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黄金科学技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 41-54.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2024.01.091

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

山东南吕—欣木金矿床金的赋存状态及富集机制

史磊1(),王西荣2,3(),宁霄峰3,鹿峰宾3,许延波3,李亚楠4,5   

  1. 1.安徽工业经济职业技术学院,安徽 合肥 230051
    2.安徽省地质实验研究所(国土资源部合肥矿产资源监督检测中心),安徽 合肥 230001
    3.山东黄金地质矿产勘查有限公司,山东 莱州 261400
    4.中国地质大学环境学院,湖北 武汉 430074
    5.北方工程设计研究院有限公司,河北 石家庄 050000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-13 修回日期:2023-09-05 出版日期:2024-02-29 发布日期:2024-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 王西荣 E-mail:328715521@qq.com;214502468@qq.com
  • 作者简介:史磊(1984-),男,安徽宿州人,讲师,从事地球化学研究工作。328715521@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“胶东焦家断裂南延覆盖区金矿综合找矿技术研究与增储示范”(2022YFC2903605-2);安徽省教育厅自然科研重点项目“江南隆起带东段西坞口岩体含矿性与稀有金属锂的成矿关系研究”(2023AH052676)

Occurrence State and Enrichment Mechanism of Gold in Nanlü-Xinmu Gold Deposit,Shandong Province

Lei SHI1(),Xirong WANG2,3(),Xiaofeng NING3,Fengbin LU3,Yanbo XU3,Yanan LI4,5   

  1. 1.Anhui Technical College of Industry and Economy, Hefei 230051, Anhui, China
    2.Anhui Provincial Geological Experimental Research Institute (Hefei Mineral Resources Supervision and Testing Center of the Ministry of Land and Resources), Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
    3.Shandong Gold Group Geological and Mineral Exploration Co. , Ltd. , Laizhou 261400, Shandong, China
    4.School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
    5.Northern Engineering Design and Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2023-06-13 Revised:2023-09-05 Online:2024-02-29 Published:2024-03-22
  • Contact: Xirong WANG E-mail:328715521@qq.com;214502468@qq.com

摘要:

为探讨南吕—欣木金矿床金的赋存状态及富集机制,结合矿区地质特征,采用能谱和电子探针(EPMA)对研究区内采集的岩(矿)石标本进行分析,获取矿物生成顺序,分析金矿物的形态、粒度、成色和赋存状态,探讨金的富集机制。研究表明:南吕—欣木金矿床成矿阶段可划分为4个阶段,即黄铁矿—石英(Ⅰ)、金—石英—黄铁矿(Ⅱ)、金—石英—多金属硫化物(Ⅲ)和石英—方解石(Ⅳ),其中第Ⅰ、Ⅲ阶段是金的主要成矿阶段。金的赋存状态有晶隙金(占49.87%)、裂隙金(占42.81%)和包体金(占7.32%)。裂隙金的大小为7~20 μm。金成色变化范围在886~943之间,平均成色为845,变化系数为11.72%。相关分析结果显示:相关性显著的元素是Ag和Ag、Fe和S。金与其他元素的相关性大小依次是Au→Ag→Cr→Fe→S,与Pb、Cu和Zn等元素相关性不大。黄铁矿是主要的载金矿物。金从矿源层(古老变质岩和玲珑复合岩体)溶滤出来,以简单的氯化物和络合物等迁移,富集在2个成矿阶段叠加部位。研究结果为揭示区域金的赋存状态和矿床成因提供了证据,也为总结焦家金成矿带成矿规律提供了科学依据。

关键词: 金的赋存状态, 成矿富集机制, 成矿阶段, 金成色, 南吕—欣木金矿

Abstract:

The Nanlü-Xinmu gold deposit is a super large gold deposit since explored.In order to discuss the occurrence status and enrichment mechanism of gold,rock and ore samples were collected in this study.The ore structure,mineral composition,mineral generation sequence,mineralization stage division,and the morphology,particle size,fineness,occurrence status,and enrichment mechanism of gold were obtained by using optical thin section identification,energy spectrum,and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) methods.The mineralization stage of Nanlü-Xinmu gold deposit can be divided into four stages,namely pyrite-quartz(Ⅰ),gold-pyrite-quartz(Ⅱ),gold-quartz-polymetallic sulfide (Ⅲ)and quartz-carbonate(Ⅳ).The main mineralization stage of gold is the second and third stages.The existence modes of gold include interstitial gold(49.87%),fissure gold(42.81%),and inclusion gold(7.31%).The size of crack gold is 7~20 μm.The fineness of gold is between 886 and 943,the average fineness is 845.10,and the coefficient of variation is 11.72%.The correlation analysis results show that the most significant correlations are gold-silver and iron-sulfur.The correlation between gold and other elements is in the order of Au-Ag-Cr-Fe-S,with little correlation with Pb,Cu,Zn,etc.Pyrite is a gold bearing mineral.Gold is leached out from the ore source bed(ancient Metamorphic rock and Linglong composite rock body) and migrated as simple chlorides and complexes.Gold mineralization is concentrated in the superposition of two mineralization stages.This study provides basic data for revealing the occurrence and genesis of regional gold.

Key words: occurrence state of gold, metallogenic and enrichment mechanism, metallogenic stage, gold fineness, Nanlü-Xinmu gold deposit

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

南吕—欣木地区区域地质图和金矿床分布图(王彦玮等,2017)1.第四系全新统;2.古近系始新统;3.郭家岭序列(花岗闪长岩);4.玲珑序列(二长花岗岩);5.栖霞序列(英云闪长岩);6.马连庄序列(变质辉长岩);7.石英脉;8.金矿床(大型);9.金矿床(中型);10.金矿床(小型);11.零星金矿床"

图2

南吕—欣木金矿床地质图1.第四系全新统;2.郭家岭序列(花岗闪长岩);4.玲珑序列(二长花岗岩);5.栖霞序列(英云闪长岩);6.马连庄序列(变质辉长岩);7.石英脉;8.断裂;9.金矿床"

图3

南吕—欣木矿区联合中段图(王彦玮等,2017)1.二长花岗岩;2.变辉长岩;3.钾化花岗岩;4.黄铁绢英岩化花岗岩;5.绢英岩化花岗质碎裂岩;6.黄铁绢英岩化花岗质碎裂岩;7.黄铁绢英岩化碎裂岩;8.矿体及编号"

图4

Ⅰ-1号矿体厚度变化趋势(王彦玮等,2017)"

图5

Ⅰ-1号矿体品位变化趋势(王彦玮等,2017)(Wang et al.,2017)"

图6

南吕—欣木矿区金矿石镜下鉴定图(反射光)(a)浸染状黄铁矿和黄铜矿;(b)浸染状—脉状和粒状黄铁矿;(c)黄铁矿和黄铜矿呈浸染状—(局部)似脉状;(d)浸染状—脉状黄铁矿和黄铜矿,金呈他形粒状,自然金以尖角状交代黄铁矿;(e)浸染状—脉状黄铁矿、黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿;(f)浸染状—(局部)脉状黄铁矿和黄铜矿;Au-金;Py-黄铁矿;Cp-黄铜矿"

图7

南吕—欣木矿区金矿石矿物能谱测试图(a)黄铁矿;(b)方解石;(c)铁白云石;(d)方铅矿;(e)钾长石;(f)石英"

表1

不同成矿阶段黄铁矿标型及物理性质"

成矿阶段形态颜色光泽

密度

/(g·cm-3

维克硬度

/(kg·mm-2

反射率

/(×10-2

电热系数/(ΜV·℃-1
金—石英—黄铁矿阶段不规则粒状浅黄色强金属光泽4.9634~5.05231048.0

56.27

(641λ)

