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黄金科学技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 532-539.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.04.126

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    

中国滇黔桂及周邻区卡林型金矿构造蚀变体判别指标及其意义

刘建中1,2,3(),王泽鹏2,4,杨成富2,4,李俊海2,4,郑禄林3,陈发恩4,谭亲平5,谢卓君5,宋威方6,3,徐良易4,李松涛2,4,王大福4,覃永军1,2,杨毓红2,7,汪小勇4   

  1. 1.贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局,贵州 贵阳 550004
    2.自然资源部基岩区矿产资源勘查工程技术创新中心,贵州 贵阳 550081
    3.贵州大学,贵州 贵阳 550025
    4.贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一O五地质队,贵州 贵阳 550018
    5.中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵州 贵阳 550081
    6.湖北省地质局第六地质大队,湖北 孝感 432000
    7.贵州省土地矿产资源储备局,贵州 贵阳 550004
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-06 修回日期:2022-09-15 出版日期:2022-08-31 发布日期:2022-10-31
  • 作者简介:刘建中(1966-),男,贵州务川人,研究员,博士生导师,从事金矿和磷矿成矿与找矿研究工作。2585364825@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“我国西南(贵州)喀斯特地区特色矿产成矿理论及综合利用”(U1812402);国家重点研发计划“深地资源勘查开采”重点专项“深部矿产资源三维找矿预测评价示范”(2017YFC0601500);贵州省科技厅项目“贵州省卡林型金矿成矿与找矿科技创新人才团队建设”(编号:黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2021]007)和贵州省地勘基金“黔西南金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统研究与找矿预测”(520000214TLCOG7DGTNRG)

Discriminant Index and Significance of Structural Body Alteration of Carlin-type Gold Deposits in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi and Its Surrounding Areas,China

Jianzhong LIU1,2,3(),Zepeng WANG2,4,Chengfu YANG2,4,Junhai LI2,4,Lulin ZHENG3,Fa’en Chen4,Qinping TAN5,Zhuojun XIE5,Weifang SONG6,3,Liangyi XU4,Songtao LI2,4,Dafu WANG4,Yongjun QIN1,2,Yuhong YANG2,7,Xiaoyong WANG4   

  1. 1.Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China
    2.Technology Innovation Center of Mineral Resources Explorations in Bedrock Zones,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China
    3.Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China
    4.Guizhou Geology and Mineral Bureau 105 Geological Team,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China
    5.Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China
    6.Six Geological Team of Hubei Geological Burea,Xiaogan 432000,Hubei,China
    7.Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Land and Mineral Resources Reserves,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China
  • Received:2020-12-06 Revised:2022-09-15 Online:2022-08-31 Published:2022-10-31

摘要:

滇黔桂及周邻区为卡林型金矿集中产出区,是我国最重要的金矿资源产地之一。基于贵州西南部地区金矿研究和找矿实践,拓展了构造蚀变体(SBT)的内涵,建立了其判别指标,并简述了区域成矿与找矿空间之间的关系。研究表明,构造蚀变体是成矿作用的产物,产出于岩石能干性差异大的地层不整合面和岩性层界面之间。基于区域多层次产出的构造蚀变体,构建了滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统,为系统研究区域卡林型金矿成矿奠定了基础;建立构造蚀变体判别指标并准确识别,对开展滇黔桂及周邻区卡林型金矿成矿预测,指导找矿勘查具有重要意义。

关键词: 构造蚀变体(SBT), 卡林型金矿, 成矿系统, 判别指标, 滇黔桂地区

Abstract:

The Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area and its surrounding area in China are the carlin-type gold deposit producing areas,which is one of the most important gold resources producing areas in China.Based on the study and prospecting practice of gold deposits in southwest Guizhou,the structural body alteration (SBT) is expanded,its discriminant index was established,and the relationship between regional mineralization and prospecting space was briefly described.The results show that structural body alteration is the product of mineralization and occurs between the unconformity surface and lithologic layer interface where the rock capacity varies greatly.Based on the structural body alteration of regional multi-level output,the multi-level structural detachment metallogenic system of carlin-type gold deposits in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area is constructed,which lays the foundation for the systematic study of regional carlin-type gold deposits.It is of great significance to establish the discriminant index and identify the structural body alteration accurately for the metallogenic prediction and prospecting of carlin-type gold deposits in Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi and its surrounding areas.

