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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 835-843.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.06.835

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于灰色关联分析的三山岛金矿绿色开采技术优先级评价

赵国彦1(),吴攀1(),朱幸福2,赵源1,李洋1,邱菊1   

  1. 1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    2. 山东黄金集团有限公司,山东 济南 250101
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-03 修回日期:2019-09-11 出版日期:2019-12-31 发布日期:2019-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 吴攀 E-mail:gy.zhao@263.net;custom7761@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵国彦(1963-),男,湖南沅江人,教授,从事采矿、安全与岩石力学研究工作。gy.zhao@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“深部金属矿绿色开采关键技术研发与示范”(2018YFC0604606)

Priority Evaluation of Green Mining Technology in Sanshandao Gold Mine Based on Grey Correlation Analysis

Guoyan ZHAO1(),Pan WU1(),Xingfu ZHU2,Yuan ZHAO1,Yang LI1,Ju QIU1   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
    2. Shandong Gold Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinan 250101,Shandong,China
  • Received:2019-06-03 Revised:2019-09-11 Online:2019-12-31 Published:2019-12-24
  • Contact: Pan WU E-mail:gy.zhao@263.net;custom7761@163.com

摘要:

推进矿山绿色开采是一项长期而复杂的系统工程,而绿色开采技术的应用面临着投资周期长和成本高等问题,鉴于此,开展绿色开采技术优先级评价,有助于指导矿山决策部门的工作,实现绿色开采有序化,降低投资成本。在构建三山岛金矿绿色开采技术体系的基础上,提出了一种灰色关联分析优化模型,并利用该模型对绿色开采技术进行评价分析。首先,构建了层次化绿色开采技术评价指标体系,系统地反映了各因素对绿色开采技术的影响;然后,利用AHP法和熵值法组合赋权,弥补了主观赋权法和客观赋权法的不足,使赋权趋于合理化;最后,分别应用3种赋权方法的优化模型和传统等权法模型对三山岛金矿绿色开采技术的绿色度进行量化分析,并对比分析了4种模型的关联度计算结果,最终得出三山岛金矿绿色开采技术推进的优先级。

关键词: 绿色开采, 优先级, 层次化指标体系, AHP法, 熵值法, 组合赋权, 灰色关联度

Abstract:

The exploitation of mineral resources is accompanied by the destruction of ecological environment.For a long time,based on the idea of green mining industry,many scholars have conducted researches on green mine and green mining,therefore,a large number of technical materials and evaluation data are accumulated.In order to achieve the goal of high-efficiency,waste-free,harmless and ecological mining,Sanshandao gold mine has been continuously exploring and promoting green mining,and a series of green mining technologies have been innovated and excavated.However,there are no precedents and theoretical guidance in the early application of relevant technologies,and the investment problems of long cycle and high cost are faced,so it is particularly necessary to carry out the priority analysis of technology application.Based on the geological conditions of the mining area and the existing technological innovation achievements,the green mining technology system of Sanshandao gold mine was established,which is mainly composed of four key technologies and eight innovative technologies.On this basis,an optimized model of grey correlation analysis was put forward to evaluate and analyze green mining technology.Firstly,a hierarchical evaluation index system of green mining technology of target layer,criterion layer and index layer was constructed to systematically reflect the influence of various factors on green mining technology,and eight innovative technologies of Sanshandao gold mine were selected as evaluation objects.Then the combination weighting of AHP and entropy weight method was used to make up for the deficiency of subjective and objective weighting method,which makes the process of weighting tends to be reasonable.Finally the green degree of Sanshandao green mining technology was quantitatively analyzed by using the optimized model of three weighting methods and the traditional equal-weighting model,by comparing and analyzing the results of correlation degree of four models and ranking eight green mining technologies,the priority of green mining technologies of sanshandao gold mine was obtained.The results show that,among the evaluation indexes,the weight of personnel operation safety,mechanical and intelligent degree and the level of resource recovery and utilization is relatively large to green mining technologies.Among the technologies,the application of trackless intelligent equipment has the highest priority and contributes the most to the goal of green mining.This result indicates that the direction of technological innovation of Sanshandao gold mine should focus on realizing mechanical and intelligent mining.This result is helpful in guiding the work of decision-making department,realizing the ordering of green mining and reduce the cost of investmentt in Sanshandao gold mine.

Key words: green mining, priority, hierarchical index system, AHP method, entropy value method, combination weighting, grey correlation degree

中图分类号: 

  • TD802

图1

三山岛金矿绿色开采技术体系"

表1

绿色开采技术指标体系"

目标层准则层指标层指标解释
绿色度安全性U1人员作业安全系数U11使用相关技术的作业人员的安全程度
设备工作安全系数U12使用该技术的设备的安全程度
高效性U2机械化智能化程度U21智能化机械化设备占比
技术创新先进性U22与同行业对比的技术创新先进性程度
经济性U3绿色产值比U31该项技术产值占比
投资利润率U32技术年利润与技术投资总额比值
生态性U4资源回收利用水平U41新技术使用前后资源综合利用程度,包括回采率、尾砂利用率等
生态保护程度U42技术使用实现的减低废物产生,减少生态破坏等达到的效果

表2

评价指标分级评定"

评价分级指标系数评价分级指标系数
Ⅰ级(非常高、非常好)>0.75Ⅲ级(一般)0.25~0.50
Ⅱ级(较高、较好)0.50~0.75Ⅳ级(较低、较差)<0.25

表3

绿色开采技术指标数据评定"

开采技术人员作业安全系数U11设备工作安全系数U12机械化智能化程度U21技术创新先进性U22绿色产值比U31投资利润率U32资源回收利用水平U41生态保护程度U42
分段脉内采准t10.50.50.70.90.60.80.80.1
无轨智能设备作业t20.80.91.00.80.50.50.70.1
超前地压人工调控t30.90.70.40.60.50.50.10.5
流态造浆稳态放砂t40.80.60.60.60.70.60.20.7
尾废协同充填t50.80.40.40.50.70.90.60.6
尾砂分区固化堆存t60.40.40.20.40.60.60.70.8
土壤基质改良t70.30.60.40.30.70.70.60.9
适生植被生态重构t80.30.30.30.50.70.60.70.9

表4

不同赋权法所得权重"

赋权方法U11U12U21U22U31U32U41U42
AHP法0.19950.07890.13570.03970.16680.13260.14870.0981
熵值法0.12940.08490.17440.08330.01450.03230.19660.2846
组合赋权法0.20930.05430.19190.02680.01960.03470.23700.2264

图2

指标权重分布图"

表5

绿色开采技术灰色关联度及排序"

技术方案传统灰色关联(排序)AHP法(排序)熵值法(排序)组合赋权法(排序)
t10.6866(2)0.6746(4)0.6013(6)0.6003(6)
t20.7476(1)0.7445(1)0.7025(1)0.7206(1)
t30.6077(7)0.6314(7)0.5586(8)0.5784(8)
t40.6556(4)0.6805(3)0.6044(4)0.6085(5)
t50.6788(3)0.7247(2)0.5971(7)0.6220(4)
t60.5933(8)0.6048(8)0.6027(5)0.5920(7)
t70.6487(5)0.6562(5)0.6532(3)0.6257(3)
t80.6360(6)0.6438(6)0.6561(2)0.6311(2)

图3

灰色关联度分布图"

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