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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 773-784.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.05.082

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

巷道岩体结构面“人工+半自动”识别方法及应用研究

赵晓明1,2(),李想3,李杰林3(),杨彤飞1,2,郑佳晨1,2,杨博4,李长军4   

  1. 1.华北有色工程勘察院有限公司，河北 石家庄 050000
    2.自然资源部金属矿山地下水灾害防治工程技术创新中心，河北 石家庄 050000
    3.中南大学资源与安全工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083
    4.天河道云（北京）科技有限公司，北京 100176
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-31 修回日期:2023-07-23 出版日期:2023-10-31 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 李杰林 E-mail:707473672@qq.com;lijielin@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵晓明（1979-），男，河北石家庄人，高级工程师，从事矿山防治水工作。707473672@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中南大学研究生校企联合创新项目“采空区三维激光扫描精细探测及安全评价研究”(2022XQLH104);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放课题“深部高应力巷道围岩结构面与危险块体自动识别方法研究”(2020-JSKS-SYS-06)

Research on “Manual+Semi-automatic” Identification Method and Application of Roadway Rock Mass Structural Plane

Xiaoming ZHAO1,2(),Xiang LI3,Jielin LI3(),Tongfei YANG1,2,Jiachen ZHENG1,2,Bo YANG4,Changjun LI4   

  1. 1.North China Non-Ferrous Engineering Survey Institute Co. , Ltd. , Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
    2.Innovation Center of Metal Mine Groundwater Disaster Prevention Engineering Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
    3.School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
    4.Tianhe Daoyun (Beijing) Technology Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100176, China
  • Received:2023-05-31 Revised:2023-07-23 Online:2023-10-31 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Jielin LI E-mail:707473672@qq.com;lijielin@163.com

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摘要：

为了实现对地下巷道围岩结构面点云数据高质量、高精度的识别和优化，利用三维激光扫描技术开展了地下巷道岩体结构面测量及识别研究。以云南省彝良县洛泽河镇毛坪铅锌矿910 m中段运输巷道为例，开展了三维激光扫描与结构面信息提取工作，并利用Pointstudio软件对所获取的点云数据进行坐标校正、拼接、除噪和抽稀等处理，最后将现场人工测量和人工识别、半自动识别与人工识别等结构面识别方法进行对比验证和分析。结果表明：在地下矿山巷道中，针对巷道围岩中出露形态复杂的结构面，采用“人工+半自动”识别相结合的方法进行地下巷道岩体结构面识别，所获取的结构面数据更加准确和全面，为巷道结构面信息识别和几何特征提取提供了一种新的思路。

关键词: 地下巷道, 结构面识别, 三维激光扫描, 点云数据, 结构面测量

Abstract:

Roadway is the main engineering for the development，production and transportation of underground metal mines.The stability of surrounding rock of underground roadway will directly affect the safety production of the mine.The structural analysis of roadway rock mass was carried out to obtain the spatial characteristics of the surrounding rock structural plane，so as to analyze the characteristics and instability of blocks cutted by structural plane，and identify the dangerous area of roadway block instability，so as to provide a good guarantee for roadway safety.The information acquisition of rock mass structural plane includes the measurement of occurrence，trace length，spacing and opening degree.At present，there are mainly full manual identification，semi-manual identification and automatic identification methods to carry out rock mass structural plane identification.Different methods have different effects on the identification accuracy of rock mass structural plane，but it is generally difficult to accurately distinguish the surrounding rock defects and structural plane of underground roadways，and the accuracy of the identified structural plane data is poor.Therefore，it is very necessary to develop a safe and accurate rock mass structural plane measurement and identification technology to provide accurate data support for the accurate deconstruction and stability analysis of roadway structural plane.In order to strengthen the high quality and high precision identification and optimization of the structural point cloud data of the surrounding rock of underground roadway，the research on the measurement and identification of the structural plane of underground roadway rock mass was carried out based on 3D laser scanning technology.In this paper，the structural plane identification method based on point cloud data was summarized，and three-dimensional laser scanning and structural plane information extraction were carried out in the 910 m midsection transportation roadway of Maoping lead-zinc mine，Luozehe Town，Yilang County，Yunnan Province.Finally，the field manual measurement and manual identification，semi-automatic identifi-cation and manual identification were compared and verified and analyzed.The results show that in the underground mine roadway，when the combination of manual identification and semi-automatic identification was used to identify the rock mass structural plane of the roadway，the obtained structural plane data is more accurate and comprehensive.Due to the advantages of high precision and convenience of 3D laser scanning，the combination of “manual+semi-automatic”identification method has great further optimization in the measurement and identification of rock mass structural plane of underground roadway.It provides a new idea for the identification of tunnel structural plane information and the extraction of geometric features，and provides an efficient and accurate measurement method for the identification of tunnel structural plane.

Key words: underground roadway, structural plane identification, three-dimensional laser scanning, point cloud data, structural plane measurement

中图分类号: 

  • P585.2

图1

测量区域选取"

图2

测量站点架设"

图3

巷道点云数据模型"

图4

点云数据坐标匹配"

图5

围岩实测照片和点云数据扫描结构面特征对比"

图6

结构面特征识别的对比验证"

图7

结构面拟合验证"

表1

人工选取结构面识别与传统罗盘测量结果误差"

测量点平均倾向/（°）平均倾角/（°）平均差值
罗盘测量5366-
测量点14177倾向12°，倾角11°
测量点22080倾向23°，倾角14°
测量点32977倾向24°，倾角11°
测量点45570倾向2°，倾角4°

图8

点云数据结构面产状划分"

图9

研究区域划分"

图10

巷道区域划分"

图11

岩体结构面识别结果"

图12

岩体结构面识别区域"

表2

结构面识别结果"

序号距离/m倾角/（°）倾向/（°）长度/m
10.50248.71045.3230.463
20.53050.78862.6010.689
30.65750.521257.7350.524
40.80572.196229.4410.700
51.18847.16385.7220.511
61.43170.671318.6300.610
71.80767.868327.1530.438
81.85860.332330.4440.766
93.12776.597208.3830.846
103.20471.638214.9920.904
113.70577.771318.7120.857
124.42075.932331.1851.244
134.72462.339311.7660.953
145.36156.631247.1640.348
155.45754.570269.0420.247
166.63165.778272.3700.439
177.26984.909344.5670.408
187.41779.184325.2980.432
197.55653.99656.02700.415
208.08058.446294.7480.975
219.00370.242314.9580.638
229.86651.262281.4700.493
239.99569.971318.3910.641
2410.45761.27344.0880.599
2510.60259.355283.2600.371
2611.02380.960331.7340.469
2711.36060.214281.4440.748
2811.57571.872329.6680.554

图13

岩体结构面识别区域识别结果"

图14

不同区域岩体结构面识别结果"

图15

结构面产状"

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