Key words: structural body alteration(SBT), carlin-type gold deposit, metallogenic system, discriminant index, Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi area

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

中国滇黔桂及周邻区卡林型金矿大地构造图(刘增铁等,2015)1.断层;2.国界;3.蛇绿岩;4.火山岩;5.缝合带;6.推测八布缝合带"

图2

黔西南三叠系台地相区域构造蚀变体(SBT)示意图(刘建中等,2017a)"

图3

滇黔桂及周邻区卡林型金矿多层次构造滑脱成矿系统示意图(据刘建中等,2017b,2020,2021,,修编)1.花岗岩体;2.断裂;3.构造蚀变体;4.金矿体;5.大气降水;6.地层水;7.变质水;8.岩浆水"

表1

滇黔桂及周邻区卡林型金矿构造蚀变体(SBT)判别指标"

判别指标主要特征典型矿床
产出背景南盘江—右江成矿区
产出形态层状,与地层产状一致
构造部位背斜水银洞、泥堡、卡务、大麦地、架底、紫木凼、老寨湾、隆或
穹窿戈塘、高龙、板其、马雄、那郎
构造面不整合面(角度不整合面、平行不整合面)革档、马雄、巴平、老寨湾、隆或、水银洞、紫木凼、戈塘、泥堡、架底、大麦地、堂上、板其、大观、高龙
能干性差异较大的岩性层面卡务、风堡、浪全、平桥
构造特征滑脱构造
变形特征角砾+碎裂+滑动+揉皱+褶皱
岩石特征角砾岩+碎裂岩
蚀变特征硅化+黄铁矿化+毒砂化+萤石化+雄(雌)黄化+辉锑矿化
元素组合Au-As-Sb-Hg-Tl
层序组合泥质钙质碎屑岩系(上)+碳酸盐岩(下)水银洞、板其、卡务、大观
峨眉山玄武岩(上)+碳酸盐岩(下)架底、大麦地、堂上
界线交代作用形成的蚀变显然是由强到弱直至趋于正常,其界线为元素增减而体现,故界线起伏,难以宏观直接圈定,图面采用虚线表示
层次区域上岩石能干性差异大的D/??、D/O、C/D、T2/P1+3、P3/P2不整合面和岩石能干性差异大的P1ly/CP1n、P2-3lh/P1-2s、T2/T1岩层面形成多层次构造蚀变体(SBT),区域上多层次的构造蚀变体不等于在矿区尺度上形成多层构造蚀变体,往往一个矿区仅形成一层构造蚀变体D/??角度不整合面(革档、马雄、巴平),D1/O1角度不整合面(老寨湾),C/D平行不整合面(隆或),P3/P2平行不整合面(水银洞、紫木凼、戈塘、泥堡、架底、大麦地、、堂上),T2/P1+3平行不整合面(板其、大观、高龙、那郎),T2/T1能干性差异较大的岩性层面(风堡、浪全),P2-3lh/P1-2s(卡务),P1ly/CP1n能干性差异较大的岩性层面(平桥)
控制因素构造蚀变体的产出,不受时代和地层制约,而主要受控于岩石能干性的差异,厚度大于100 m的厚层灰岩或白云岩或礁灰岩(下)与厚度大于50 m的泥质钙质碎屑岩系或峨眉山玄武岩(凝灰岩)(上)之间往往是构造蚀变体产出的最佳部位。薄层碎屑岩与灰岩组合的沉积系统(如二叠系合山组,三叠系罗楼组),内部或与其上覆或下伏地层之间往往难以形成构造蚀变体
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