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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 37-49.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.01.150

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃北山音凹峡地区水系沉积物测量地球化学特征及找矿靶区优选

陈海云(),龚振中,杨镇熙,任长旭,周兆明   

  1. 甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第四地质矿产勘查院,甘肃 酒泉 735000
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-19 修回日期:2022-12-20 出版日期:2023-02-28 发布日期:2023-03-27
  • 作者简介:陈海云(1992-),男,甘肃定西人,工程师,从事矿产地质调查工作。chy009@cug.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省肃北蒙古族自治县音凹峡—新场地区1/5万矿产远景调查”(甘国土资财发[2015]16号);甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市前红泉—黑山北滩地区1/5万矿产远景调查”(甘财经二[2017]105号);甘肃省科技计划项目“甘肃北山成宣镁铁质—超镁铁质杂岩体成因与找矿潜力研究”(21JR7RA787);甘肃省科技计划项目“北祁连造山带东段埃达克岩成因及其对区域构造与成矿的制约”(22JR5RA819)

Geochemical Characteristics of Stream Sediment Survey and Prospecting Target Selection in the Yinwaxia Area,Beishan,Gansu Province

Haiyun CHEN(),Zhenzhong GONG,Zhenxi YANG,Changxu REN,Zhaoming ZHOU   

  1. Fourth Institute of Geological and Mineral Exploration of Gansu Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Jiuquan 735000,Gansu,China
  • Received:2022-10-19 Revised:2022-12-20 Online:2023-02-28 Published:2023-03-27

摘要:

音凹峡地区位于北山南带,是甘肃北山地区重要的成矿带,目前地质工作程度较低。通过对音凹峡地区开展1/5万水系沉积物地球化学测量,初步总结了区域地球化学特征,圈定了地球化学异常,为下一步找矿工作部署和成矿规律研究提供了基础资料。运用多元素富集系数累加化探方法,圈定找矿靶区16个。通过对找矿靶区开展概略检查和重点检查工作,在9个靶区中发现矿化线索。研究结果表明:在工作程度较低地区多元素富集系数累加化探方法可以快速缩小找矿范围,确定找矿目标,有助于提高找矿工作效率。

关键词: 水系沉积物, 地球化学特征, 多元素富集系数累加, 找矿靶区, 北山地区, 甘肃省

Abstract:

As an important method of geological prospecting,the geochemical survey focuses on the acquisition,interpretation,and evaluation of geochemical data.At present,the main geochemical measurement methods of mineral prospect surveys include stream sediment survey,soil survey,and rock survey.After obtaining the regional geochemical data,extraction of geological information will be the biggest difficulty for geological prospecting.The conventional geochemical data processing method is relatively mature at present,but its efficacy in delineating abnormal areas and locating concentration centers has been drew back by the huge workload of large-scale geological verification.Using geochemical data reasonably to delineate prospecting target areas has become an important task of current geochemical data processing.Yinwaxia area,located in the southern belt of Beishan,Gansu Province,is an important metallogenic belt in Beishan,Gansu Province,with a low degree of geological work.During the 1∶50 000 mineral prospect survey,the stream sediment survey was carried out simultaneously,and the content information of 16 elements such as Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn,W,Sn,Mo,As,Sb,Bi,Cr,Ni,Co,Ba and Hg was obtained.And then through conventional geochemical data processing methods,geochemical anomaly maps and comprehensive anomaly maps were compiled,and 32 comprehensive anomalies were delineated.However,there is an urgent problem to be solved here,that is,the number of anomalous areas is large and the area is also large,which leads to excessive workload and individual anomalies that can’t be verified in the field.In order to further determine the prospecting target area accurately,this paper uses the multi-element enrichment coefficient accumulation method to further process the geochemical data.That is,according to the element enrichment characteristics,the enrichment coefficients of each element in the same sample were accumulated to obtain a new variable-enrichment coefficient accumulation value.The accumulation value of the enrichment coefficient was used to draw the anomaly map and the new prospecting target area will also be re-delineated by the cumulative frequency method to delineate three-level anomalies.The anomaly centers with three-level concentration zones or some large-area secondary concentration zones were selected as prospecting targets(16 in total).In each target area,the enrichment coefficient was utilized to determine the main ore-forming elements.The different exploration approaches were adopted to check the prospecting target area with different main ore-forming elements.Through the verification of the target area,ore(mineralization) points were found in 9 prospecting target areas,and the ore-finding rate was 56.25%.The ore-finding rate of the prospecting target area with three-level concentration zoning is 61.54%,which shows very good ore-finding effect.The results show that the enrichment coefficient accumulation can make the delineation of prospecting target area more accurately and efficiently,which remarkably improves the probability of successful prospecting.Therefore,it is instructive in 1∶50 000 mineral prospect investigation.

