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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 282-291.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.02.007

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

中巴矿产品贸易竞争性与互补性研究

许礼刚1,2,3(),詹庆武1,刘兴龙1   

  1. 1.江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
    2.江西理工大学矿业发展研究中心,江西 赣州 341000
    3.江西理工大学巴基斯坦研究中心,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 修回日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 作者简介:许礼刚(1980-),男,安徽桐城人,副教授,从事资源与环境管理研究工作。just20040606@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    江西省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“区域合作中矿业产业合作的挑战与路径选择——以中巴经济走廊为例”(JD20050);江西理工大学巴基斯坦研究中心招标重点课题“中巴矿产品的竞争性与互补性研究”(WYBY-2021LX003);江西理工大学研究生创新专项资金项目“基于网络鲁棒性的锂资源供应安全评估研究”(XY2022-S050)

A Study on Competition and Complementarity of Mineral Products Trade Between China and Pakistan

Ligang XU1,2,3(),Qingwu ZHAN1,Xinglong LIU1   

  1. 1.School of Economics Management, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
    2.Mining Development Research Center of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
    3.Pakistan Research Center of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2023-01-03 Revised:2023-02-20 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-04-27

摘要:

中巴经济走廊建设正向着高质量发展迈进,其中加强与巴基斯坦的矿产品贸易交流,为解决中国矿产资源约束趋紧问题提供了新的思路。采用UN COMTRADE数据库中2005—2021年的贸易数据,在分析中巴双边矿产品贸易发展状况及贸易结构的基础上,选取指标对中巴矿产品贸易的竞争性与互补性进行实证研究。结果表明:中巴矿产品贸易发展较为稳定,两国的贸易结构相差很大;巴基斯坦的相对贸易优势矿产品数量更多,该国主要以金属矿产品为贸易优势,而中国则以油气产品为优势;中巴矿产品贸易在整体上竞争性较弱,从长远来看,中巴两国将形成互补关系,主要体现在金属矿、成品油及石油衍生品等矿产品类别;中巴两国在矿产品贸易合作方面有很大潜力,在一定程度上能够为缓解我国矿产品供需矛盾问题提供新途径,未来中国应坚定政策导向,充分利用互补关系,继续保持和发展与巴基斯坦的矿产品贸易交流,并在产业合作等方面寻求突破。

关键词: 矿产品贸易, 贸易结构, 竞争性, 互补性, 中巴, 贸易优势

Abstract:

The construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is moving toward high-quality development,and strengthening the trade of mineral products between China and Pakistan is also one of the important contents.Pakistan has good metallogenic conditions and relatively abundant resource reserves such as metal ores.Analyzing the competitive and complementary trade of mineral products between China and Pakistan in order to grasp the new direction of trade cooperation can provide new ideas to solve the problem of tightening mineral resource constraints in China.Based on the trade data in the UN COMTRADE database from 2005 to 2021,this paper measures the relative trade advantage index(RTA) and the bilateral comprehensive complementarity coef-ficient(OBC) to explore the competitiveness and complementarity of China-Pakistan mineral products trade based on the description of the development status and trade structure of bilateral mineral products trade between China and Pakistan,respectively.The results show that the development of China-Pakistan mineral trade is stable,but the trade structures of both sides differ greatly.The mineral products in which China and Pakistan each have trade advantages are different,and Pakistan has a larger number of mineral products with relative trade advantages,and the country mainly takes advantage of the metal mineral category,while China takes advantage of oil and gas products.In general,the competitiveness of China-Pakistan mineral trade is weak,and in the long run,China and Pakistan will form a complementary relationship,mainly focusing on metal ores,refined oil products and oil derivatives,etc.mineral products category.The study finds that China and Pakistan have great potential for cooperation in mineral trade,which can,to a certain extent,provide a new way to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of mineral products in China.In the future,China should firmly orient its policies and make full use of the complementary relationship to continue to maintain and develop its mineral products trade exchanges with Pakistan and seek breakthroughs in industrial cooperation and other aspects.

Key words: mineral trade, trade structure, competition, complementarity, China-Pakistan, trade advantage

中图分类号: 

  • TD9

表1

矿产品范围"

矿产品类别代码名称矿产品类别代码名称

27类:

粗肥料

272粗肥料

28类:

金属矿及金属屑

28785铌、钽、钒矿石及其精矿
273石、砂及砾石28791铬矿石及其精矿
274硫磺及未焙烧的黄铁矿石28792钨矿石及其精矿
277天然研磨料28793钴矿石及其精矿
278其他原矿物28799其他贱金属矿石及其精矿

28类:

金属矿及金属屑

281铁矿石及其精矿288有色金属废料及碎屑
282钢铁废料、碎屑、再熔废锭28911银矿石及其精矿
283铜矿石及其精矿28919其他贵金属矿石及其精矿
284镍矿石及其精矿2892贵金属废料及碎片
2851铝矿石及其精矿

3类:

矿物燃料、润滑油及有关原料

321未成块的煤
2852铝土322煤砖、褐煤及泥煤
2861铀矿石及其精矿325焦炭及半焦炭
2862钍矿石及其精矿333原油
2874铅矿石及其精矿334石油提炼油及废油
2875锌矿石及其精矿335石油残渣副产品及有关原料
2876锡矿石及其精矿342液化丙烷及丁烷
2877锰矿石及其精矿343天然气
28781焙烧的钼矿石及其精矿344其他石油气
28782钼矿石及其精矿345煤气、水煤气及类似气体
28783钛矿石及其精矿351电流
28784锆矿石及其精矿

图1

2005—2021年中巴双边贸易变化"

图2

2005—2021年中巴矿产品双边贸易变化"

图3

2005—2021年中巴矿产品相对贸易优势指标注:图3(a)中,右Y轴标题RTA值(325)表示的是“325”这种矿产品RTA值的变化曲线所对应的Y坐标轴,由于其数值较大,如果将其与另外RTA值较小的矿产品的变化曲线绘制在一个Y坐标轴(左Y轴)下,会使得图像不美观、不清晰,故构建双Y轴坐标系来绘图,以更清晰地表示各矿产品RTA值的变化趋势,图3(b)亦同理"

表2

中巴矿产品双边综合互补性系数"

代码OBC代码OBC
2720.141287850.141
2730.553287910.024
274-0.22128792-0.227
2770.17928793-0.287
2780.786287990.235
2810.4832880.391
2820.509289110.191
2830.49728919-0.029
2840.06528920.326
28510.329321-0.219
28520.143322-0.707
2861/3250.510
28620.0933330.787
28740.3723340.339
28750.020335-0.603
2876/3420.017
28770.034343-0.875
28781/344-0.462
28782-0.0693450.017
287830.0113510.579
287840.326

表3

中巴互补矿产品种类"

代码名称代码名称
272粗肥料2875锌矿石及其精矿
273石、砂及砾石2877锰矿石及其精矿
277天然研磨料28791铬矿石及其精矿
278其他原矿物28911银矿石及其精矿
281铁矿石及其精矿2892贵金属废料及碎片
283铜矿石及其精矿325焦炭及半焦炭
2851铝矿石及其精矿334石油提炼油及废油
2874铅矿石及其精矿351电流
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[1] 许礼刚,关景文,徐美娟. 中巴经济走廊建设:有色金属产业合作模式与保障措施[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2020, 28(2): 195-202.
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