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Gold Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 664-675.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.05.169

• Mineral Exploration and Resource Evaluation • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Geochemical Composition and Genetic Analysis of Gabbro of Saibagou Gold Deposit,Qinghai Province

Jia XING1(),Jianguo WANG1,2(),Zhinan WANG1,Jian HU1,Shengyun WEI1   

  1. 1.Department of Geological Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Science and Technology, Beijing 102628, China
  • Received:2021-11-17 Revised:2022-06-19 Online:2022-10-31 Published:2022-12-10
  • Contact: Jianguo WANG E-mail:1779823777@qq.com;lywjg467047@126.com

Abstract:

The Saibagou gold deposit is one of the medium-size gold deposits located in the Wulan-Dulan strategic metallic ore concentration area in northern Qaidam Basin.The regional tectonic location spans the Tanjianshan magmatic arc,ophiolite melange in the northern Qaidam Basin and Olongbulak microcontinent,and is located at the intersection of Wahongshan-Wenquan fracture and Yuka-Wulan fracture.The formation of the deposit is strictly controlled by the fracture structure.There are two groups of fracture belts in the mining area,namely the NW trending thrust fracture and the NE trending shift fracture,and the gold orebody are mainly developed in the NW brittle-ductile shearing belt in veins,irregular,branched veins and lenticular.The main ore types are structural altered rock type and quartz vein type.Magmatism in the mining area is strong,and the active ages mainly include Late Variscan-Indosinian and Neoproterozoic,especially the Variscan magmatic activity is the most significant.Magmatic rocks exposed in the mining area are mainly gabbro and granite,in which gabbro and ore body have close spatial correlation.The magmatic rock samples used in this study were all taken from fresh gabbro after stripping regolith around the orebody of Saibagou gold deposit.The element analysis of the whole rock was conducted by the Qinghai Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau,including the detection of major elements,trace elements and rare earth elements.The results show that all gabbro in Saibagou gold deposit are tholeiite basalt,mainly alkaline gabbro and subalkaline gabbro,most of which are calcalkaline series or low potassium (tholeiite) series gabbro,and a small amount of shoshonite series gabbro exist.Gabbros are characterized by high total alkali content,enrichment of Na,Al and light rare earth elements,strong enrichment of large ion lithophile elements Sr,and depletion of high field strength elements Nb and Ti.Through in-depth analysis and comparison of the La/Nb and Zr/Ba values,Hake diagram,Rb/Y-Nb/Y ratio diagram,La-La/Sm diagram,La/Yb-Nb/Ta diagram and Th/Nb-Ce/Nb diagram of gabbro in Saibaigou gold deposit,it is determined that the gabbro primary magma of Saibagou gold deposit originated from the lithospheric mantle magma which experienced fractional crystallization,assimilation and contamination,and partial melting during the the process of ascending and invaded,and intruded into the shallow crust to form gabbro primitive magma.

Key words: lithospheric mantle, geochemistry, gabbro, petrogenesis, magmatic origin, Saibagou gold deposit, Qinghai Province

CLC Number: 

  • P618.51

Fig.1

Distribution map of ore deposits in the Saibagou area(modified after Tang et al.,2021)"

Fig.2

Geotectonic location map of the northern Qaidam Basin(modified after Tang et al.,2021)"

Fig.3

Geological map of Saibagou gold deposit(modified after Tang et al.,2021)"

Fig.4

Gabbro samples and microscopic photographs"

Table 1

Analysis results of main components of gabbro"

组分样品编号及分析结果/%
SBG-1SBG-2SBG-3SBG-4SBG-5SBG-6SBG-7SBG-8SBG-9
SiO246.9846.2045.3550.8952.2348.0444.1245.0147.46
TiO20.370.120.610.360.381.180.810.631.61
Al2O313.1215.2816.1713.8914.6411.5717.6715.0612.12
TFe2O311.125.9711.9710.7811.289.8513.4310.4315.19
MnO0.180.130.130.190.180.180.220.170.23
MgO9.5313.914.985.095.9010.486.169.156.42
CaO11.3514.0117.3210.278.1512.0211.6410.377.20
Na2O1.180.891.521.181.581.831.742.332.64
K2O0.300.570.080.220.162.160.240.570.44
P2O50.020.010.080.070.070.500.160.120.15
SO30.020.010.010.020.010.050.370.010.09
LOI5.822.891.807.045.422.163.436.166.45
Total99.9999.99100.02100.00100.00100.0299.99100.01100.00

