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黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 433-439.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.03.154

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    

基于未确知测度理论的石英脉型钨矿山采空区稳定性评价

叶光祥1(),黄智群2,王晓军3,张树标1,苑栋1   

  1. 1.赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司,江西 赣州 341000
    2.江西漂塘钨业有限公司,江西 大余 341500
    3.江西理工大学,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-31 修回日期:2021-03-18 出版日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2021-07-14
  • 作者简介:叶光祥(1989-),男,江西赣州人,工程师,从事矿床开采与地压控制方面的研究工作。ygx912441832@163.com

Evaluation of Goaf Stability in Vein Quartz Tungsten Mines Based on Unascertained Measure Theory

Guangxiang YE1(),Zhiqun HUANG2,Xiaojun WANG3,Shubiao ZHANG1,Dong YUAN1   

  1. 1.Ganzhou Research Institute of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Co. ,Ltd. ,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
    2.Jiangxi Piaotang Tungsten Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Dayu 341500,Jiangxi,China
    3.Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2020-08-31 Revised:2021-03-18 Online:2021-06-30 Published:2021-07-14

摘要:

采空区是地下矿山重大安全隐患源,其稳定性是行业科技工作者关注的焦点。以石英脉型钨矿山采空区稳定性评价作为研究对象,基于未确知测度计算理论,构建了适用于脉型矿床的采空区危险性评价体系及分级标准,并应用于矿山评价实践。结果表明:浅孔留矿法单脉开采空区稳定性普遍优于阶段矿房法脉带开采空区,矿柱的回收极大地加速了空区的失稳破坏;评价结果与矿区实际情况吻合度高,可为矿区采空区处理与残矿回收提供指导意见。基于未确知测度理论的空区稳定性评价为石英脉型钨矿山采空区稳定性评价提供了一种新的途径。

关键词: 未确知测度理论, 分级标准, 评价体系, 钨矿山, 脉型矿床, 采空区, 稳定性评价

Abstract:

Goaf is a major potential safety hazard of underground mines,and its stability has always been the focus attention of the majority of practitioners.Aiming at the difficulty in analysis and evaluation of the stability of quartz vein type wolframite ore veins and surrounding rocks,and there is no suitable method for analysis and evaluation of the stability of the goaf,the unascertained measurement theory was proposed.Firstly,11 factors affecting the stability of the goaf were selected,which including the mining width and the exposed area of roof,and the impact evaluates was conducted according to the stability classification of the goaf,thus, a single index measure function was constructed for the stability evaluation of quartz vein goaf.Then,the evaluation vector of multiple indexes comprehensive measurement was formed by determining the influence factor weight of each goaf.Finally,the stability evaluation level of each goaf is obtained based on the confidence recognition criterion.The results show that 55 are stable(Ⅰ) among the 191 goaf areas surveyed,82 are generally stable (Ⅱ),25 are less stable (Ⅲ),and 29 are unstable(Ⅳ).The stability of the single-vein mining goaf of shallow hole retention method is generally better than that of the phase mining goaf,the less stable or unstable goaf is mainly vein zone.The recovery of the pillars greatly accelerates the instability of the goaf.The analysis also shows the mining width and the exposed area are the main factors controlling the stability of the goaf,and for this mining area,the stability limit of the mining width and the exposed area is 16 m and 800 m2 respectively.Based on the highly consistent of the evaluation results with the actual situation of the stability of the goaf,it is considered that the evaluation of the stability of the goaf based on the unascertained measurement theory provides a new way for the stability evaluation of the goaf of the quartz vein type tungsten mine.The two quantitative grading standards of mining width and roof exposed area proposed in this paper can be promoted and used in the analysis and evaluation of the stability of the goaf of the same type of mine.

Key words: unascertained measure theory, classification criterion, evaluation system, tungsten mines, vein type deposit, goaf, stability evaluation

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

表1

定量指标分级标准"

影响程度等级采幅/m顶板暴露面积/m2
Ⅰ级(C1<3<200
Ⅱ级(C23~8200~800
Ⅲ级(C38~20800~1 200
Ⅳ级(C4>20>1 200

图1

采空区定性指标单指标未确知测度函数"

图2

采空区采幅单指标未确知测度函数"

图3

采空区顶板暴露面积单指标未确知测度函数"

表2

采空区稳定性评价指标取值"

中段矿带号空区编号S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10S11
388Ⅲ124Ⅱ12123321.39431.440
Ⅲ8104323444271 00040.740
Ⅲ683333331732440.793
Ⅲ46333433329030.900
Ⅲ13W12221211684041.656
Ⅲ102N43234431968540.740
Ⅲ022222121312030.870
Ⅲ014323433331 36540.857
S2146N43344421450440.900
SⅢ1264334242321041.556

表3

采空区稳定性评价结果"

中段矿带号空区编号C1C2C3C4评价等级实际破坏情况
388Ⅲ124Ⅱ0.32420.29530.38050.0000未破坏
Ⅲ8100.00000.00000.40050.5995顶板回收,间柱破坏
Ⅲ680.11010.02720.86270.0000未破坏
Ⅲ460.16780.00000.83220.0000未破坏
Ⅲ13W0.32200.65180.02100.0051顶、底柱回收,间柱破坏
Ⅲ102N0.00000.03710.32480.6381顶柱回收,间柱破坏
Ⅲ020.50000.50000.00000.0000未破坏
Ⅲ010.00000.00000.40050.5995顶柱自然崩落
S2146N0.00000.03610.23450.7294顶柱、间柱破坏
SⅢ1260.17170.23900.04060.5487顶、底柱破坏

图4

采空区稳定性评价结果分布情况"

图5

已破坏采空区稳定性评价结果分布情况"

图6

较不稳定与不稳定采空区矿脉分布情况"

图7

采空区稳定性影响因子分析"

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