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• CN 62-1112/TF
• ISSN 1005-2518
• 创刊于1988年

## Analysis of Influence of Deep Mine’s Linear Heat Source on Effective Ventilation Based on Ventsim Software

WANG Conglu,, LI Tong

School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan，China

 基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目“微米级尘雾耦合作用力机理及其效能优化研究”(编号：51674289)和国家重点研发计划项目“金属非金属矿山采运过程物化防尘技术与装备”.  编号：2017YFC0805204

Received: 2018-05-25   Revised: 2018-08-29   Online: 2019-04-29

Abstract

The huge energy consumption is the main problem in the mining of mineral resources in China.In recent years，due to the continuous consumption of underground mineral resources，deep mining operations are becoming more and more common.Increasing the effective ventilation of mines is critical to saving energy consumption.The high-temperature environment of deep mines stores a large amount of heat energy，and if it can be comprehensively utilized，it will produce huge benefits.In recent years，domestic and foreign researches on the absorption，storage，and transformation of thermal energy have yielded rich results.Based on this，the temperature difference formed between the high temperature of the deep well and the surface temperature can be used as an energy source，and the temperature difference can be used as a ventilation power can improve the effective ventilation of deep mines.This paper starts with the theoretical analysis, and analyzes the state change of ideal gas in thermal environment.Then the feasibility of temperature difference energy for improving air volume is demonstrated.Secondly, a deep mine model was established based on Ventsim three-dimensional ventilation software, and the heat energy stored in deep mines was simulated by setting a linear heat source. Finally,the representative necessary ventilation roadway in mine structure, such as main air inlet shaft, main return shaft and horizontal tunneling roadway, is selected as the research object to analyze the influence of different temperature setting and layout of linear heat source on the effective ventilation volume of mine.The specific scheme is as follows:$①$The linear heat source power was increased from 1 000 W/m to 3 500 W/m incremented by 500 W/m, so as to study the change of effective mine ventilation under the action of linear heat source at different temperatures.$②$The linear heat source was set to a range of 1 000 W/m to 4 000 W/m, and the linear heat source was successively distributed according to the increasing of 1 000 W/m and 500 W/m in the same section of return air shaft, to observe the influence of the linear heat source with different power decreasing gradient distribution on the effective ventilation volume of the mine. The results of the study are as follows: In mine laneway when the dry bulb temperature at 35~48 ℃, the temperature rise of the linear heat source is linear positively correlated with the increase of the effective mine air volume. For the horizontal roadway with a small air volume basis value at the bottom of the mine, the linear heat source in the return air shaft does not significantly improve its effective air volume.When the temperature difference range of the linear heat source is the same, the reasonable setting of small amplitude and multiple intervals of the temperature difference can generate effective pressure drop, improve the dynamic effect of the temperature difference energy, and thus improve the effective ventilation volume. And the scheme is more economical and can improve the utilization rate of temperature difference energy.

Keywords： linear heat source ; high temperature of deep well ; effective ventilation ; ventilation optimization ; Ventsim ; numerical simulation ; temperature difference energy

WANG Conglu, LI Tong. Analysis of Influence of Deep Mine’s Linear Heat Source on Effective Ventilation Based on Ventsim Software[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2019, 27(2): 271-277 doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.02.271

### 图1

Fig.1   One-dimensional roadway air flow heating model

$ρ1v1=ρ2v2$

$p1+ρ1v12=p2+ρ2v22$

$p1-p2=ρ1v1v2-v1$

### 2.1 热模拟

Ventsim系统采用基于稳态的热模拟，并给予如下设定：

（1）对于围岩热和柴油机设备热源，Ventsim系统默认已考虑潜热，不需要用户输入。

（2）Ventsim系统自动计算潮湿围岩表面所产生的水气，所以在大部分风网中，通常不需要用户设置井下湿源。

（3）软件的热功能助手采用迭代技术，并以当前编辑风路的相关参数作为初始值。初始值可根据需要修改。在模拟计算过程使用了多细节、多线程的方法，并考虑风路环境和围岩与风流的热交换。

### 2.2 系统理论

Ventsim三维通风仿真，可以实现矿井通风系统参数的实时模拟。由于矿井通风系统稳定性受多种参数变化的影响，通风系统网络复杂，人工很难计算出结果。因此，要在矿井通风系统时刻变动的状态下进行控制，必须快速地实现风网解算，才能得出准确的结果。

### 图2

Fig.2   Diagram of airflow pressure drop in Hardy-Cross method

### 图3

Fig.3   3D model of one mine based on Ventsim

### 图4

Fig.4   Local deep shaft model of one mine based on Ventsim

Table 1  Characteristic branch for the study of linear heat source and effective ventilation in deep shaft

1回风井，-965.0~918.6 m46.4
2回风井，-918.6~-876.1 m42.5
3回风井，-876.1~-845.0 m31.1
4回风井，-845.0~-812.3 m，连有-845 m有轨水平巷道32.7
5回风井，-812.3~-785.0 m27.3
6回风井，-785.0~-751.8 m，连有-785 m有轨水平巷道33.2
7回风井，-751.8~-725.0 m26.8
8回风井，-725.0~695.5 m29.5
9有轨水平巷道，-965.0 m57.7
10有轨水平巷道，-965.5~-966.2 m48.6
11有轨水平巷道，-965.0 m41.5
12水平掘进巷道，-645 m39.3
13水平掘进巷道，-645 m40.4
14水平掘进巷道，-645 m45.7
15水平掘进巷道，-623 m63.5

### 图5

Fig.5   Influence of the linear heat source on the ventilation of No.1~No.15

### 3.3 热源分布对巷道温差能的影响

Table 2  Influence of linear heat source with temperature gradient on ventilation

11 00029.736.6-1.21 00029.536.5-1.0
2

1 000

2 000

30.537.6-1.01 50029.937.4-1.2
330.738.3-1.42 00030.338.7-0.7
4

2 000

3 000

31.840.1-0.72 50031.939.8-0.7
532.042.1-1.03 00032.441.6-0.8
6

3 000

4 000

98.737.7-10.73 50099.037.5-10.7
799.038.3-6.34 00099.838.0-6.3
899.338.4-7.0100.138.1-7.0
929.336.0-13.529.336.0-13.5
1016.336.6-3.616.336.6-3.6
1113.036.7-2.013.036.7-2.0

## 4 结论

（1）等值线性热源与有效通风量呈正相关。当矿井巷道干球温度处于35~48 $℃$时，线性热源影响下的平均有效风量变化趋势近于线性增长。同时，考虑到深井底部线性热源对井内空气密度的持续影响，结合风压—风量特性曲线，线性热源对矿井整体有效通风量的提升将远大于深井底部有效风量的提升。矿井底部风量基础值较小的水平巷道，回风井内线性热源对其有效通风量的提升不明显。

（2）同一段回风井，在线性热源温差范围相同的情况下，对温差间隔进行小幅度、多区间的合理设置，可产生有效的压力降，提高温差能的动力效果，从而提升有效通风量。模拟结果与理论分析匹配良好，该线性热源的设置方式既有利于降低能耗，也兼顾了通风效果。

（3）针对客观存在的深井高温，提出了对其综合利用的新方向。在矿体开采深度日益增加的工程背景下，深井高温的有效治理十分重要。本文通过论证深井线性热源对于提升有效通风量的作用，为深井热源在通风方面的应用提供了一定的理论基础，有助于资源的合理利用和绿色矿山的建设。

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