Key words: stream sediments, geochemical characteristics, accumulation of multi-element enrichment coefficient, target area of prospecting, Beishan area, Gansu Province

中图分类号: 

  • P596

图1

北山南带岩石构造图(a)(修改自陈世明等,2022)及音凹峡地区地质简图(b)1.第四系与新近系;2.二叠系方山口组;3.石炭系红柳园组;4.长城系铅炉子沟群;5.敦煌岩群B岩组;6.晚二叠世花岗岩;7.晚二叠世辉长岩;8.晚石炭世二长花岗岩;9.中元古代二长花岗岩;10.英安岩、流纹岩和英安质角砾凝灰岩;11.研究区范围"

表 1

水系沉积物样品分析方法及质量参数"

分析方法元素规范要求检出限配套方法检出限

报出率

/%

原子荧光光谱法As1197.50
Hg55100.00
Sb0.20.198.85
石墨炉原子吸收光谱法Au0.30.25100.00

电感耦合等离子体质

谱法

Ba5050100.00
Bi0.10.0299.93
Co11100.00
Cr151299.65
Cu1.51100.00
Mo0.50.2199.99
Ni3397.50
Pb54.399.97
W0.50.1399.99
Zn159.3100.00
发射光谱法Ag3021100.00
Sn10.898.44

表2

音凹峡地区水系沉积物地球化学参数统计结果"

元素地球化学场(N=7 282)地球化学背景场D北山水系沉积物背景值
XˉδCvKkXˉ0δ0Cv0Kk0
Cr29.6528.280.951.1626.079.890.381.023.2525.6
Co6.384.240.661.606.253.780.601.561.154.0
Ni13.2214.961.130.9211.916.910.580.832.4014.3
Cu13.398.340.620.9912.896.410.500.951.3513.5
Zn49.3826.260.531.3548.2319.760.411.321.3636.6
Mo1.000.530.532.000.950.340.361.901.640.5
Ba415.82214.480.520.52413.11154.960.380.521.39796.0
W1.366.154.521.701.020.620.611.2813.230.8
Pb21.459.940.461.2521.118.350.401.231.2117.1
Bi0.290.321.101.450.270.190.701.351.810.2
As4.715.541.180.964.213.020.720.862.054.9
Sb0.551.903.451.100.470.220.470.9410.110.5
Sn1.210.650.540.641.140.320.280.602.161.9
Ag49.4315.850.320.9648.447.070.150.942.2951.5
Hg57.5016.020.286.2557.5215.970.286.251.009.2
Au4.4317.423.933.693.630.800.223.0326.571.2

图2

元素R型聚类分析谱系图elements"

图3

主要元素异常图(Au、Sb、W)"

表3

元素异常及下限统计结果"

异常元素异常数量/个异常下限异常元素异常数量/个异常下限
Ag8761.10Mo941.56
As709.38Ni8423.75
Au1455.07Pb6136.33
Ba69726.07Sb1030.88
Bi800.61Sn861.67
Co6112.83W1032.18
Cr9643.24Zn4882.99
Cu6824.33Hg13488.94

图4

多元素富集系数累加异常图"

表4

找矿靶区优选及查证情况"

靶区编号主要异常元素浓度分带平均富集系数岩浆岩构造遥感蚀变

综合

评分

靶区综合排序查证情况
Au、W、Bi、Sb33.233214.201通过槽探工程揭露,圈定锑矿体、金矿化体,发现金山道锑矿点
ⅩⅤSb、W、Au、Bi32.7933213.792对该靶区运用槽探工程揭露,发现金山道南金多金属矿
??Au、W、Co32.4233213.423前人在该异常中发现咸水井东南金矿点,本次通过槽探工程揭露,在咸水井和郝家井地区圈定钨矿体,发现咸水井钨矿点和郝家井钨矿点
ⅩⅣAu、W、Bi、Mo32.2633213.264该靶区南侧为小西弓金矿,通过槽探工程揭露,圈定金钨矿体
Zn、Au、As31.9833212.985通过踏勘检查及槽探工程揭露,圈定铅锌铜锡银多金属矿体,为大旗山铅锌矿化带的延伸,找矿前景良好
W、Au、Mo32.7223212.726通过槽探工程揭露,圈定金矿体,发现3个井北东金矿点
ⅩⅥW、Cr、Ni32.4633112.467布设踏勘路线及地化剖面,未发现矿化线索
Au、W、Mo32.6513211.658通过夜间采用白钨矿探矿灯,在其中发现小草湖西钨矿点
Au、Mo、As32.8621210.869布设踏勘路线及地球化学剖面,未发现矿化线索
Au、Mo、Co22.1122210.1110布设踏勘路线及地球化学剖面,未发现矿化线索
Au、Mo、Co、Sb32.0322110.0311前人在该异常中发现红柳沙疙瘩井红柱石矿点,本次工作通过槽探工程揭露,圈定锑矿体、金矿化体,发现金山道北锑矿点
Au、Co、Zn32.0222110.0212布设踏勘路线及地化剖面,未发现矿化线索
Au、Bi、Mo31.923209.9213布设踏勘路线及地化剖面,未发现矿化线索
W、Au、Co32.781129.7814布设踏勘路线及地化剖面,未发现矿化线索
Cr、Co、Au、Ni22.213119.2115通过槽探工程揭露,圈定钛铁矿矿化体,发现3个井钛铁矿点
W、Au、Co21.913107.9116布设踏勘路线及地化剖面,未发现矿化线索

表5

找矿靶区见矿统计结果"

浓度分带异常数量/个见矿异常数/个异常见矿率/%靶区数/个见矿靶区数/个靶区见矿率/%
三级261038.4613861.54
二级4212.383133.33
一级4100.00
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