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黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 380-390.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.03.001

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

股权集中度与中国私营矿业公司治理效率

郑明贵1,2(),曾健林1()   

  1. 1.江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
    2.中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-12 修回日期:2020-02-18 出版日期:2020-06-30 发布日期:2020-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 曾健林 E-mail:mgz268@sina.com;zeng_jianlin@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑明贵(1978-),男,安徽颍上人,教授,博士生导师,从事资源经济与管理方面的研究工作。mgz268@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目“中国战略性矿产资源国家安全评估与预警系统研究(2020-2050)”(18AGL002);国家自然科学基金重点项目“大数据环境下的评价理论、方法和应用”(71631006);江西理工大学重大项目培育计划“大数据驱动下国家矿产资源安全战略管理现代化研究”(19ZDPY-08);江西省青年井冈学者奖励计划联合资助

Equity Concentration and Corporate Governance Efficiency of Private Mining Companies in China

Minggui ZHENG1,2(),Jianlin ZENG1()   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
    2.School of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China
  • Received:2019-12-12 Revised:2020-02-18 Online:2020-06-30 Published:2020-07-01
  • Contact: Jianlin ZENG E-mail:mgz268@sina.com;zeng_jianlin@163.com

摘要:

利用中国沪深上市私营矿业公司2013~2017年数据,考察了股权集中度与中国私营矿业公司治理效率之间的关系。考虑到股权集中度与中国私营矿业公司治理效率之间可能存在门槛效应,建立了中国私营矿业公司治理效率DEA评价模型、股权集中度与中国私营矿业公司治理效率门槛模型。研究发现:(1)股权集中度与中国私营矿业公司治理效率之间存在门槛效应和倒“U”型关系。当股权集中度低于门槛值29.73%时,股权集中度与公司治理效率呈现正相关;当股权集中度高于门槛值29.73%时,股权集中度与公司治理效率呈现负相关。(2)中国私营矿业公司最大股东最优控股比例位于[0.1873,0.3360]区间。(3)公司规模与中国私营矿业公司治理效率呈现负相关。

关键词: 公司治理效率, 股权集中度, 数据包络分析, 门槛模型, 公司规模

Abstract:

The equity structure is the foundation of corporate governance.It is of great practical significance to establish a reasonable equity structure to improve the corporate governance efficiency.Most literatures use linear regression model or multiple nonlinear model to study the relationship between corporate governance efficiency and equity structure.Few scholars consider the impact of equity concentration on corporate governance efficiency from the perspective of China’s private mining companies,and few scholars consider that there may be a structural mutation between equity concentration and corporate governance efficiency,namely threshold effect.Based on the data of 48 private mining companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017,this paper constructs a DEA model to measure the efficiency of corporate governance,and uses a threshold model to explore what kind of equity concentration is more suitable for the current economic environment of China and more effective to improve the efficiency of corporate governance of private mining companies in China.Based on the theory of production function,this paper selects total assets,asset liability ratio and number of senior executives as input indexes,growth and profit rate as output indexes,and constructs DEA measurement model of corporate governance efficiency.The results show that:The total average governance efficiency of China’s private mining companies in 2013~2017 is 0.7092,and the governance efficiency is still low;Only four companies have maintained relatively effective governance,accounting for 8.33% of the total sample;Only 10 companies have five-year average governance efficiency of more than 0.9,accounting for 20.83% of the total sample;There are significant differences in different corporate governance efficiency,and the phenomenon of two-level differentiation is serious.Taking corporate governance efficiency as explanatory variable, Tobin’Q value and corporate age as control variable, equity concentration as explanatory variable and threshold variable, a threshold model of the impact of equity concentration on corporate governance efficiency was constructed, and a multiple regression model of the impact of corporate governance efficiency was constructed with company size as explanatory variable.The results show that:(1)There is a threshold effect and an inverted “U” relationship between the equity concentration and the corporate governance efficiency.When the equity concentration is lower than the threshold of 29.73%,they are positively correlated;When the equity concentration is higher than the threshold of 29.73%,they are negatively correlated.(2) The optimal Largest shareholder holding ratio of private mining companies in China is[0.1873,0.3360].(3) The company size is negatively correlated with the corporate governance efficiency of private mining companies in China.

