The radical feature of resources Zijinshan Gold Mine is introduced in this paper; Technology of evaluation and exploration of Lower grade resources is narrated emphatically; Important experience of lower grade resources evaluation and exploration is based on in practice.

The south of Anhui Province is the important area of production associated gold in our coutry.It has been 110 t reserves of rock gold,240 t associated gold.There is 60％ in Tongling’s area.Yangtze river metallogentic zone is located in Anhui Province,There are 63％ reserves of associated gold in the zone.There are more than 50 associated gold deposits and some rock gold deposits that have been found.We analysis and summary further geological characteristics in this district,and discuss ore prospecting of this area.

Pyrite is one of the main Au-carriers in the Zhaishang gold deposit.The pyrite in the rock are fine and strawberry-like or coccus-like,globe-like,cube-like pyrite.The pyrite in the rock are thick and big,mineral form as cube,pyritohedron,xenomorphic granular, small veins.Pyrites of mineralization are poor in iron （Fe）=45.98%,sulfur （S）= 51.69%.S has been replaced by As，Sb,Fe has been replaced by Ni、Ag.The mode of occurrence of Au is self-existent in the pyrites.Au-carriers in the those strawberry-like，cube-like pyrite less than in those pyrites mineral form as cube,pyritohedron,xenomorphic granular,small veins.Au,As has the negative correlation characteristic feature in different pyrite.Those pyrites as overgrowth rim,in the first rim,third rim,fives rims are rich of gold, while in the core,second rim,fourth rim,and sixth rim are poor of gold,the relationship between Au and As is positive correlation.

New superlarge gold deposit is found in the northern sea of Sanshandao，Shandong Province.The hydrothermal alteration minerals of orebody mainly include muscovite，lepidolite，ilite，spodumene，epidote，kaolinite，hornblende，dolomite，calcite and smectite，as identified by short wave infrared measurement.The muscovite has close relationship with gold mineralization.Gold grade has the positive correlation with peak intensity，contrast of intensity，symmetry of peak in short wave infrared spectrum.Aluminum-poor muscovite have the indicate significance of heat center.Aluminum-poor muscovite distribute in the deep drill.With the increase of depth，there have still stable trend of aluminum-poor muscovite distribution.This shows that the depth of metallogenic heat source is deeper，indicating that the depth of gold deposit has great potential for prospecting.

As the best carrier of gold, the existence of pyrite in gold deposits implies some metallogenic information. The crystal form , grain size, micro morphology and S/Fe of pyrite closely relate to gold metallogeny. Especially, the gold content of pyrite can be used as a true mark of gold mineralization. It is of important sign if icance for gold prospection to pay attention to those characters of pyrite.

We describe the geophysical technologies and methods of china’s resources exploration briefly and consider
that the integrated application of high resolution, high precision,multi-disciplinary and multi-orientation technology will become inevitable trend of geophysical development. According to the application of geophysical methods in prospecting,we divide it into three stages of metallogenic prognosis, prospecting prediction and mass screening evaluation, different tages adopt proper method. Through the experiment study on the Jingerquan copper nickel conbalt polymetallic medium ore deposit in Hami of Xinjiang and Daijiazhuang lead zinc mine in Dangchang of Gansu,we consider that the effect of geophysical exploration methods in polymetallic prospecting prediction and evaluation is obvious.