Fig.5

Total alkali-silica(TAS) classification diagram(Middlemost,1994)"

Fig.6

Nb/Y-Zr/ P2O5 diagram(Miyashiro,1974) and silicon-potassium diagram(Artiola,1994)"

Table 2

Analysis results of trace element of gabbro"

组分样品编号及分析结果/(×10-6
SBG-1SBG-2SBG-3SBG-4SBG-5SBG-6SBG-7SBG-8SBG-9
Rb7.6039.900.908.308.70148.004.308.005.40
K2 5004 6007001 8001 20017 7001 9004 8003 700
Ba182.50108.0019.2077.4043.601 25092.60105.5080.10
Th0.530.160.520.450.5912.600.971.370.54
U0.330.050.640.120.154.000.270.200.35
Nb0.400.302.501.101.2016.303.601.404.90
Sr5551879772752971 105534300135
P90303402903002 090730520640
Zr1444415154842349112
Hf0.400.101.100.500.5010.500.901.302.90
Ti2 1207003 6102 0802 1806 8504 6103 7609 360
Y7.804.4015.9011.2011.7035.1020.7018.8037.60
Yb0.860.461.591.271.222.72.011.743.76
Lu0.140.070.250.210.210.400.300.260.57
Zn4437386769979571118
Sc49.7035.0023.7045.5044.5029.2042.5039.2045.60
Cr3401 630200801006202053040
Co45.6035.6020.5026.0028.4033.0038.3044.3047.70
Cd0.030.040.090.090.050.120.080.080.09
Ag0.010.010.010.010.010.010.030.010.16
Be0.110.050.520.230.363.190.330.380.42
As4.902.002.504.406.503.503.303.804.00
Bi0.020.091.150.040.030.210.040.020.01
Cu125.501.503.30109.50157.0045.50154.507.00147.00
Ga11.5510.0527.7014.3513.5018.1521.3014.9019.50
Ge0.200.180.180.160.160.320.250.300.27
In0.0430.0220.1000.0580.0510.0840.0730.0570.097
Mo0.520.321.700.460.780.450.540.230.29
Zr/Ba0.0760.0372.290.200.340.380.250.461.40

Fig.7

Standardized spider diagram of the primitive mantle for trace elements"

Table 3

Analysis results of rare earth element of gabbro"

组分样品编号及分析结果/(×10-6
SBG-1SBG-2SBG-3SBG-4SBG-5SBG-6SBG-7SBG-8SBG-9
La3.000.904.604.406.5069.609.107.406.20
Ce6.001.709.309.3011.70155.0021.7017.1017.00
Pr0.780.191.331.061.2419.602.842.172.49
Nd3.400.906.604.705.5078.1013.309.7012.80
Sm0.940.351.941.311.3514.953.492.584.13
Eu0.350.210.750.470.443.221.050.831.49
Gd1.110.532.331.721.7711.403.452.685.46
Tb0.190.100.410.280.291.500.570.470.95
Dy1.280.682.551.721.887.163.472.916.11
Ho0.290.160.60.390.421.290.730.641.31
Er0.850.461.731.241.153.282.031.853.91
Tm0.130.070.260.190.180.470.300.270.60
Yb0.860.461.591.271.222.702.011.743.76
Lu0.140.070.250.210.210.400.300.260.57
∑REE19.326.7834.2428.2633.85368.6764.3450.6066.78
LREE14.474.2524.5221.2426.73340.4751.4839.7844.11
HREE4.852.539.727.027.1228.2012.8610.8222.67
LREE/HREE2.981.682.523.033.7512.074.003.681.95
LaN/YbN2.361.321.962.343.6017.423.062.871.11
&Eu1.051.491.080.960.870.730.910.960.96
&Ce0.900.930.870.990.910.970.990.991.01

Fig.8

Standardized distribution pattern diagram of rare earth element spheroidal meteorites"

Fig.9

Diagram of the Rb/Y-Nb/Y ratio(Duan et al.,2017)"

Fig.10

La-La/Sm diagram,La/Yb-Nb/Ta diagram and Th/Nb-Ce/Nb diagram(Xiao et al.,2021)"

Fig.11

Harker diagram"

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