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黄金科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 736-743.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.06.736

• • 上一篇    下一篇

重叠矿段采动下的工程响应仿真与评价

胡建华(),高晨,杨春   

  1. 1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-10 修回日期:2017-10-31 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2019-01-24
  • 作者简介:胡建华(1975-),男,湖南衡南人,教授,从事高效安全采矿技术与岩土工程的稳定性分析研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题基金项目:“深部多层重叠矿体高效开采与灾害控制关键技术研究”(编号:2015BAB12B01)和国家自然科学基金项目“深部采动下地质结构体跨尺度时变力学行为试验及机理”(编号:41672298)联合资助

Simulation and Evaluation of Engineering Response Under the Mining of Overlapping-Orebody

Jianhua HU(),Chen GAO,Chun YANG   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
  • Received:2017-07-10 Revised:2017-10-31 Online:2018-12-31 Published:2019-01-24

摘要:

重叠矿体开采的相互作用和响应规律是影响矿山开采安全的重要因素。以镜铁山桦树沟铜矿与上部铁矿体的重叠矿段为研究对象,采用3DMine-Midas-FLAC3D耦合精细建模数值模拟技术,结合矿山实际工程和采充工序条件,建立了充填矿段铜矿体开采条件下的FeV矿体工程响应数值分析模型,获得了FeV矿体回采巷道等工程结构的位移和应力响应规律,对FeV矿体的开采进行了安全评价和分析。研究结果表明:(1)试验采场的采充过程中,FeV回采巷道2 865 m水平所受开挖扰动最大,最大位移达到2.3 cm,应力最大扰动幅度为11.34%,最大剪应力为1.27 MPa;(2)采充过程中,空区上方中心部分的Z方向应力会减小,应力向四周转移;空区上方中心位置剪应力无明显变化,剪应力在空区边缘变化明显;(3)在试验采场开采过程中,上部FeV矿体的2 880 m和2 895 m水平回采巷道处于稳定状态,建议矿山加快回采进度,实现强采强出,提高矿石回收率。

关键词: 应力, 位移, 监测, 重叠矿段, 开采扰动, 精细建模, 仿真, 安全评价

Abstract:

The interaction and response law of overlapping-orebody mining are important factors that have significant influence on mining safety.The overlapping-orebody of Huashugou copper mine in Jingtieshan area where the upper iron orebody adjoins the under copper orebody was chosen as the research objects.Based on the coupled 3D Mine-Midas-FLAC3Dtechnology,combined with practical mining and filling process of the mine,a numerical analysis model for the response of FeV orebody engineering under the condition of copper orebody in the filling section was established.Then the data including displacement and stress of stoping tunnel of FeV orebody were obtained and were used to analyze the mining process of FeV orebody.Results show that maximum excavating perturbation during mining and filling process of research area occurs in 2 865 m stoping tunnel,and the maximum displacement is 2.3 cm,the maximum amplitude of stress is 11.34% and the maximum shear stress is 1.27 MPa,respectively.TheZaxis stress in the center of cavity roof remains decreasing,and it transfers to all round.The shear stress in the center of cavity roof keeps unchanged while it around the edge of cavity changes drastically.During the mining process of test stope,2 880 m and 2 895 m stoping tunnel above FeV orebody are in steady state.Consequently,stoping process can be accelerated to boost productivity,so as to improve the recovery rate of ore.

Key words: stress, displacement, monitoring, overlapping-orebody, mining disturbance, fine modeling, simulation, safety evaluation

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

矿体空间位置三维数字模型"

图2

工程响应计算模型"

表1

岩体和充填体力学参数"

岩体类别 体积模量K/GPa 剪切模量G/GPa 泊松比υ 黏聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗压强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 密度/(kg·m-3
围岩 4.26 2.44 0.27 4.2 47.8 58.1 4.9 3 156
铜矿 6.33 3.09 0.28 6.7 50.2 83.2 6.5 3 417
铁矿 5.48 2.52 0.30 5.3 48.5 78.2 5.6 3 323
充填体 0.48 0.22 0.30 0.3 43.0 2.02 0.2 1 961

图3

不同分段水平下的矿山实际工程与测点布置图"

图4

2 865 m(a)、2 880 m(b)、2 895 m(c)水平测点Z方向位移曲线"

表2

各分段水平最大位移监测统计结果"

测点编号 测点位置(距采场中心)/m 最大Z方向位移/cm
2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段 2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段
1 16 15 15 -1.26 -0.82 -0.80
2 15 14 13 -1.35 -0.95 -0.81
3 14 15 14 -0.96 -0.93 -0.72
4 2 3 3 -1.48 -0.98 -0.98
5 0 0 0 -2.30 -1.58 -1.05
6 2 2 2 -1.34 -1.34 -0.97
7 30 30 35 -0.57 -0.50 -0.53
8 30 30 35 -0.66 -0.57 -0.58
9 30 30 35 -0.73 -0.50 -0.48

图5

Z方向应力监测曲线"

表3

各水平Z方向应力统计分析结果"

测点编号 Z方向应力变化范围/MPa 变化绝对差/MPa Z方向应力扰动率/%
2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段 2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段 2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段
1 -14.33~-13.87 -14.23~-13.67 -13.79~-13.41 0.46 0.56 0.38 1.63 2.01 1.40
2 -14.66~-12.36 -14.10~-13.42 -13.74~-13.18 2.30 0.68 0.56 8.51 2.47 2.08
3 -14.59~-14.20 -14.07~-13.69 -13.61~-13.00 0.39 0.38 0.61 1.35 1.37 2.29
4 -14.56~-11.82 -14.26~-13.23 -13.53~-12.71 2.74 1.03 0.82 10.39 3.75 3.12
5 -14.53~-11.57 -13.88~-12.77 -13.85~-12.75 2.96 1.11 1.10 11.34 4.17 4.14
6 -14.55~-12.34 -13.97~-12.83 -13.46~-12.76 2.21 1.14 0.70 8.22 4.25 2.67
7 -14.53~-14.25 -14.22~-14.33 -13.47~-13.54 0.28 -0.11 -0.07 0.97 0.39 0.26
8 -14.53~-14.79 -13.98~-14.08 -13.45~-13.50 -0.26 -0.1 -0.05 0.89 0.36 0.19
9 -14.64~-14.88 -13.96~-13.79 -13.43~-13.46 -0.24 0.17 -0.03 0.81 0.61 0.11

图6

剪应力监测曲线"

表4

各分段水平最大剪应力统计结果"

测点编号 剪应力/(×105Pa)
2 865 m分段 2 880 m分段 2 895 m分段
1 -6.00 -3.32 -2.23
2 -0.85 -0.47 0.38
3 5.30 3.21 1.75
4 -11.71 -8.91 -3.74
5 1.04 -1.43 -0.79
6 12.70 6.26 3.44
7 -2.43 -1.09 -0.46
8 -0.23 -0.13 0.31
9 0.98 0.37 0.75
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