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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 271-281.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.02.133

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国绿色矿山建设政策量化评价——基于PMC指数模型的分析

徐水太1,2(),袁北飞1(),胡恒祺1,陈丽1   

  1. 1.江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
    2.江西理工大学矿业发展研究中心,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-30 修回日期:2022-12-10 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 袁北飞 E-mail:stxu@jxust.edu.cn;1589172992@qq.com
  • 作者简介:徐水太(1978-),男,江西贵溪人,博士,副教授,从事资源经济管理与可持续发展等研究工作。stxu@jxust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目“产品空间视角下中国稀有矿产资源产业升级路径及政策选择研究”(20XGL016);江西理工大学研究生科研创新项目“基于PMC指数模型的中国稀土安全政策量化评价”(XY2022-S046)

Quantitative Evaluation of China’s Green Mine Construction Policies—Analysis Based on PMC Index Model

Shuitai XU1,2(),Beifei YUAN1(),Hengqi HU1,Li CHEN1   

  1. 1.Economic Management College, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
    2.Research Center of Mining Development, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2022-09-30 Revised:2022-12-10 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-04-27
  • Contact: Beifei YUAN E-mail:stxu@jxust.edu.cn;1589172992@qq.com

摘要:

开展绿色矿山建设政策的文本分析和量化评价研究,对于新时期绿色矿山政策制定和完善具有重要的理论和现实意义。通过文本挖掘和社会网络分析选定9个一级指标和45个二级指标,构建PMC指数模型,结合PMC指数与条形统计图对我国绿色矿山建设政策文本进行评价与分析。研究发现:当前绿色矿山建设政策总体设计合理,选取的39项绿色矿山建设政策样本中,有8项为优秀,31项可接受,无完美和不佳政策;当前绿色矿山建设政策仍存在调控范围、执行机构、经济效益、旅游、长期规划、人才激励和法律规制等方面问题;绿色矿山建设政策存在地区差异,其中中部地区缺乏有效监督、东北地区约束性不足、东西部地区政策领域涉及内容较少。研究结果可为我国绿色矿山相关政策的制定提供参考,也为绿色矿山建设政策评价提供新的思路与方法。

关键词: 绿色矿山建设, 政策制定, 文本挖掘, PMC指数模型, 量化评价

Abstract:

The mining industry provides an important material basis for modernization and has become the basic industry for China’s economic construction.In order to promote the high-quality development of mining industry,the construction of green mines is the only way for sustainable development.There are studies on the evaluation of green mine construction,which mainly focus on the content analysis method and case study method,but rarely from the perspective of policy design,while the government is also an important subject to promote green mine construction.In order to improve the adaptability and scientificity of the policies,it is necessary to conduct a systematic evaluation of China’s green mine construction policies.Therefore,this study quantitatively evaluated and assessed the existing green mine construction policies in China,identified the deviations and shortcomings of the existing policies and proposed optimization strategies,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for the development and improvement of green mine policies in the new era.Unlike subjective evaluation methods such as expert scoring,the study analyzed the content of 193 green mine construction policies in China between 2005 and 2021 through social network analysis and text mining,extracted important subject terms,and build a framework for evaluating green mine construction policies on this basis.39 of these policies were selected as samples (13 policies at the central level and 26 policies at the local level).The Policy Consistency Index Model (PMC),an important modeling method for policy research analysis,was used for quantitative evaluation and comparative analysis.The study found that China’s green mine construction policies are reasonable,but there are still some problems that need to be improved.Among the 39 selected Chinese green mine construction policy texts,8 of them are excellent,31 are acceptable,and there are no perfect and poor policies,while the central government’s policies generally score higher than local governments.At the central and local levels,there are common problems in green mine construction,including the scope of regulation and implementation agencies are small,economic benefits,tourism aspects,long-term planning,talent incentives,laws and regulations need to be improved.At the regional level,there are differences in green mine construction policies,including the lack of effective supervision in the central region,the lack of binding in the northeast region,and the need to improve the policy areas in the eastern and western regions.The research results provide a reference basis for the formulation of green mine related policies in China,and also provide new ideas and methods for the evaluation of green mine construction policies.