Africa is the most important gold producing area in the world，and one of the hot spots to attract gold exploration investment as well.Based on the systematic collection and processing of the advances of the previous research on typical gold deposits and regional metallogenesis in the African continent，the spatial and temporal distribution of gold deposits in the African continent is summarized briefly in this article，which made the achievements below.The African continent consists mainly of four ancient cratons （i.e.Kalahari Craton，West Africa Craton，Congo Craton，and Sahara Meta-Craton） and Neoproterozoic orogenic belts developed around these cratons，as well as some Mesozoic basins developed on the cratons.The gold deposits predominantly occur in the ancient craton，especially in the Kalahari Craton in southern Africa and West African Craton in north-western Africa，where are the world famous gold producing areas.A small proportion of gold deposits are distributed in the Neoproterozoic orogenic belts，such as the Nubian Shield，and other Pan-African orogenic belts.There are many types of gold deposits in African，including conglomerate，orogenic，VMS，intrusion-related，porphyry，epithermal and IOCG types，with the former two being the most important types.The ore-forming age of gold deposits in Africa is mainly concentrated in three periods，i.e.Archean，Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic.The enrichment of huge-sized conglomerate-type gold deposits in the Witwatersrand Basin of South Africa may be mainly related to their paleo-sedimentary environment，i.e.the alluvial braided river plain，while the gold enrichment in West African Craton，as the most important Paleoproterozoic gold region in the world，mainly attributes to the large amount of carbonaceous in the strata.Although many world-class gold deposits have been found in the African continent，their prospecting potential remains significant，especially in the search for orogenic gold deposits，as both the ancient craton and the Neoproterozoic orogenic belt occurring around the craton are favorable tectonic environments for the formation of orogenic gold deposits.For the gold exploration in the African continent，it is suggested that not only pay much attention to the deep prospecting of discovered gold deposits，but also to searching for the semi-buried and buried deposits，especially in the shallow covered areas of West African Craton and Congo Craton.By means of advanced geophysical，geochemical and remote sensing，the breakthrough of gold prospecting is expected.

Environmental-friendly reagent Jinchan was used as a substitute for sodium cyanide to treat Xiajiadian gold mine,and the leaching effect of Jinchan and sodium cyanide was compared.The results showed that the leaching rate of Jinchan and sodium cyanide was 88.55% and 88.73% respectively,which was basically the same when the dosage of reagents was 200 g/t；When Jinchan dosage was 300 g/t，the leaching rate of 89.87% could be obtained，which was obviously better than the leaching effect of sodium cyanide under the optimal conditions；When using Jinchan，the adsorption and desorption effects were the same as that of sodium cyanide,with gold desorption rate of 98.99% and 98.97%, respectively；Jinchan as a substitute for sodium cyanide，could significantly improve technical and economic indicators，and moreover，in view of the non-toxicity of Jinchan，the invisible benefits of transportation，management，environmental protection and safety also would be obtained.

The wet smelt system technics can distill argentine with nitric acid and distill aurum with aqua fortis in the cyanogens golden mud．But the technics will produce acid gas，it is impo~ant how to deal with the acid gas·This article introduce a way that can absorb the acid gas．And the way can reclaim the acid gas and the aurum in the acid gas，the way can make economy profits and community benefit

The Muruntau and the Kumtor gold deposits in the middle Asia Tian-shan.was super-large deposits of thousand ton level.The feature of Muruntau-type gold deposits was which in the carbonaceous clastic rocks.and the ore was quartz stockwork and the stringer vein.The Xinjiang Tian-shan was joined with the miner alization belt which aforementioned deposits in it.In the Xinjiang Tian-shan.the Nanati zone and the southern Tian-shan zone was the most perspective for search for mineds of the Muruntau-type gold deposits.The Saw ayartun deposits in souther Tian-shan was a Muruntau-type gold deoposits.which first finded in China.

In the process of fishing for concealed go ld-bearing breccia pipe in the sub volcanic complex in Qibaoshan area in Shandong Province, after detailed making tectonic-pet rogenic metallogenic texture model of the sub volcanic complex and fluid geneous-tectonic-metallogenic texture model o f the know n or e-bearing brecciapipe, pr edict ing and optimize looking for mineral deposits barn areas, we took advanced geochemistry and geophysical means to test and survey, and not only determined precise posit ion of the concealed ore-bearing brecciapipe, and still delineate and circle it s shape and size finally. This will raise prognostic precision of concealed mineral deposit,depress exploratory risk.

