive to the development and improvement of thiosulfate leaching of gold.In leaching process，the type of thiosulfate salts was determined to treat different types of minerals，and different gold bearing minerals show different abilities of adsorption，dissolution and catalytic decomposition.At the same time，the effect of heavy metallic ions released by minerals on gold dissolution strongly depended on the type of ion and concentrations.Anions from reagents，the decomposition of thiosulfate and other aspects，show completely different effects on the leaching system.By adding phosphates，EDTA，CMC and other additives can improve the leaching environment and eliminate adverse effects.
Many factors affect the leaching processes of chalcopyrite.The effect of initial pH value on the activity of leaching bacteria ASH-07，the efficiency of the leaching result and compositions of the oxide film on the chalcopyrite surface were investigated.The results showed that the bacteria reached equilibrium phase and boomed to 1.4×108 cell/mL after cultured for 24 h on the condition of pH=1.2~1.8 after leaching for 6 d.The leaching efficiency rapidly reached approximately 45.0%.XPS analysis of the oxide film presented that no jarosite passive film was observed on the mineral surface after leaching for 168 h on the condition of initial pH=1.2. Therefore，the best initial pH value of approximately 1.2 was obtained for the chalcopyrite leaching with the leaching bacteria of ASH-07.It was not benefit for the bioleaching of the chalcopyrite when the pH value was lower than 1.2 or higher than 1.8.
Taking strong acid bacterial oxidation liquid with high arsenic and high iron produced by the bacterial oxidation gold extraction of one gold mine in Gansu Province as the research object，and selecting calcium oxide as precipitant to carry out the experiment of neutralization and arsenic removal.Through investigated the effect of the parameters such as pH value，temperature，stirring speed and reaction time on neutralization and arsenic removal，the best arsenic removal conditions were determined by single factor test. The influence of arsenic and calcium residue stability in simulated natural environment was explored.The results of arsenic removal test showed that the arsenic removal ratio was 99.99% under the optimal condition：pH=4~5，suitable stirring speed，reaction for 25 min at normal temperature and achieved the purification of waste liquid.The results of quantitative analysis of arsenic and calcium residue showed that the content of As and Fe in residue were 4.04% and 19.79% respectively.The experimental results on the stability of arsenic and calcium residue in simulated natural environment showed that：when the pH value was lower than 1，the arsenic in residue was dissolved out of 5 mg/L，exceeding emission standards of industrial waste.According to the results，it is possible to purify the wastewater by neutralizing arsenic with calcium oxide as precipitant，and the arsenic containing could be stored when the environmental pH≥1.
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