Jiaodong Peninsula is the most important and largest concentration region of gold deposits in China.Recent studies show that gold deposits in Jiaodong area are closely related to craton destruction in the North China.Metallogenic and diagenetic age initially suggested that Guojialing granite is the geological body of gold mineralization in northwest Jiaodong area.Despite the mineralization age of Dayingezhuang and Xiadian gold deposit certify a directly relationgship to the early Cretaceous Guojialing granite，there is no emersion of Guojialing granite in south Zhaoyuan.Linear and annular structures are obtained by remote sensing interpretation，and the possible location of concealed rock mass is delineated by comprehensive exploration using aeromagnetic method，Eh-4 coutinuous resistivity imaging system and CG-5 relative gravimeter.The measurement results indicate that Guojialing granite magnetic anomaly is not obvious，it invades in concealed rock dendritic with medium-high resistivity（1 000~3 000 Ω·m） and lower relative gravity anomaly（<8 mGal），and the buried depth is about 1 km.The altered fracture zone associated with mineralization is an electrical body with low resistivity（0~1 000 Ω·m），and distinguished from other geological bodies.The combined application of a variety of geophysical exploration methods has a good effect on locating concealed intrusions and identifying altered fracture zones.
Dashuigou tellurium deposit is the first independent tellurium deposit in the world，which produces unique Bi-Te mineral species.There are still many excavation points in the mineralogy.In order to further study on the special Te-Bi minerals in Dashuigou deposit，EMPA，BSE images and element scanning analysis were carried on to discover the new composition of “Bi5Te”，which maybe a new mineral phase.However，due to the small mineral particles，it can’t exclude the possibility of mixing at a certain proportion of the known Bi-Te minerals on the nanometer scale，which deserves further studies including the high resolution SEM，TEM，and micro-zone XRD.
Huanglong gold deposit is located in Shiquan-Shenhe ductile decollement thrust-nappe belt of South Qinling.There is a set of deformed metamorphic rocks of the Lower Silurian Meiziya Formation（S1m） in the mine area，mainly with sericite quartz schist，which has undergone many stages of structural deformation and metamorphism.The ore-controlling structure，alteration and mineralization are complex，and the magmatic rocks aren’t developed in this area.Based on the field investigation，the development of rock schistosity，fold deformation and faults in the mine area indicates that the rocks have experienced strong ductile shearing.According to the development degree，scale and density of structures（faults，folds，rock schistosity and mylonitization） in the mine area，three brittle-ductile shear zones with strong deformation can be identified.These three brittle-ductile shear zones constitute the regional brittle-ductile shear zone RF4（DSZ2），and tending NW，which are consistent with gold orebodies in each section.Through comprehensive study，it is believed that the brittle-ductile shear zone is an important metallogenic mechanism and ore-controlling factor of Huanglong gold deposit，the mineralization type of the mine has the characteristics of vertical mineralization zonation of the ductile shear zone gold deposit.
Western Guangxi is located in the southwestern margin of the South China Block and the northern side of North Vietnam Block.Mafic dikes which widely developed in this region is an important component of the tectonic and magmatism in Late Paleozoic of Yangtze block.Yangxu mafic rocks have similar geochemical properties with Emeishan basalt，it shows an enrichment of LILE，HFSE，and significant fractionation between LREE and HREE，that akin to ocean island basalts OIB.These suggestive of an affinity with the Emeishan high-Ti basalts and also reflects the source have characteristics of intraplate magmatism.The ratio of trace elements and related diagrams may indicate that Yangxu mafic rocks came from the enriched OIB mantle source region.Combined with the geochemical characteristics of rocks and regional geological background，it is considered that Yangxu mafic rocks may be the products of magmatism of the mantle plume of Emeishan.On the whole，it is related to the intraplate magmatic environment，and its genesis may be affected by the interaction between intraplate magma and island arcbasalt.
Pyrite is the most common and important gold-bearing minerals in gold deposits.The color，crystal form and structure of pyrite can be used to evaluate the gold potentiality of ore.Through the method of combination of hand specimen observation，chemical analysis and microscopic analysis，based on the study of typomorphic characteristics of pyrite in Daiwangshan gold deposit，Aohanqi，Inner Mongolia，this paper summarized the typomorphic characteristics of pyrite with the gold potentiality of ore.The results show that the following typomorphic characteristics are very significant for prospecting：pyrite with rich gold is light yellow，yellow，dark yellow，but yellow white with low gold content；the content of pyrite and gold grade is positively related；gold-bearing properities of pyritohedron is better than the cube；the pyrite with complex crystal shape，subidiomorphic and xenomorphic，the fine grain，fracture development are gold enriched.Pyrite or its oxide （limonite） with vesicular，banded，disseminated，stockwork structure are gold enriched.