Bilihe gold deposit in Inner Mongolia is located in the northern margin of the North China Craton Paleozoic accretionary zone，which is important area of Sn-Mo mineralazation area in the northern China.Intrusion related to mineralization intruded into the volcanic rocks， is the main ore-forming rock formed in the northern margin of the late Paleozoic active continental North China Craton’s edge of accretionary-collisions transition setting,composed of granodiorite （porphyry） rock（272 to 269 Ma）.The main ore bodies as consealed state lie in the granodiorite rock body and the contact zone between the granodiorite and wall rock.Ore grade from the terrane’scenter to its outer gradually depleted.Ores mainly make up of granodiorite porphyry with a large number of sheeted auriferous quartz veins，stockworks and the typical unidirectional solidifition texture（UST） in contact，and a positive correlation with the gold grade.Metal sulphide content of the ore is very low（less than 2%）.Alterations are first potassium and silicifiedand second kaolin in the intrusion，and widely illitization propylitization outer.Geochemical Character of Au±Bi±Te±W±As±Sn±Cu±W±Mo is similar to the intrusion-related gold deposits. Ore-bearing  quartz fluid is an aqueous solution containing CO2，with the native homogenization temperature of 430~550 ℃ and less than 380 ℃ and salinity of 0.88%~8.68% NaCl and 12.5%~17.5% NaCl.The study showed that the early ore-forming fluids come from the magma，and have varying degrees of precipitation with the uplift of the mineralization space and the mineralization process.Geochronology studies have shown that the molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of the granodioritic porphyry is 272.7±1.6 Ma，mineralization began in the late of the granodiorite magma.Deposit characteristics show that Bilihe gold deposit conforms to the across Eurasia global intrusion-related gold mineralization，and is a typical representative of the same type gold deposits in China.

The column introducing devolopable procedure and successful representive in production of Technique extracting gold from gold ore with cyanide was made.Each technique of cyanide were compared.I laid special stress on character of each technique of cyanide and each key factor which we should pay attention to.I bring forward devolopable direction of technique extracting gold from now.

Machangqing alkalite intrusive rock ismultiperiodic and multistage magmatic activity superimposed intrusive composite rock in west of Yunnan. The time limit of magmatic activity is 52 ～29 Ma, the earliest time began at 52Ma,mid time of it is 47～42Ma, and the latter time of it is 37～29Ma. Using ICP-MS testing the age of molybdenite Re-Os isotope of Baoxingchang porphyry copper, molybdenum deposit, get the pattern age is 34.9±0.8～36.0 ±0.5Ma, the average of it is 35.3±0.7Ma, which indicated thatmetallogenic time limit is about 35～36Ma. The result of above tallied with later granite-porphyry (29～37Ma) of Machangqing complex rock, showed thatmineralization mainly related with later magmatic invasive activity. The existing two ore occurrence shape and mineral compound form ofMachangqing copper, molybdenum polymetallic ore deposit belonged to the production of syn-mineralization; the different representation in different space of syn-mineralization, belonged to same mineralization system. Porphyry copper, molybdenum deposit of Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan mineralization beltwas the production of the syn-min-eralization, and mineralization time limit focused in 35～36Ma.

The author through to the GPX exchange form document text attribute thorough analysis and the research,divides into it the basic information, navigation information,the flight path information three parts,and summarized the navigation information basic structure.With the aid of the memorandum,EXCEL produce GPX exchange form navigation information,has constructed to a MAPSOURCE batch input navigation flow, simultaneously also meant has realized to the GPS batch input coordinates function,has consummated MAPSOURCE,the GPS function, solved MAPSOURCE,GPS has been unable the batch input navigation coordinates insufficiency,enhanced the geology working efficiency greatly,received the multitudinous geologist high praise.

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has an extraordinary impact on economy and society of industry and environment. In this view, we presented research progress on biologic characteristic, isolation, purification and mobilization, genetics and its application in order to make full use of the widely distributed strain.

(U—Th)／He dating method is a new radiogenic isotope dating method rapidly developed in recent years，which has been applied widely in the research field of basic geology．At first，we simply present the(U—Th)／He dating principle and summarize its technique development and application results in geological research．Furthermore，we discuss the feasibility of(U—Th)／He dating in determining the forming age of nonmetallic—metallic ore deposit，the succeeding alteration and unroofing age of metallic ore deposit

Manzhanggang gold deposit in QingHai Province had discoveried 37 strips gold orebody and other lowgrades, which of M4 has exploited ten years, accumulated produced gold nearly  tentons. We discuss this area of geochemistry characteristics and prospecting, this area should prospect quartzpulsmaily in prospecting director.

