甘肃某难选金铜氧化矿浮选试验研究

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.01.114

Abstract

Abstract:

Silicon malachite is an extremely refractory copper oxide mineral，and the focus of chrysocolla flotation research is the development of new reagents.However， the selectivity and price factors of new pharmaceuticals restrict their industrial applications.In order to improve the flotation index under the premise of using conventional flotation reagents， it is very important to conduct process mineralogy research on refractory copper oxide ore.A refractory gold-copper oxide ores in Gansu Province contains Au 4.83 g/t and Cu 1.18%. The oxidation rate of Cu is as high as 95.87%.The copper minerals are mainly chrysocolla， which is difficult to select and closely related to gangue minerals.Gold is associated with copper minerals.Based on the study of mineralogy of raw ore process， the causes of copper and gold losses in tailings were analyzed and discussed.Sulfide flotation was adopted.After grinding，the products with fineness less than 74 μm accounted for 80%.Under the conditions of sodium sulfide as curing reagent， copper sulfate as activator， butyl xanthate， hydroxamic acid and No.25 dithiophosphate as collector， the sulfide flotation process adopted is “roughing once，sweeping four times，and regrinding coarse concentrate for three times”.The results show that the gold-copper concentrate with Au grade of 86.65 g/t， Au recovery rate of 89.11%， Cu grade of 16.93%， Cu recovery rate of 71.92%，Ag grade of 216.24 g/t and Ag recovery rate of 87.26% was obtained.Through analysis，it is believed that there are 4 reasons for the loss of copper and gold in tailings.1）The oxidation rate of copper is high， there are many types of copper minerals，and there are differences in floatability，in addition，silicon malachite is the main copper-bearing mineral， and its floatability is not good.2）There is a phenomenon that fine-grained silicon malachite is wrapped in gangue minerals.3） The tailings screening analysis shows that the copper lost in the tailings is of fine grade，therefore， the loss of this part of copper in the tailings is a reasonable loss.4）The gold phase analysis results show that the distribution rate of silicate-coated gold and carbonate-coated gold in the tailings is 76.38%， and the gold lost in the tailings is mainly wrapped in veins stone minerals.Gold-copper concentrates can be pre-oxidized by hot-pressing and non-cyanide to recover gold and copper.This smelting process can provide a certain reference for the development and utilization of gold-copper oxide copper mine.

Key words: gold-copper oxide ores, processing mineralogy, silicon malachite, sulfide flotation, combined collector, gold-copper concentrate

CLC Number:

TD953

Heng LI. Experimental Research on Flotation of a Refractory Gold and Copper Oxide Ore in Gansu[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(1): 164-172.

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元素	含量/%	元素	含量/%
Ag*	12.45	MgO	3.14
Au*	4.83	CaO	3.74
Cu	1.18	Al₂O₃	15.31
Pb	0.02	SiO₂	63.73
Zn	0.063	Na₂O	0.14
S	0.032	K₂O	2.07
As	0.13	TFe	1.03
Mn	1.77

相别	含量	分布率
合计	1.210	100.00
硫化相中铜	0.029	2.40
氧化相中铜	1.160	95.87
结合相中铜	0.025	1.73

相别	含量/（g·t^-1）	分布率/%
合计	5.09	100.00
裸露及半裸露金	3.75	73.67
碳酸盐包裹金	0.59	11.59
硅酸盐包裹金	0.18	3.54
硫化物包裹金	0.53	10.41
赤褐铁包裹金	0.05	0.79

矿物名称	含量	矿物名称	含量
角闪石	6.02	石英	7.55
斜长石	60.38	绿泥石	6.93
钾长石	15.76	黑云母	3.36

产品名称	产率/%	品位			回收率/%
产品名称	产率/%	Cu/%	Au/(g·t^-1)	Ag	Cu	Au	Ag
金铜精矿	5.02	16.93	85.65	216.24	71.92	89.11	87.26
尾矿	94.98	0.35	0.55	1.67	28.08	10.89	12.74
原矿	100.00	1.18	4.82	12.44	100.00	100.00	100.00

Experimental Research on Flotation of a Refractory Gold and Copper Oxide Ore in Gansu

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粒度/mm	占有率/%	铜品位/%	铜分布率/%
合计	100.0	0.35	100.0
+0.150	2.72	0.22	1.70
-0.150+0.075	32.59	0.29	26.99
-0.075+0.045	22.22	0.29	18.18
-0.045+0.0385	5.56	0.31	4.83
-0.0385+0.0308	12.39	0.31	10.80
-0.0308	24.52	0.54	37.50

相别	含量/（g·t^-1）	分布率/%
合计	0.56	100.00
裸露及半裸露金	0.028	5.00
碳酸盐包裹金	0.187	33.54
硅酸盐包裹金	0.240	42.84
硫化物包裹金	0.016	2.83
赤褐铁包裹金	0.089	15.79

元素	含量	元素	含量
Au*	85.65	S	0.85
Ag*	216.24	As	0.16
Cu	16.93	Zn	0.092
MgO	3.07	Bi+Sb	<0.1
Pb	0.039

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