Different mines generally have different water-inrush forms and mechanisms.Xinli mining area locates under sea floor，of Sanshandao gold mine.Some factors，such as hydrogeological condition，surrounding rock mechanics properties，orebody morphology，and the relative position to default decided water inrush mechanism which is different from that of other mines especially coal mine.The possible failure modes of seawater burst prevention structures are closely associated with the Quaternary clay aquiclude on top of orebody and the fault gouge aquiclude of F1.So the isolation layer breaking and the fault slipping of F1 now are the possible water-inrush modes of Xinli mining area.Based on illuminating the essential attributes of the water burst prevention structures，and combined with proper hydrogeological structures of the Xinli seabed mine exploitation.Analysis of the possible failure modes of F1 in different working conditions were carried out by numerical simulation，The simulation results showed that when the mining scale of Xinli orebody was small，the slip range of F1 was limited in the scope near the mined area and had no effect on the section of F1 where penetrating the reserved isolation layer.But with the increase of mining scale，F1 near the isolation layer would terminally slide.
In order to solve the supporting issues of deep soft rock roadway in Jinchuan mine，the steel tube confined concrete supporting technique is used.Taking the 1 000 m tentative roadway in Jinchuan No.2 mine as a prototype，this paper applied a site monitoring and analyzed the surround rock deformation features under three different supporting conditions through FLAC3D software based on a full understanding of the engineering geological condition and the characteristics of roadway deformation under the previous support.The results show that：（1）The maximum surrounding rock displacement can reach 400 mm without support measures，and the displacement of two sides，roof and floor are large.The plastic areas distribution of surrounding rock is an approximate ellipse whose radius of longer axis is 15 m and the other is 9 m.（2）In the condition of composite supporting scheme of bolt-mesh-anchor and U-shaped steel，the maximum surrounding rock displacement is about 35 mm，the displacement of two sides are large，and deformations of roof and floor are controlled well.The plastic areas distribution of surrounding rock is much smaller than no supporting one.（3）In the condition of composite supporting scheme of bolt-mesh-anchor and STCCS（steel tube confined concrete support），the maximum surrounding rock displacement is about 28.5 mm which is reduced by about 20% compared with U-shaped steel support.The plastic areas distribution of surrounding rock is smaller and the roadway is more stable.（4）Both the results of field practice and numerical simulation show that the deformation of the roof is stable and two sides are large under the condition of STCCL.Therefore，STCCL can possess high load-bearing capacity and can be used as relatively reliable support for deep roadways，and the deformation of two sides should be paid more attention.
Xishan mining area of Sanshandao gold mine has gone into operation for 27 years from 1989，it reserved many high grade top and bottom pillar orebody effected by price and grade fluctuation.As some of the complicated occurrence conditions orebodies haven’t been mined when the gold prices is in the doldrums.Mining of top and bottom pillar orebodies faces several technical problems，such as lower strength of the upper cover body，complex surrounding rock condition and resources recovery difficulty etc.The supporting technology of top and bottom pillar orebody in Xishan mining area of Sanshandao gold mine is studied combined with theoretical analysis and field industrial test.The results can provide scientific instruction for determining the support scheme of mining of top and bottom pillar orebody.By innovative using support technology without legs，more than 3 000 tons gold ore was successful stoped in S10190 stope.It also can avoid the steel support knocked down by scraper，reducing the application amount of support material such as I-beam and timber.The technology let the mechanization operation efficiency promoted to improve the mining efficiency of stopes，it has good economic and social results.
Quartz vein type gold deposits is China’s important industrial type of gold deposit，whose gold existing form is native gold.As a kind of high efficient centrifugal separation equipment，Knelson concentrator can effectively isolate natural gold in ore.Knelson dressing is widely used in the process of quartz vein type gold deposits in China because of its high enrichment ratio，environment friendly and other advantages.In order to improve gold recovery，Knelson gravity separation often used with flotation，cyanide，etc.Knelson gravity separation-flotation process and Knelsen gravity separation-full mud cyanide process are the most widely used process in China.In addition，there are a few research on flotation-Knelson gravity separation process and Knelson gravity separation-noncyanide leaching process.The research status of each process were introduced respectively and some production instance of Knelson gravity separation-flotation process and Knelsen gravity separation-full mud cyanide process were listed in this paper.Finally，the conclusion that Knelson gravity separation-flotation process is generally applicable to quartz vein type gold deposits in China was put forward on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each process.