According to the metallogenesis, metallogentic environment and deposit characteristics, the gold deposit in the drainage area of Honghe river(Yunnan section)can be divided into 4 types: eluvial-taulus;diluvial;alluvial2diluvial;alluvial. The metallogenesis in mainly controlled by basement rock,geomorphology, weather fault-river and hydrochemical environment. The most potential area is Yuanyang-Jimping area.

More extensive low-grade oxidized deposits of gold are dispersed over Longnan mountain regions in Gansu Prov ince.Their characteristics are zonal dist ribution,large scale and low grade.Gold can be ext racted by means of tank leaching,heap leaching and cyaniding,less capital and more quickly effective,realizing returns on an investment in just one year.The profit ratio of the capital is very high.They possess many feasible factors in the development and utilization.

Ganzi-Muli is a main metallogenic belt in western China.By studying it’s metallogenic geological backgrounds, characteristics of structural activities, main types of the gold deposits and ore-controlling factors, and in virtue of the statistical prediction of DPIS(Deposit Positioning Inspecting System) and comprehensive information statistics, seven oreprospecting areas, identically, four A-type prospective areas and three B-type ones among them have been lineated. Furthermore, metallogenic characteristics and prospecting direction of every areas above have been discussed.

Refractory gold ores are the main resources of the development of golden industry for the future,A lot o f studying and developing work have been carried on for the pretreatment of refractory gold ores and subsequent cyanide gold refining in the recent 10 yeras,in which the oxidation roast,hydrometallurgy and microbio oxidation have been applied to the industry.This paper gives a brief view for the present situation and problems of refractory gold ores cyanide gold refining.

Pressure leaching method，which is an effective method of pretreatment in gold ore or concentrate with sulfur and arsenic，has many advantages：shorten the process，improve leaching rate,not produce the sulfur dioxide. The main reactions of sulfide，iron and arsenic compounds in high temperature oxidation include three approaches：the full oxidation of sulfur to be sulfide or sulfate，divalent iron during the reaction to be ferric，arsenic to be arsenate. As the decreasing resources of easy ore processing，pressure leaching method has been used more and more widely in industrial applications while the research of leaching mechanism is relatively less.We reviewed the chemical reactions of arsenic，sulfur and iron in the pressure leaching process.

The characteristics of ref ractory gocd ores and the principles of selecting pret reatment program are introduced.The deretopmeent and new trends of the methods of roast,pressure oxidation and bio-oxidation in recent years are nutsheu.

Phapon gold mine locates in the middle of the Luang Prabang island arc belt，which is the south part of Sanjiang ore cluster area in China.It is controlled by structures and the orebody occurs in the Carboniferous- Lower Permian marine carbonate strata.Rare metal mineral in the ore，and gangue mineral is given priority to with calcite，the deposit is a less sulfide type middle-low temperature hydrothermal deposit.Through field investigation，combining previous research results，we analyse and study the structure characteristics and ore-controlling role of the region and mining area.Researches show that the NW Luang Prabang arc fault controls regional structural framework，the secondary parallel F5 ductile-brittle shear belt controls the distribution of stratigraphic，mineralization and alteration and geochemical anomalies，the secondary syntropy F1 and F2 ductile-brittle shear belt controls the distribution of stratum and gold belt；the derived structure NNW tensional-shear faults controls the mineralization and  alteration belting，position and output of gold ore body.Intersections of mineralization structure is advantageous position.As an  important symbols，with stratum and mineralization and alteration，structure is used to guide peripheral ore prospecting.

The gold is a sparse precious metal, having the special resources product of the currency and merchandise dual attribute, the gold has a very big need market. Curently prepare the processing method to have already baked to burn to oxidize a method, heat to press to oxidize a method, living creature to oxidize a method, chemistry to oxidize a met}lod, heap to immerse a method, microwave to oxidize a method mainly etc. towards containing the cyanotype poison to immerse the gold method at home and abroad. But for dificult processing gold mine of immerse without the cyanotype poison the gold method contain the thiourea method, the halide turns a method, many sulphide metthods, the sulphur generation vitriol method, float to choose a method etc. Therefore just in the new method that looks for the new environmental protection type continuously.

