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黄金科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 750-760.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.06.750

• • 上一篇    下一篇

频繁生产爆破加载下饱水岩体累积损伤效应声波测试研究

刘连生1,2(),钟清亮1,闫雷1,钟文1,2,梁龙华1   

  1. 1. 江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西 赣州 341000
    2. 江西省矿业工程重点实验室,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-08 修回日期:2018-03-28 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2019-01-24
  • 作者简介:刘连生(1979 -),男,江西赣州人,博士,教授,从事岩石动力学与工程爆破方面的教学与研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“爆炸应力波在离子型稀土风化层中传播机制研”(编号:51404111)、“原地浸矿后离子型稀土矿体微结构力学特性弱化机制研究”(编号:51504102)、中国国家留学基金委资助项目(编号:201708360023)、中国博士后科学基金项目“爆炸应力波在离子型稀土风化层传播的能量耗散机制研究”(编号:2014M562529XB)、江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目“岩质边坡爆破高程放大效应的能量分布特征研究”(编号:GJJ160643)、江西理工大学重点学科资助项目“露天矿台阶爆破开采高程放大效应研究”(编号:3304000004)和江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划项目联合资助

Measurement of Sound Waves to Study Cumulative Damage Effect on Saturated Rock Under Frequent Production Blast Loading

Liansheng LIU1,2(),Qingliang ZHONG1,Lei YAN1,Wen ZHONG1,2,Longhua LIANG1   

  1. 1. Faculty of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
    2. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2017-12-08 Revised:2018-03-28 Online:2018-12-31 Published:2019-01-24

摘要:

随着矿山生产爆破的持续进行,爆破对工程岩体造成的损伤存在一个不断累积的过程,当累积超过其承受极限时,将造成边坡滑坡等失稳破坏。采用现场声波测试方法,以声波波速变化表征岩体损伤度,结合LS-DYNA动力有限元数值建模,对矿山频繁爆破加载下饱水岩体累积损伤特性进行试验研究。结果表明:频繁爆破加载作用下,节理裂隙较发育的工程岩体受到的损伤存在不断积累的过程。由于岩体的饱水状态,前期的爆破次序中岩体出现损伤的现象极少。随着爆破的持续,岩体出现损伤破坏的现象逐渐增多,且大多为损伤度的突变剧增;饱水岩体表征的损伤阈值应小于0.19,实际发生损伤的现象应比测试结果更多;工程岩体受到频繁爆破加载作用下的累积损伤主要表现为原生裂隙的持续扩张及相互贯通,且岩体裂隙在含水情况下更容易发生破坏贯通。

关键词: 频繁生产爆破, 矿山爆破, 声波测试, 饱水岩体, 累积损伤, 突变, 数值模拟

Abstract:

With the continuous progress of mine production blasting,there is a cumulative process of blasting damage to the engineering rock mass.When the accumulation exceeds its limit,it will cause slope and landslide and so on.Therefore,used the acoustic wave test method in scene and characterizing rock damage by the change of acoustic wave velocity,combined with modeling method of LS-DYNA finite element program to study the cumulative damage characteristics of horizontal engineering rock mass under frequent blast loading.The results show that the damages of engineering rock mass which with abundant joint fissure have a process of continuous accumulation when under frequent blast loading.There have been very few phenomena of rock mass damage happened in the early blasting order because of the saturated state of rock mass.The damage occurs increases gradually with blasting continued practice and it mostly form as the mutation increase of damage degree.The damage threshold of saturated rock should be less than 0.19 and the actual damage occurs should be more than the results of test.The cumulative damage of engineering rock mass under frequent blast loading,it is mainly express on the continuous expansion and coalescence of primary fissures,and the fracture of rock mass is more prone to break through in the case of water cut.

Key words: frequent production blasting, mine blasting, sound wave measurement, saturated rock, cumulative damage effect, sudden change, numerical simulation

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

声波测孔布置示意图"

表1

生产爆破参数"

序号 台阶水平/m 总药量/kg 爆心距/m 单段最大药量/kg 比例药量
1 673 4 464 245 284 0.027
2 697 3 731 68 685 0.129
3 757 6 633 386 509 0.020
4 733 3 290 338 745 0.027
5 697 5 922 48 762 0.190
6 793 3 027 512 601 0.016
7 793 6 432 406 701 0.022
8 793 3 682 353 544 0.023
9 697 3 425 109 436 0.069
10 685 2 541 239 135 0.021
11 661 3 764 488 481 0.016

图2

爆破前各剖面水平声波波速测试数据[25] "

图3

测孔地区岩样"

图4

生产爆破各剖面累积损伤度曲线"

表2

爆破前部分干燥岩体水平声波波速测试数据"

岩体编号 声波纵波波速/(m·s-1
1-5.00 3 789.2
2-4.00 3 618.5
3-5.00 3 826.0
4-7.00 3 944.1
5-4.50 3 508.2

表3

各测试剖面发生损伤突增现象统计"

测试剖面号 岩体发生损伤突增的爆破次序 岩体发生损伤突增的测点数/个
1-2 11 1
2-3 7、8 1
1-3 5、7~10 4
1-4 5、6、7 2
2-4 - 0
2-5 6、7 1
3-5 7~11 4
4-5 3~6、8、10 5

图5

模拟爆破炮孔布置"

图6

模拟爆破不同测点累积损伤度曲线"

图7

数值模拟模型"

表4

岩石基础力学参数"

参数 数值 参数 数值
密度/(kg·m-3 2630 泊松比 0.22
屈服应力/MPa 75.47 剪切模量/GPa 7.184
弹性模量/GPa 17.53 黏聚力/MPa 0.198

表5

炸药参数取值[31] "

参数 数值 参数 数值
密度/(kg·m-3 1631 R 1 4.5
爆速/(m·s-1 6718 R 2 1.1
爆轰压力/GPa 18.5 ω 0.35
A/GPa 540.9 E 0/(MJ·m-3 800
B/GPa 9.4

图8

裂隙含水扩张情况"

图9

裂隙不含水扩张情况"

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