The raw ore of a gold mine in plateau area of Qinghai Province belongs to fine grained altered rock type，the recovery rate of flotation is low.By adjusting the flotation process parameters，the flotation effect has not been significantly improved.Through investigation of grading classification process and analysis of hydrocyclone’s underflow size sieve，it is found that the classification efficiency of hydrocyclone is 43%~ 60%，and the phenomenon of “anti-enrichment” exist in the underflow，in which the gold content of some particles reached above 20×10-6.Those useful minerals of monomeric dissociation were circulated in closed circuit process and easily causing overgrinding and slime encapsulation，which limited the flotability of useful minerals，so the recovery rate is difficult to effectively enhance.The simulation of manufacturing process was conducted in laboratory，by increasing flash flotation operation at the underflow of a hydrocyclone，the yield of concentrate in flash flotation reached 4.07%，and the grade of gold in concentrate reached 38.31×10-6.The useful mineral of monomeric dissociation in the underflow of a hydrocyclone has been collected by the flash flotation to achieve the effect of “early and quick collection”，reducing the probability of overgrinding and slime encapsulation of these useful minerals.The overflow continued to be ground to the required fineness to carry out closed-circuit test of routine flotation，and the comprehensive recovery of gold was increased from 80.90% under the conventional flotation process to 83.96%.
In order to analyse mineral resources utilization in mine，the traditional grey clustering analysis which had been improved was used.The rate of ore dilution，the ore recovery rate and the beneficiation recovery were analyzed，and the year of poor utilization on mineral resources were 1996，1999， 2003，2008，2010 and 2014，and a disaster sequence was formed.A variety of grey prediction model was used to compare predictive analysis and accuracy of disaster sequence，and the differential VERHULST model was determined as the best model.The prediction results show that 2015 is also the case of poor utilization of mine resources.The prediction method can guide the mine to take a series of counter measures in the year when the resource utilization is poor to improve the mine resources comprehensive utilization efficiency.
It is of great practical significance to carry out comprehensive mine cleaner production evaluation for the transformation from traditional mines to green mines.Based on the characteristics of mining and selecting industry，the evaluation index system of cleaner production in gold mines is constructed，which takes mining plant，ore dressing plant and tailings dam of a gold mine in Hunan Province as the main evaluation object.The combination weighting method based on entropy weight-AHP is introduced into the weight analysis and evaluation process to determine the comprehensive weight assignment of each system.Finally，the AHP- Euclidean distance theory is adopted to improve the weight allocation results of each system.The evaluation results show that the mine comprehensive level score is 81.9528，which belongs to the basic level of clean production，and the evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation of mine.At the same time，the successful application of entropy weight-AHP combination weighting method also provides a new method for mine cleaner production evaluation，which can provide reference for cleaner production evaluation and audit of other mining enterprises.
To obtain the rule of micro-pore structure and strength of remolded rare earth samples during the pure water infiltration process，the experiments of indoor simulated leaching，nuclear magnetic resonance and triaxial compression were carried out.The results showed that the microscopic pores in the sample change from medium pore size to large pore size，and the main strength indexes（cohesion and internal friction angle） decreased sharply with leaching time increased.Comprehensive analysis indicated that the seepage action changes the pore structure of orebody to induce the weakening the strength of orebody，and the change of pore structure is the main inducement of weakening the strength of orebody.
With the increasing consumption of social mineral resources and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements，the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources is becoming more and more important.In this paper，the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources in Hanzhong City is taken as an example to analyze the five problems in the development of mining industry，such as lack of basic work， exploitation and utilization level，single mining structure，lagging mine geological environment management and lack of supervision management system.Connect with the “five major development concepts” and the community concept，five dimensions was put forward，such as constructing the regional community，the cooperative community，the ecological community，the community of interests and the governance community，and the problems both in resource conservation and utilization and environmental constraints in the development of the mining industry was explored，to promote healthy and sustainable development of mining in Hanzhong City and provide a new way of thinking in exploitation and utilization of mining city resources development.
