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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 826-834.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.06.826

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

坦桑尼亚PL7184金矿床矿石特征与金的赋存状态

张克川(),罗清威(),义爱文,秦德雨,权成,杨继兵   

  1. 河南省有色金属地质矿产局第七地质大队,河南 郑州 450018
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-18 修回日期:2019-05-13 出版日期:2019-12-31 发布日期:2019-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 罗清威 E-mail:zkc.001@163.com;hpu201312@163.com
  • 作者简介:张克川(1982-),男,河南南阳人,工程师,从事固体矿产资源地质勘查工作。zkc.001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省地质勘查基金项目“坦桑尼亚欣延加(Shinyanga┫区Mawemeru地区PL7184金矿普查”┣09)

Ore Characteristics and Gold Occurrence Status of PL7184 Gold Deposit in Tanzania

Kechuan ZHANG(),Qingwei LUO(),Aiwen YI,Deyu QIN,Cheng QUAN,Jibing YANG   

  1. Henan Provincial Non-ferrous Metals Geological and Mineral Resources Bureau No. 7 Geological Team,Zhengzhou 450018,Henan,China
  • Received:2019-01-18 Revised:2019-05-13 Online:2019-12-31 Published:2019-12-24
  • Contact: Qingwei LUO E-mail:zkc.001@163.com;hpu201312@163.com

摘要:

PL7184金矿床位于环维多利亚湖金矿成矿区的马巴莱—布洪古基拉绿岩型金矿带上,对其矿石特征及金的赋存状态进行研究,有助于指导矿石选冶工艺及流程优化。通过野外地质观察、光薄片鉴定、电子显微镜和电子探针分析等技术方法,对该区金矿床矿石特征和金的赋存状态进行了系统研究。结果表明:金矿体主要赋存在条带状含铁建造岩层与酸性火山沉积岩层间的剪切破碎带内,区内金矿石划分为稠密浸染状黄铁矿化金矿石、稀疏浸染状黄铁矿化金矿石、细脉状黄铁矿化金矿石和含星点状黄铁矿化金矿石4种自然类型,其中稠密浸染状黄铁矿化金矿石含金性最好。金矿物的种类以银金矿为主,有少量自然金;金矿物的赋存状态以粒间金为主,其次为包裹金和裂隙金,金矿物粒度以中细粒为主,粒径多在0.01~0.07 mm之间。

关键词: 金矿床, 矿石特征, 自然金, 银金矿, 金的赋存状态, 坦桑尼亚

Abstract:

The greenstone belt around Victoria Lake in Northwest Tanzania is one of the famous gold metallogenic belts in the world,about 90% of the gold deposits are related to the BIF type gold deposits,but its overall research level is low,especially lack of researching on ore characteristics,gold-bearing properties,gold minerals and occurrence of gold,etc.Based on the study of ore characteristics and gold occurrence state of the greenstone belt gold deposit around Victoria Lake in Tanzania,the genesis of the deposit was comprehensively analyzed to guide ore processing and metallurgical process.By means of field observation,optical thin section identification,electron microscopy and electron probe analysis,the ore characteristics and occurrence of gold in PL7184 gold deposit have been systematically studied and analyzed.The results show that the PL7184 gold deposit belongs to altered rock type gold deposit controlled by ductile shear zone.It is a subclass of greenstone belt type gold deposit.Its gold orebodies mainly occur in shear fracture zone between banded iron-bearing formation rock and acid volcanic sedimentary rock.The gold ores are divided into four natural types in this area,they are dense disseminated pyrrhotite,sparse disseminated pyrrhotite,veinlet pyrrhotitand star-bearing point pyrrhotite.Among them,the dense disseminated gold pyrrhotite ore has the richest gold content,accompanied by strong pyrrhotitization,silicification and arsenopyrite alteration.The primary ore mineral symbiotic assemblages in this area are mainly silver-gold deposit+natural gold(small amount)+pyrite+quartz+chlorite+arsenopyrite+pyrrhotite.Some of the marenatural gold+pyrite+quartz+chlorite,natural gold(small amount)+pyrite+quartz.The content of Au in gold minerals is 65.63% to 85.36%,with an average of 74.77%.The content of Ag is 12.25% to 33.79%,with an average of 24.27%.The ratio of w(Ag)/w(Au) is 0.14 to 0.51,mainly concentrated in 0.25 to 0.34.The main types are silver-gold deposits,with a small amount of natural gold.The fineness of silver-gold deposits is 656.3‰ to 791.8‰,with an average of 734.5‰,and the fineness of natural gold is relatively high,the highest is 853.6‰.The occurrence of gold minerals is mainly intergranular gold,followed by encapsulated gold and fissure gold.Meanwhile,the particle size of gold minerals is mainly medium-fine grains,and the particle size is 0.01 mm to 0.07 mm in more.

