全尾砂膏体充填配比优化正交试验

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

某新建矿山计划采用全尾砂膏体嗣后充填采矿法进行地下开采。为了提供经济合理、满足强度要求且有利于管道输送的全尾砂膏体充填最优配比方案，以料浆流动性能和充填体强度性能为考察指标进行正交组合配比试验。运用MATLAB软件对试验数据进行极差分析和多元线性回归分析，获得了灰砂比和料浆浓度对充填体强度影响的敏感性以及各力学参数预测模型。结果表明：（1）料浆质量浓度对塌落度的影响起主要作用，灰砂比次之；（2）充填体强度的敏感性随着灰砂比和料浆浓度的增加而增强，充填体强度对灰砂比更敏感，而对料浆浓度的敏感性较弱；（3）确定了全尾砂膏体最优配比：水泥用量为13%，充填料浆质量浓度为77%，此时全尾砂、水泥和水的用量分别占制备全尾砂膏体质量的68.14%、8.86%和23.00%。在该配比条件下，经28 d养护龄期后的抗压强度为2.6279 MPa、弹性模量为205.2 MPa、塌落度为23.7 cm，以较少的水泥用量满足了矿山充填强度指标和自流输送要求。

关键词: 灰砂比, 料浆质量浓度, 全尾砂膏体充填, 正交试验, 回归分析, 最优配比

Abstract:

The use of filling method for underground mining is not only conducive to safe mining and prevent surface subsidence，but also can reduce environmental pollution caused by mining，which meets the national requirements for green mine construction. To obtain an economical filling material that is easy to tansport and meet the mine filling demand， optimising the proportioning of filling materials， which is of great significant to the success of underground mining with infill mining methods.In order to obtain the optimal ratio of full tailings paste filling in a new lead-zinc mine， the orthogonal combination ratio test was designed based on the ash sand ratio and slurry mass concentration.The particle content of the whole tailings less than 20 μm used in the test is 37.26%，which can be used for the preparation of full-tailing paste paste. According to the two-factor four-level orthogonal design experiment，the whole tailings paste slurry and filling body with different ash-sand ratio and slurry mass concentration were prepared.The experiment measured the collapse of different comparison of the total tail capabilizer slurry，consistency，hierarchical degree，and uniaxial compressive strength，elastic modulus，cohesive，and poisson ratio of filling.By analyzing the relationship between the slurry flow performance parameters and the slurry mass concentration and the lime-sand ratio，it was found that the slurry with a slurry mass concentration of 75% to 79% meet the requirements of gravity transportation.The range analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out on the strength parameters of the backfill，and the sensitivity of the four strength parameters to the “two factors” was discussed.The results show that：Among the two influencing factors of slurry mass concentration and lime-sand ratio，the influence of slurry mass concentration on slump takes the main role，followed by the lime-sand ratio；The strength sensitivity of backfill will increase with the increase of two influencing factors，the strength of filling body is more sensitive to the ratio of lime to sand and less sensitive to the mass concentration of slurry；The optimal proportion of the whole tailings paste is 13% of the cement dosage and 77% of the filling slurry concentration.At this time，the amount of total tailings，cement and water account for 68.14%，8.86% and 23% of the required total tailings paste，respectively.The compressive strength，elastic modulus and collapse degree of the composite after 28 days of curing age are 2.6279 MPa，205.2 MPa and 23.7 cm respectively.The experiment provides the mine with the optimal proportion scheme of full tailings paste filling，which is economical and reasonable，quickly meets the strength requirements and conductive to pipeline transportation.

Key words: cement sand ratio, slurry concentration, full tailings paste filling, orthogonal test, regression analysis, optimal ratio

中图分类号:

TD853.34

张美道,饶运章,徐文峰,王文涛. 全尾砂膏体充填配比优化正交试验[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021, 29(5): 740-748.

Meidao ZHANG,Yunzhang RAO,Wenfeng XU,Wentao WANG. Orthogonal Experiment on Optimization of Filling Ratio of Full Tailings Paste[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(5): 740-748.

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参数	数值	参数	数值
松散密度/（g·cm^-3）	1.4658	孔隙率/%	22.46
压实密度/（g·cm^-3）	1.8905	含水率/%	9.40
自然安息角/（°）	39.1950	渗透系数/（cm·s^-1）	4.906×10^-5

粒径范围/μm	累积百分含量/%	粒径范围/μm	累积百分含量/%
<10	27.98	37~74	18.97
10~20	9.28	>74	31.61
20~37	12.16

元素	含量/%	元素	含量/%
O	56.500	Al	2.638
Fe	15.383	S	1.726
Si	13.770	K	1.241
Mn	7.517	其他	2.207
Mg	3.018

试验组号	灰砂比	料浆质量浓度/%	试验组号	灰砂比	料浆质量浓度/%
1	1∶4	70	2	1∶4	73
3	1∶4	76	4	1∶4	79
5	1∶6	70	6	1∶6	73
7	1∶6	76	8	1∶6	79
9	1∶10	70	10	1∶10	73
11	1∶10	76	12	1∶10	79
13	1∶20	70	14	1∶20	73
15	1∶20	76	16	1∶20	79

灰砂比	质量浓度 /%	坍落度 /cm	稠度1 /cm	稠度2 /cm	分层度 /cm
1∶4	70	28.210	12.774	11.512	1.262
1∶4	73	27.761	11.716	10.567	1.149
1∶4	76	23.952	9.279	8.681	0.598
1∶4	79	20.052	5.133	4.868	0.265
1∶6	70	28.352	12.951	11.583	1.368
1∶6	73	27.552	12.336	11.201	1.135
1∶6	76	26.055	9.856	9.205	0.651
1∶6	79	22.442	7.233	6.738	0.495
1∶10	70	28.929	13.577	12.159	1.418
1∶10	73	27.372	12.184	10.862	1.322
1∶10	76	25.111	10.312	9.228	1.084
1∶10	79	23.435	8.956	8.412	0.544
1∶20	70	28.955	13.678	11.997	1.681
1∶20	73	27.919	12.955	11.558	1.397
1∶20	76	25.497	11.455	10.477	0.978
1∶20	79	20.138	8.980	8.002	0.896