Key words: green mine construction, policy development, text mining, PMC index model, quantitative evaluation

中图分类号: 

  • F426.1

表1

政策高频主题词频次数据"

序号主题词频次/次序号主题词频次/次
1建设18 19615循环经济1 573
2绿色矿山12 76616绿色发展1 508
3资源12 50717信息化1 503
4矿区环境11 03018土地复垦1 251
5政府6 69519财政839
6恢复治理4 65520居民768
7节能减排4 40621科技创新714
8监督2 91322第三方评估361
9开采方式2 72823智能化287
10安全2 46424规范管理260
11旅游2 07925依法办矿248
12环境保护1 97726地方241
13企业1 67627专项资金221
14固废1 59928社区和谐187

图1

绿色矿山建设政策高频主题词共现网络"

表2

绿色矿山建设政策量化评价框架"

一级指标二级指标参考依据
调控范围(X1国家(X11)、省(X12)、市(X13)、县(X14Kuang et al.(2022)
政策对象(X2政府(X21)、企业(X22)、居民(X23)、第三方评估机构(X24词频统计
政策领域(X3经济(X31)、社会(X32)、政治(X33)、科技(X34管理(X35环境(X36董纪昌等(2020)
政策评估(X4依据充分(X41)、目标明确(X42)、方案科学(X43)、规划详实(X44Yang et al.(2021)
政策内容(X5依法办矿(X51)、规范管理(X52)、综合利用(X53)、技术创新(X54)、节能减排(X55)、环境保护(X56)、土地复垦(X57)、社区和谐(X58)、企业文化(X59社会共现网络和词频统计
政策性质(X6标准(X61)、监管(X62)、指导(X63)、规范(X64)、试行(X65)、建议(X66刘亭立等(2018)
政策功能(X7循环经济(X71生态修复(X72旅游(X73企业诚信(X74经济效益(X75社会共现网络和文本分析
效力级别(X8法律法规(X81)、行政法规(X82)、部门规章(X83)、地方规范性文件(X84)、地方工作文件(X85文本分析
政策时效(X9长期(>5年)(X91)、中期(3~5年)(X92)、短期(≤3年)(X93吴卫红等(2020)

表3

多投入产出表"

一级指标X1X2X3X4X5X6X7X8X9
二级指标X11X21X31X41X51X61X71X81X91
X12X22X32X42X52X62X72X82X92
X13X23X33X43X53X63X73X83X93
X14X24X34X44X54X64X74X84
X35X55X65X75X85
X36X56X66
X57
X58
X59

表4

政策等级划分标准"

PMC得分等级
9~8完美
7.99~6优秀
5.9~4可接受
3.99~0不佳

图2

2005—2021年我国绿色矿山建设政策发布数量统计"

表5

待评价绿色矿山建设政策(节选)"

编号政策文本名称发文号时效性
POL1《国土资源部办公厅关于做好第四批国家级绿色矿山试点建设规划编制工作的函》国土资函〔2014〕713号现行有效
POL2《自然资源部矿产资源保护监督司关于印发〈绿色矿山评价指标〉和〈绿色矿山遴选第三方评估工作要求〉的函》自然资矿保函〔2020〕28号现行有效
POL3《国土资源部关于贯彻落实全国矿产资源规划发展绿色矿业建设绿色矿山工作的指导意见》国土资发〔2010〕119号现行有效
POL19《河南省人民政府关于印发河南省生态建设规划纲要的通知》豫政〔2013〕3号现行有效
POL20《湖北省自然资源厅关于印发〈湖北省绿色矿山建设三年行动方案(2021—2023年)〉的通知》鄂自然资函〔2021〕81号现行有效
POL38伊通满族自治县人民政府办公室关于创建绿色矿山加强矿山地质环境恢复治理工作的通知》伊政办发〔2011〕25号现行有效
POL39《本溪市绿色矿山建设条例》本溪市人民代表大会常务委员会公告〔16届〕第15号现行有效

表6

绿色矿山建设政策的PMC指数(节选)"

一级指标POL1POL2POL3POL19POL20POL38POL39平均分
PMC指数5.896.056.425.245.934.584.895.45
调控范围(X10.750.500.500.500.500.250.500.53
政策对象(X20.501.000.750.750.750.500.250.67
政策领域(X30.670.830.830.670.670.330.670.64
政策评估(X41.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.00
政策内容(X51.000.891.000.780.670.560.670.64
政策性质(X60.500.500.670.670.670.670.670.66
政策功能(X70.200.400.400.000.600.200.400.36
效力级别(X80.600.600.600.200.400.400.400.45
政策时效(X90.670.330.670.670.670.670.330.53

图3

中央层面绿色矿山建设政策的PMC指数得分"

图4

各地区绿色矿山建设政策的PMC指数得分"

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