Key words: gold deposit, ore characteristics, native gold, electrum, the occurence status of gold, Tanzania

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

环维多利亚湖金矿带区域地质简图(据参考文献[11]修改)1.盖层(局部出露绿岩);2.布科班沉积物;3.岩浆岩;4.绿岩带;5.花岗岩类岩石(未分化);6.主要剪切带;7.裂谷断层;8.研究区位置;9.主要城市"

图2

浸染状黄铁矿(a)原生浸染状金矿石;(b)黄铁矿呈浸染状、脉状分布(100×反光)"

图3

坦桑尼亚PL7184金矿床矿石矿物组成(a)黄铁矿呈浸染状分布(100×反光);(b)磁黄铁矿、毒砂和黄铁矿紧密共生,呈浸染状分布(50×反光);(c)银金矿呈角粒状分布于石英与褐铁矿粒间(200×反光);(d)银金矿呈浑圆状和角粒状包裹于石英中(500×反光)Py-黄铁矿;Sp-闪锌矿;Ccp-黄铜矿;Mag-磁铁矿;Po-磁黄铁矿;Apy-毒砂;Lm-褐铁矿;Qz-石英"

表1

金矿物电子探针化学成分分析结果"

光片编号AgAuCuZnPbFeS总量
22-119.7679.180.100.02-0.120.2099.38
21.4777.820.130.040.010.060.1799.70
24.5373.400.070.03-0.090.2898.40
2-724.0375.570.030.02-0.180.0799.90
3-333.3266.280.010.03-0.100.1499.88
33.7965.630.05-0.020.1101099.70
24.2175.270.03--0.070.2199.79
25.0674.43-0.02-0.120.1599.78
22-112.2585.360.110.040.020.100.2298.10

表2

自然金和银金矿的电子探针分析及成色统计"

光片编号w(Ag)/%w(Au)/%w(Ag)/w(Au)成色/‰定名
22-119.7679.180.25791.8银金矿
21.4777.820.28778.2
24.5373.400.33734.0
2-724.0375.570.32755.7
3-333.3266.280.50662.8
33.7965.630.51656.3
24.2175.270.32752.7
25.0674.430.34744.3
22-112.2585.360.14853.6自然金

图4

能谱分析及背散射电子图像"

表3

金矿物粒度和赋存状态统计"

光片编号矿石类型粒度粒度合计赋存形态
粗粒中粒细粒微粒粒间金包裹金裂隙金
42-2细脉状00101010
43-4稀疏浸染状00808512
43-8稠密浸染状01340353302
44-2稠密浸染状2370121200
3-3细脉状00415032
2-7细脉状00101010
22-1细脉状03216240
合 计275726852106
占比/%2.910.383.82.976.514.78.8

图5

显微镜下金矿物的赋存状态(a)光片44-2含自然金8粒(0.01~0.08 mm),为粒间金;(b)光片43-4含自然金1粒(0.025 mm),为磁黄铁矿包裹;(c)光片43-4含自然金2粒(0.03 mm、0.025 mm),为裂隙金;(d)43-8光片含自然金2粒,分别为裂隙金(0.015 mm)和粒间金(0.04 mm)"

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