Shear z0He is a linear high．strain belt，which grows in inner earth crust． In the past 20 years，the abundance 0f achievements has reached about the relationship of shear zone and gold mineralization．This paper introduces the reseaI℃h achievement that is about shear zone and gold deposit from 5 parts，there are the time，space，elements migrating enrichment，mineralized alteration type and metallogenic dynamics．Longing the geological occupation stress the role of the relationship of shear zone and gold deposit．

Because cyanide is poisonous，it can pollute environment by using cyanidation to deal with gold ore.Meanwhile,with the problem of poor effective in the leaching of complex gold,many scholars try to find better method to instead cyanide.The advantages of non-cyanidation gold leaching technology are non-toxic，fast leaching speed and strong adaptability for impurity,it is subjected to favour.We review the research advance and application status of non-cyanide gold leaching technology.The thiourea,thiosulfate,thiocyanate,polysulfide and calcium polysulphides,halogen and its compound and their advantages and disadvantages，are emphatically introduced.We advocate non-toxic and more effective gold leaching technology to attain the goal of efficient，environmental protection purpose and adapt to industrialization production.

This paper discussed Metallogenic Area and zoning and metallogenic conditions and Metallogenic prospect of important gold mineralized concentration Area in China

Tongshi area in Pingyi county is the most important gold mineralized area in western part,Shangdong Province.The gold deposit types are com plicated,can be divided into five types;hydrothermal breccia gold deposit,similar beded disseminated gold deposit in limestone,old karst cave gold deposit,porphyry gold deposit and skarn gold deposit.The form of these gold deposits are related to Tongshi subvoleanie complex.Among these types，hydrotermal breccia gold deposit,similar beded disseminated gold deposit in limestone and porphyry gold deposit are the important prospecting type and direction.

The characteristic and composition of carbonaceous minerals in gold ores were reviewed. The negative action of carbonaceous minerals and pretreating processes to eliminate their influence in the gold cyanide process, as well as direct extractive technologies were summarized. The review was focused on aqueous chlorination as pretreating process and direct extraction of gold with hypochloric acid solution.

This paper outlines a general status in developing and utilizing mineral resources in China，points out that the key to the indispensable way to sustainable evelopment lies in the resources comprehensive utilization，the paper and proposes comes up with the countermeasure for sustainable development of mineral resources in China．

Liaoxi sag as a limited study area, choosing three large-scale gold deposits (Baizhangzi,Jinchanggouliang,Paishan lou) as the research objects, we found that structure-magmatic hydrothermal can explain the ore-forming process and mechan ism of this kind of gold deposits. There are two conditions to form this kind of deposits: the first one is large mineralization spatial domain in local m inera lization ( w idely deve loped source bed / rock, large-scale structure and act ivation, large local geophysica l and geochem ical field); the second one is d ifferent kinds of ore-forming conditions ( different kinds of sources, several ore-forming activities, over prints and alterations in different ages).This paper build the prospecting model of area and ore deposit and body synthesized information of large-scale gold deposit in Liaoxi sag, by synthesizing the conditions which are mentioned above, and the information from geophysical prospecting, geochemical exploration, remote sensing, mineralogical, etc. It summarized that the main areas of prospecting of general large-scale gold deposit should exist in the triangle area formed by two deep-large faults ( Jinxi-Fuxin fault and Yaolugou-Jinxi fault), by synthesizing the characteristics o f structural location, magmatic activity,alteration zonation of deposit productive area.

Shuijingtun gold deposit is located in the central axis of the Zhangjiakou-Xuanhua mantle branch and in the west of alkaline hornblende monzonite in the area of Shuiquangou-Dananshan in Zhangjiakou. Gold mineralization appears in the middle of ductile shear zone in Shangyi-Chicheng. Gold-bearing minerals are mainly the natural gold and electrum,which are attached to clay minerals or with in crevices of quartz,pyrite and galena as w ell as in between grains of cements,disseminating as vein let or in disseminated and granular shape.Wall rock alteration are the silici-fied,pyritized and sericitized.This paper holds that the metallogenic material of Shuijingtun gold deposit are mainly from core-mantle in depth,based on the research of the elements correlation coefficient as well as the characteristics of some isotopes,such as sulfur,lead,hydrogen and oxygen,etc.