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黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 531-540.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.04.193

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

含孔洞岩石在静应力下的循环冲击试验研究

戴兵1,2,3(),单启伟1,罗鑫尧1(),薛永明1   

  1. 1.南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳 421000
    2.中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    3.山东黄金集团深井开采实验室,山东 莱州 261400
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-04 修回日期:2020-05-21 出版日期:2020-08-31 发布日期:2020-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 罗鑫尧 E-mail:daibingusc@usc.edu.cn;1248329342@qq.com
  • 作者简介:戴兵(1986-),男,湖南益阳人,讲师,从事矿山深部岩石力学和多场耦合方面的研究工作。daibingusc@usc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“动应力场与渗流场耦合下卸荷裂隙岩体动态损伤演化机制研究”(51804163);中国博士后基金面上项目“金属矿深竖井开挖变形破坏机理与能量演化规律研究”(2018M642678)

Cyclic Impact Test of Hole-bearing Rock Under Static Stress

Bing DAI1,2,3(),Qiwei SHAN1,Xinyao LUO1(),Yongming XUE1   

  1. 1.School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421000,Hunan,China
    2.School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
    3.Deep Gold Mining Laboratory of Shandong Gold Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Laizhou 261400,Shandong,China
  • Received:2019-12-04 Revised:2020-05-21 Online:2020-08-31 Published:2020-08-27
  • Contact: Xinyao LUO E-mail:daibingusc@usc.edu.cn;1248329342@qq.com

摘要:

为探究地下工程开挖过程中外部荷载对周边围岩多重扰动作用的影响,进一步开展岩石在动静组合作用下的循环冲击试验研究,通过改进式SHPB试验装置研究含横向贯通孔洞花岗岩(φ50 mm×50 mm)在循环冲击荷载下的动态力学特性,采用轴压水平分别为0MPa,0.3σf,0.4σf,0.5σf,0.6σf,0.7σf进行循环冲击试验(σf为单轴平均抗压强度,单位为MPa)。结果表明:在冲击荷载作用下,峰值应力随着冲击荷载作用次数的增加先增大后减小,并随着平均应变率的增大而增大;弹性模量随着冲击次数的增加先增大后降低,在不同轴压水平作用下试件冲击破坏形态均为轴向劈裂破坏模式;随着应变速率增大,破裂面逐渐增多,破碎程度加剧,碎块尺寸减小;应变率较小时,破碎效果不明显,应变率较大时,破碎效果显著。

关键词: 循环冲击荷载, 破坏模式, 应变率, SHPB, 力学特性, 破坏形态

Abstract:

Along with the development of underground engineering in recent decades,the underground en-gineering excavation depth and the construction scale is increasing.In the deep-layer rock engineering activities,the researchers observed that deep rocks are subjected to huge in-situ stress in all directions,which has a non-negligible effect on the mechanical properties of the rock.In order to ensure the safety of underground engineering construction,technician must solve the deep strata of rock “high geostress” and so on.With the deepening of underground engineering,due to the different stress conditions of rocks at different depths,there is a difference between the horizontal axial pressure and the surrounding rock pressure under different depths.In addition,the implementation and development of underground engineering activities are often carried out through drilling and blasting methods,explosive blasting,mechanical disturbance,manual excavation,etc.,each time the development of the project will have different degrees of disturbance and damage to the surrounding rock.In this experiment,the improved SHPB test device was used to study the mechanical properties of a complete granite rock specimen with transverse holes under the same axial pressure level and different axial pressure levels.Unequal amplitude cyclic impact tests on rock samples under the combined action of axial compression and impact load was conducted.The research results are of great significance to protect and maintain the stability of surrounding rock around the roadway in the future underground engineering construction.In the impact test,a certain level of axial pressure was applied to each sample in advance,and the axial pressure level was 0 MPa,0.3 σf,0.4 σf,0.5 σf,0.6 σf and 0.7 σf(σf is the uniaxial compressive strength, MPa), respectively.During the implementation of axial pressure,the axial pressure is controlled by a manual oil pump to adjust the axial pressure to achieve a constant axial pressure load.In order to avoid the next impact failure of the samples under different coaxial pressure,a lower pressure of 0.45 MPa was defined in this test through several adjustment tests.Each sample was impacted by the initial pressure once.After the end of one cycle,the pressure of the previous one was increased by 0.05 MPa,until all samples were damaged by impact.Test results show that under different impact load step by step,the peak stress increased with the increase of the number of shock load increases first,then decrease,and increases with the increase of average strain rate.Elastic modulus increase first and then decrease with the increase of impact times performance.Under different axial pressure levels,the impact failure modes of the specimens are all axial splitting failure modes.As the strain rate increases,the fracture surface gradually increases,the degree of fragmentation increases,and the fragment size decreases.When the strain rate is small,the crushing effect is not obvious,and when the strain rate is large,the crushing effect is significant.

Key words: cyclic impact, load failure mode, strain rate, SHPB, mechanical characteristics, failure patterns

中图分类号: 

  • TD315

图1

加工好的花岗岩试样"

图2

冲击试验装置示意图"

图3

不同轴压作用下试样应力—应变图注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

图4

峰值应力与冲击载荷作用次数的关系注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

图5

轴压为0.6σf时不同试样峰值应力与应变率的关系注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

图6

不同轴压下弹性模量与冲击次数的关系注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

图7

不同轴压作用下试样的破裂形态注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

图8

不同时刻试样裂缝发展情况"

图9

不同应变率下试样的破碎形态注:σf为单轴抗压强度(MPa)"

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