Key words: corporate governance efficiency, equity concentration, data envelopment analysis, threshold model, company size

中图分类号: 

  • F271

表1

投入产出指标"

指标类型变量变量定义
投入指标年末资产总额(ASSETS负债与所有者权益之和
资产负债率(LEV负债总额/资产总额
高管人数(EXECUTIVE公司聘用的高管总人数
产出指标成长性(GROWTH(本期营业收入-上期营业收入)/上期营业收入
利润率(PROTIT营业利润/营业成本

表2

投入产出指标描述性统计分析"

指标单位标准差平均值最大值最小值
ASSETS亿元186.4988114.10211 071.73001.6200
LEV%0.21020.44750.92000.0400
EXECUTIVE4.555316.237533.00004.0000
GROWTH%0.54690.21463.9423-0.8812
PROTIT%1.06820.31388.8813-0.9784

图1

中国私营矿业公司年平均投入产出指标趋势图ASSETS-年末资产总额;EXECUTIVE-高管人数;LEV-资产负债率;GROWTH-成长性;PROTIT-利润率"

图2

最大股东平均控股比例"

表3

中国私营矿业公司治理效率测算结果"

决策单元2013年2014年2015年2016年2017年年平均值
10.54560.56220.66990.66270.62750.6136
20.42740.83461.00000.86410.79080.7834
31.00001.00001.00001.00000.86450.9729
40.96600.78710.87680.69280.79100.8227
51.00000.95011.00001.00001.00000.9900
61.00001.00000.90911.00000.85120.9521
71.00001.00001.00001.00001.00001.0000
80.37290.50000.62500.74630.57210.5633
90.56540.92610.72370.92110.76410.7801
101.00000.81140.87030.86220.69440.8477
110.48560.70730.72360.76940.53030.6433
120.46710.64290.83840.61690.82680.6784
130.36210.52070.43480.59460.46650.4757
141.00000.92421.00001.00000.62130.9091
150.46070.57610.59320.57430.53640.5481
160.36560.75000.74250.75431.00000.7225
171.00000.87270.83060.68200.62530.8021
180.72520.75310.83071.00000.64350.7905
191.00000.74970.77471.00000.80140.8652
201.00001.00001.00001.00001.00001.0000
210.89221.00000.94160.80210.90610.9084
220.54200.65540.63920.69890.61290.6297
230.70170.84360.83350.88990.85340.8244
240.35750.56250.52990.48560.47450.4820
250.29850.52940.57160.52420.61050.5069
260.33780.40910.47620.54340.47140.4476
270.46510.55980.56030.52430.53770.5294
280.32080.41690.41670.43050.35990.3890
290.26480.30000.43480.42130.38390.3610
300.43530.56490.66670.81240.54110.6041
311.00001.00001.00001.00001.00001.0000
320.31970.60000.77680.74020.68040.6234
331.00000.84281.00000.74940.62320.8431
340.51170.62620.66671.00000.83560.7280
350.22670.40910.45450.36620.37050.3654
360.65560.81390.71680.53311.00000.7439
370.73970.62490.62800.94980.61510.7115
380.26080.43130.35850.61050.65370.4630
391.00001.00001.00001.00001.00001.0000
400.82631.00001.00000.99260.89740.9432
410.76501.00000.86260.74020.67870.8093
420.55630.52940.90910.89880.78550.7358
430.61460.76000.73120.79010.68490.7162
440.58540.90000.72750.65720.62580.6992
450.47550.51030.60940.57430.63700.5613
460.46900.65380.64500.51710.40650.5383
470.45620.66280.56721.00001.00000.7372
480.35150.37940.38460.45020.34140.3814
平均治理效率0.62860.71780.74070.75920.69990.7092
最小值0.22670.30000.35850.36620.34140.3610

图3

股权集中度与平均治理效率U型关系图"

表4

门槛效应检验"

模型F值P值BS次数
单一门槛24.199***0.0001 000
双重门槛14.974**0.0151 000

表5

门槛估计值及置信区间"

门槛变量门槛值估计值95%置信区间
STRUCγ10.2973[0.1873,0.3360]
γ20.4606[0.4606,0.4606]

图4

第一个门槛似然统计量"

图5

第二个门槛似然统计量"

表6

模型回归结果"

变量模型1模型2模型3模型4
STRUC_1(STRUC≤0.2973)

0.9233***

(2.8460)

---
STRUC_2(0.2973<STRUC≤0.4606)-

-0.7410**

(-2.0696)

--
STRUC_2 (0.4606<STRUC--

-0.6509**

(-2.4697)

-
SIZE---

-0.0789***

(-7.6385)

YEAR

-0.0121***

(-2.8781)

0.0059*

(1.6674)

0.0171**

(2.6757)

0.0035

(1.5988)

TOBIN

0.0222***

(4.6762)

0.0612***

(6.1857)

0.1871***

(5.4109)

0.0140***

(3.0978)

Constant

0.7136***

(8.8177)

0.7328***

(4.6075)

0.4979***

(3.1602)

0.9144***

(15.2600)

N9411036240
Adj-R20.22100.32300.43100.3390
F9.810018.30009.850041.8000
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