Compared with two-dimensional electrode，three-dimensional electrode system is a very effective wastewater treatment method.It has high efficiency mass transfer，low energy consumption，easily operate equipment and good treatment effect.Activated carbon as the particle electrode，cyanide wastewater was treated by three-dimensional electrode and the effects of applied voltage，treatment time，dosage of the particles and the particle size on ion removal rate were mainly studied in this paper.The results show that the treatment process is mainly electro-deposition and the removal rates of CNT，Cu2+，Zn2+，CN- and SCN- were 93.94%，95.22%，97.23%，99.38% and 94.93% respectively，at a applied voltage of 4 V，pole distance of 10 mm，time of 4 h，particle dosage of 2 g and particle size of 1 mm.The changes in applied voltage lead to the changes in ions removal mode.When the voltage is 2 V，the reaction mechanism of three-dimensional electrodes mainly involves electro-adsorption.Electrolytic deposition plays an important role when the voltage is increased to 3 V or more.Cu2+ and Zn2+ are reduced on the cathode and particle electrode surface，while CN- and SCN- are oxidized and decomposed on the anode.
Roasting-acid leaching-cyanide leaching process was used to treat a gold concentrate containing copper.According to the low leaching rate of gold and silver，the technological conditions were optimized.The effects of roasting temperature，roasting time，acid leaching acidity，acid leaching time and mineral particle size on leaching rate of gold and silver were investigated by single factor comparative test.The results showed that under the conditions of roasting temperature of 650 ℃，roasting time was 1 h，acid dipping acidity was 25 g/L，acid leaching time was 1 h and -0.074 mm content was 90%，the leaching rate of gold and silver reached 97.13% and 67.56% respectively，the leaching rate of gold and silver increased by 6.87% and 14.80% respectively，better technological indexes had been obtained.
The self-suction method was often adopted to feed bubbles to the Venturi microbubble generator，which could lead to insufficient flux of microbubbles in engineering applications.In this paper，the compressed air was used to replace the self-suction method，the effect of three bubble intake directions（cross-current，co-current and contra-current） on the bubble diameters generated by a Venturi microbubble generator was investigated by photographic method.The results show that the critical liquid flow rate at the throat is about 4.72 m/s to generate an intensive turbulent shear field to break bubbles into microbubbles（~200 μm）；3-amyl alcohol can stable the microbubbles by restraining the processes of coalescence and breakup as the bubbles generated in the Venturi tube flowed to test tank.Thus，bubble diameters at different positions of the test tank can keep the same.In the case of cross-current，bubbles were closer to the wall where the turbulent shear was weaker，which led to greater bubble diameters.The bubble detachment time of the co-current was shorter than that of the contra-current under the same conditions，which led to minimum bubble sizes.The specific surface area is the greatest in the case of cocurrent and about 3 times of cross-current，which is very advantageous to gas-liquid mass transfer.
The solidification of cyanide slag was carried out by different cementing materials as solidification agents.The results showed that the compressive strength of solidified body by modified magnesium oxysulfate cement（MOC） was better than those by portland cement（PC），aluminate cement（AC） and sulpho aluminate cement（SAC）. The leaching rates of CN- from solidified bodies were in the order that RAC>RSAC>RPC>RMOC，and the accumulative leaching fractions of CN- from solidified bodies were similar to the leaching rates of CN-.Part of cyanide slag participated in the cementing reaction in MOC solidified system，which could increase the strength of solidified body and inhibit the leaching of CN-.
The high correlation variables of the elemental carbon degradation with P.chrysosporium were selected in carbonaceous gold ores by Plackett-Burman design method.Eight variables of fungal degradation of carbonaceous matter were confirmed by the previous single factor experiments，which were the guaiacol concentration，the dextrin concentration，the tween-80 concentration，the oxalic acid concentration，the hydrogen peroxide concentration，the pulp density，the fungal concentration and the reaction time.The high correlation variables influencing the fungal degradation of elemental carbon，as identified by a two-level Plackett-Burman design method，were the guaiacol concentration，the oxalic acid concentration and the pulp density.Guaiacol is a kind of inducer.The low concentration of guaiacol could promote the degradation of elemental carbon by improving the enzyme activity and inducing the production of enzymes.The high concentration of guaiacol was not conducive to the fungal degradation of elemental carbon because the generation of enzymes and the enzyme activity were inhibited.Oxalic acid could affect the fungal growth and the enzymes activity by adjusting pH value of the degradation system.The pulp density could influence the effective contact area between elemental carbon and fungi，the shear stress and the mass transfer efficiency of degradation system.
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