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黄金科学技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 206-218.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.02.109

• 关键金属矿产勘查进展专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

熊耳山地区东草沟金银矿床构造控矿特征与成矿规律研究

徐厚生1(),张德贤2,3()   

  1. 1.河南发恩德矿业有限公司,河南 洛宁 471716
    2.中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    3.中南大学有色金属成矿预测与环境监测教育部重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-31 修回日期:2022-12-27 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 张德贤 E-mail:xuhousheng2006@163.com;dexian.zhang@csu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:徐厚生(1972-),男,安徽青阳人,工程师,从事固体矿产勘查工作。xuhousheng2006@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“成矿系统的控矿构造体系与成矿预测”(2022YFC2903602)

Study on Structure Ore-controlling Characteristics and Metallogenic Regulartiy of Dongcaogou Gold-Silver Deposit in Xiong’ershan Area

Housheng XU1(),Dexian ZHANG2,3()   

  1. 1.Henan Found Mining Co. , Ltd. , Luoning 471716, Henan, China
    2.School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
    3.Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
  • Received:2022-08-31 Revised:2022-12-27 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-04-27
  • Contact: Dexian ZHANG E-mail:xuhousheng2006@163.com;dexian.zhang@csu.edu.cn

摘要:

熊耳山矿集区地处秦岭造山带中东部,印支—燕山期地幔与地壳相互作用导致区内大规模的岩浆活动和构造运动,从而形成区内分布众多的不同期次和规模的贵金属及有色金属矿床。东草沟金银矿床是近年来在熊耳山矿集区新发现的一处金银矿床,目前处于勘探开发阶段。野外构造解析表明,东草沟金银矿床矿体严格受断裂控制,根据产状、运动学和变形特征,将矿区控矿断裂划分为构造破碎带(强构造变形带)和陡倾断裂。东草沟金银矿床构造与矿化时空关系研究表明:早、晚成矿阶段的控矿断裂特征明显不同。其中,早成矿阶段(印支末期—燕山早期)的控矿断裂为压性断层,显示出明显的韧—脆性变形特征,发育有S-C构造及构造片理化带,反映的构造应力场为近SN向挤压;晚成矿阶段(燕山中晚期)的控矿断裂表现为张性断层和脆性变形特征,矿脉具有典型的扩张性充填脉的特征,反映的构造应力场为近EW向引张。区内不同方向的控矿断裂是在近SN向挤压作用下形成的多方向复共轭断层(conjugate-conjugate faults)系,及由其派生的次级断裂,复共轭断层系统的组合式样(assemblage patterns)控制着区内矿体空间展布及式样。

关键词: 控矿断裂, 构造应力场, 控矿规律, 构造演化, 东草沟金银矿床, 熊耳山矿集区

Abstract:

The Xiong’ershan ore concentration area is located in the middle eastern part of the Qinling orogenic belt. Multi-stage tectonic activity leads to regional multi-level faults,among which the first-grade fault is a deep fault with multi-stage activity and structural inheritance characteristics,which controls the distribution of original source of ore-forming materials and regional mineralization.The second-grade fault controls the distribution of metallogenic belts.The third and fourth grade faults are the main ore hosting faults.The regional extension and tectonic extension in Yanshanian period led to extensive magmatic activities,which provided important material and energy sources for mineralization.The interaction between the Yanshanian mantle and the crust led to large-scale magmatic activities and tectonic movement,thus forming a large number of precious and nonferrous metal deposits of different stages and scales in the area.The Dongcaogou deposit is a new gold-silver deposit discovered in the Xiong’ershan ore concentration area in recent years,which is still in the stage of exploration and development.Field structural analysis shows that the orebody of the Dongcaogou deposit is strictly controlled by faults.From the end of Indosinia to the early Yanshanian,the structure in the near EW direction is dominant in this region,with minor NNE-near SN direction faults.Five stages of tectonic activities in the deposit were identified in this study,and their sequence and tectonic stress field are as follows:The first stage tectonic stress field is near SN compression,the second stage tectonic stress field is near EW compression,the third stage tectonic stress field is NW compression,these three stages fault are pre-mineralization structures,the fourth stage tectonic stress field is NNE compression,which is a fault structure in the syn-mineralization,and the late stage tectonic stress field is converted into extension due to stress relaxation.The fifth stage tectonic stress field is NE compression,which is a post-mineralization fault.According to the occurrence,kinematics and deformation characteristics,the ore-control faults can be divided into structural fracture zone (strong structural deformation zone) and steep fault.The study of the time-space relationship between structure and mineralization shows that the ore-controlling faults in the early and late ore-forming stages have obviously difference in structural characteristics.In the early ore-forming stage (late Indosinian early Yanshanian) ,the ore-controlling faults are compressive faults and show obvious ductile brittle deformation where S-C structures and tectonic schistosity zones are developed,reflecting a tectonic stress field of nearly S-N compression. In the late ore forming stage (middle and late Yanshanian) ,the ore-controlling faults are characterized by tensile faults and brittle deformation,and the ore veins are characterized by typical expansive filling veins,which suggested that tectonic stress field is nearly E-W oriented extension.The ore-controlling faults in different directions in the area are multi-directional conjugate fault systems formed under the near S-N direction compression,and the secondary faults derived from them.The assembly patterns of the compound conjugate fault system control the spatial distribution and pattern of ore bodies in the Dongcaogou Au-Ag deposit.

Key words: ore-controlling fault, tectonic stress filed, ore-control regularity, tectonic evolution, Dongcaogou Au-Ag deposit, Xiong’ershan ore concentration area

中图分类号: 

  • P618.5

图1

熊耳山地区大地构造位置(a)、区域地质图(b)和东草沟金银矿地质图(c)"

图2

东草沟金矿床控矿断裂及含矿破碎带"

图3

矿区5期控矿构造活动与古应力场分析"

图4

东草沟金矿床843中段C9矿脉素描图(a)及构造应力场(b)注:早期小断层F被含矿破碎带所切,充填少量石英脉,早期擦痕①侧伏35°∠40°,左行"

图5

第二期构造素描图(a)及构造应力场(b)"

图6

第三期构造与第四期构造擦痕(a)及构造应力场(b)"

图7

东草沟金矿床800中段76号矿体素描图(a)及构造应力场(b、c)"

图8

多期断层及(含矿)脉切割关系"

图9

控矿破碎带发育S面理和同弯曲含矿脉(a)及S-C面理反演的构造应力场(b)"

图10

控矿断裂组合(a)和形成机制(b)注:S1、S1'、S1″表示复共轭剪裂面中一组共轭剪裂面的3个亚组,S2、S2'、S2″表示复共轭剪裂面中另一组共轭剪裂面的3个亚组"

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