应力—渗流耦合作用下损伤岩石渗流特性

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.03.204

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地下矿产资源开采过程中，频繁的应力扰动会对深部硬岩造成一定的损伤。硬岩内部孔隙和裂隙在高地应力和高渗透压的状态下迅速扩展贯通，严重威胁岩体工程的安全和稳定性。针对损伤花岗岩开展了一系列应力—渗流耦合试验，结合CT扫描，考虑渗透压、围压和损伤程度等因素的影响，综合分析了损伤岩石在应力—渗流耦合作用下的力学和渗流特性。试验结果表明：随着损伤程度的增加，岩样孔隙及裂隙体积呈现出从平缓增加、稳步增加到急剧增加的变化趋势；在围压相同的情况下，岩样的峰值强度随着渗透压的增加呈线性减小，渗透压对损伤花岗岩的强度具有明显的弱化效应，且弱化程度与围压无关；损伤程度越大，裂隙发育程度越高，渗透率越大，同时，孔隙及裂隙的发育程度可用于表征渗透率的大小。

关键词: 岩石力学, 损伤花岗岩, 应力—渗流耦合, 渗透率, CT扫描, 损伤程度

Abstract:

During the mining of underground mineral resources，the deep hard rock will be damaged by the frequent stress disturbances.Its internal pores and fissures will rapidly expand and penetrate under the state of high ground stress and high osmotic pressure，which seriously threatens the safety and stability of rock mass engineering.The damage degree D is defined by the ratio of axial stress σ to compressive strength σ_c.Pre-damaged rock samples with different damage degrees （0%，25%，40%，50%，65%，75%，100%） were prepared by uniaxial compression test.A series of stress-seepage coupling tests were carried out for 75% damaged granite.Combined with CT scanning，considering the influence of seepage pressure，confining pressure and damage degree，the mechanical and seepage characteristics of damaged rock under stress-seepage coupling was comprehensive analyzed.The research results show that with the increase of damage degree，the number and size of pore and fracture of rock sample increase significantly，and changes of the volume of pore and fracture of rock sample shows a trend of increase gently and increase steadily to increase sharply.Under the same confining pressure，the peak strength of the rock sample shows a linear decrease with the increase of osmotic pressure，the osmotic pressure has a significant weakening effect on the strength of damaged granite，and the degree of weakening is independent of the confining pressure.The permeability of pre-damaged rock samples is closely related to the volume of pores and fractures.The variation trend of permeability with damage percentage confirms the evolution law of pores in different development stages.The greater the degree of damage，the higher the degree of fracture development and the greater the permeability.At the same time，the permeability can be characterized by the degree of development of pores and fractures.With the same degree of fracture development，the greater the confining pressure，the smaller the permeability.

Key words: rock mechanics, damage granite, stress-seepage coupling, permeability, CT scan, damage degree

中图分类号:

TU45

胡建华,董喆喆,马少维,秦亚光,徐晓,代转. 应力—渗流耦合作用下损伤岩石渗流特性[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021, 29(3): 355-363.

Jianhua HU,Zhezhe DONG,Shaowei MA,Yaguang QIN,Xiao XU,Zhuan Dai. Seepage Characteristics of Damaged Rock Under Stress-Seepage Coupling[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(3): 355-363.

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参数	数值	参数	数值
密度/（g·cm^-3）	2.55	黏聚力/MPa	27.6
孔隙率/%	0.823	泊松比	0.25
抗压强度/MPa	180	弹性模量/GPa	52.87

岩样编号	渗透压ΔP/MPa	围压σ₃/MPa
A₁₁，A₁₂，A₁₃	0	15
A₂₁，A₂₂，A₂₃	0	25
B₁₁，B₁₂，B₁₃	4	15
B₂₁，B₂₂，B₂₃	4	25
C₁₁，C₁₂，C₁₃	8	15
C₂₁，C₂₂，C₂₃	8	25
D₁₁，D₁₂，D₁₃	12	15
D₂₁，D₂₂，D₂₃	12	25

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