(-N)型:-95.7;(-N+P)型:-18+128

金—硫化物—

石英多阶段第一世代

五角十二面体灰黄色光泽暗淡4.8635~5.0750683.6

55.09

(641λ)

(-N)型:-104.3;-N+P)型:-103.1;

(-N+P)型:-130.4+106.55

金—硫化物—

石英多阶段第二世代

八面体和五

角十二面体

灰黄色金属光泽,暗淡1 156.0

55.72

(641λ)

(-N+P)型:-36.3~-59.6和+95.8~+140.8

图8

南吕—欣木金矿区成矿阶段及矿物生成顺序"

表2

南吕—欣木金矿区自然金、银金矿金电子探针测试结果"

测试点编号检测项目及结果w(B)/(×10-2合计
SeAsFeCoNiCuZnCrSAgPbAu
NL-YK6-Au1-1-0.012.56----0.130.6311.1-82.7897.2
NL-YK6-Au2-1--1.55---0.020.270.0810.68-87.97100.6
NL-YK6-Au2-2--1.740.02--0.022.620.099.82-83.8798.2
NL-YK6-Au3-2--1.87----0.370.175.34-92.30100.1
NL-YK9-Au1-1-0.011.620.03--0.010.410.237.17-90.66100.1
NL-YK9-Au2-2--1.61-0.01--1.270.279.2-87.0599.4
NL-YK9-Au2-3--1.44--0.030.012.150.288.7-85.1297.7
NL-YK9-Au3-10.01-2.38-0.020.020.010.470.298.89-89.49101.6
NL-YK9-Au4-1-0.032.07---0.021.060.247.65-88.99100.1
NL-YK9-Au5-1--3.07--0.02-1.010.788.15-86.1799.2
NL-YK9-Au6-1--2.88-0.01-0.030.40.768.62-84.5297.2
NL-YK9-Au7-10.01-2.32-0.01--0.260.69.57-90.04102.8
NL-YK9-Au9-1-0.012.78----2.190.518.59-85.2999.4
NL-YK9-Au10-10.01-1.8---0.020.870.218.74-89.25100.9
NL-YK9-Au11-1--1.42----2.530.238.55-87.0099.7
NL-YK10-Au1-1--1.26--0.05-1.510.2226.41-71.05100.5
NL-YK10-Au1-2--1.25-0.010.06-1.60.2226.42-70.49100.1

图9

南吕—欣木矿区金矿物能谱图(a)黄铁矿与方解石裂隙含1粒自然金,粒径约为5 μm;(b)黄铁矿中含1粒晶隙金;(c)黄铁矿中含1粒裂隙金,粒径约为20 μm;(d)黄铁矿中含7粒裂隙金,最大约为20 μm;(e)黄铁矿中含7粒包裹金;(f)黄铁矿中含7粒包裹金"

表3

金矿物粒级统计结果"

粒级粒径/mm粒数/颗相对含量/%
合计-369100
巨粒金>0.29500
粗粒金0.295~0.07400
中粒金<0.074~0.03720.54
细粒金<0.037~0.0112132.79
微粒金<0.0124666.67

表4

金矿物赋存状态统计结果"

赋存

状态

赋存部位粒数/颗相对含量/%

合计

/%

晶隙金黄铁矿晶隙15742.5549.87
黄铁矿与石英晶隙92.44
黄铁矿与黄铜矿晶隙71.90
沿黄铁矿晶隙与黄铜矿共生82.17
黄铁矿与方铅矿晶隙30.81
裂隙金黄铁矿裂隙14439.0242.81
沿黄铁矿裂隙与黄铜矿共生92.44
沿黄铁矿裂隙与方铅矿共生10.27
黄铁矿裂隙内脉石矿物中41.08
包体金黄铁矿中225.967.32
石英中51.36

表5

金矿物成色方差分析统计结果"

统计项目金成色统计值
数值范围577~943
17 747
均值845.10
方差和196 152
均方差96.65
变化系数/%11.72
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