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黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 218-225.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.02.119

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    

充填体室内单轴压缩试验声发射指标特性分析

卢蓉1,2,3(),马凤山1,2(),赵杰3,郭捷1,2,顾金钟4,黄业强4   

  1. 1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室，北京 100029
    2.中国科学院地球科学研究院，北京 100029
    3.山东黄金集团有限公司深井开采实验室，山东 莱州 261400
    4.金川集团有限公司，甘肃 金昌 737100
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-06 修回日期:2020-11-18 出版日期:2021-04-30 发布日期:2021-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 马凤山 E-mail:lurongwowo@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:卢蓉（1988-），女，甘肃金昌人，博士后，从事工程地质与岩土工程研究工作。lurongwowo@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“深部矿山胶结充填体与围岩接触带力学行为及变形机理研究”(42072305);国家自然科学基金重点项目“海底采矿对地质环境的胁迫影响与致灾机理”(41831293);国家自然科学基金面上项目“金属矿山地下采动引起的竖井变形破坏机理研究”(41772341)

Analysis of Acoustic Emission Index Characteristics for Indoor Uniaxial Com-pression Test of Backfill

Rong LU1,2,3(),Fengshan MA1,2(),Jie ZHAO3,Jie GUO1,2,Jinzhong GU4,Yeqiang HUANG4   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering，Institute of Geology and Geophysics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China
    2.Innovation Academy for Earth Science，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China
    3.Deep Mining Laboratory of Shandong Gold Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Laizhou 261400，Shandong，China
    4.Jinchuan Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Jinchang 737100，Gansu，China
  • Received:2020-07-06 Revised:2020-11-18 Online:2021-04-30 Published:2021-05-28
  • Contact: Fengshan MA E-mail:lurongwowo@163.com;fsma@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

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摘要：

随着浅部矿产资源开采殆尽，采矿活动逐渐转向深部。充填法开采作为现阶段维持矿山稳定的最有效方法，在国内外各大矿山得到了广泛应用。随着充填法的不断完善，充填体的力学行为特点引起了广泛关注。以充填体力学行为为研究对象，通过室内岩石力学试验并结合声发射监测手段，对不同倾角的预制裂隙影响下，强度在35 MPa以内的充填体试块变形破坏行为进行分析。本次共开展了5组单裂隙压缩试验，裂隙倾角分别为0°、30°、45°、60°和90°。试验结果表明：90°竖直裂隙的充填体试块脆性特点明显，而塑性程度较其他裂隙试块低；裂隙倾角对充填体变形影响很大，预制裂隙倾角较小的充填体试块整体发生拉张型破坏，而预制裂隙倾角较大的充填体试块整体呈拉剪型破坏。

关键词: 充填体, 单轴压缩, 声发射, 信号拾取, 拉张型破坏, 拉剪型破坏

Abstract:

As the shallow mineral resources exhausted，deep mining is the general trend for global mining engineering. Backfill method is widely used in metal mining engineering which control the mine stability. With the improvement of the method，the mechanical behavior of backfill is attracted extensive attention. This article analyzed backfill mechanical behavior based on the experimental test.Combined uniaxial compression tests with acoustic emission monitoring，backfill samples with pre-existing crack were tested.Five groups backfill samples were tested and all samples with strength within 35 MPa. Five groups sample with dips of 0°，30°，45°，60°，and 90°，represented five fractures distribution.The results show that backfill sample with 90°-dip fracture demonstrated more obvious brittleness and less plasticity than other samples.Acoustic emission signals could represent fractures initiation and development of backfill samples.Acoustic emission locations have their characteristics in five groups backfill samples. Initially，acoustic emission of backfill sample with 0°-dip fracture located near the pre-existing fracture，and then develop to the other parts of sample.While for backfill samples with other four dips fractures，acoustic emission mainly concentrated near the pre-existing fractures from initial stage to failure.For acoustic emission monitoring，some parameters could demonstrate the me-chanism of fractures propagation.In this article，three parameters were analyzed，they are AF，RA，and lg（AF/RA），respectively. AF represented the tensile fracture propagation，RA represented the shear fracture propagation，and lg（AF/RA） could reveal the overall fracture development.The process of backfill compression is divided into eight stages，namely crack closure，line elastic deformation，micro-crack initiation，stable micro-crack growth，micro-crack coalescence，unstable micro-crack growth，macro-crack coalescence，and failure. Finally，the results show that the dip of pre-existing crack has large influence to backfill deformation and failure according to these three parameter analysis. AE value of the backfill sample with 0°-dip fracture is high in whole deformation process，and RA value remains low and waves in small range. The change of AE and RA value showes shear and rupture in particles is not obvious，and initialed and developed fractures are major tensile.Based on this parameters changed，other four samples parameters values were analyzed，and backfill samples with 30°-dip and 45°-dip fracture are similar to backfill sample with 0°-dip fracture，and backfill samples with 60°-dip and 90°-dip fracture are different.Finally the research come to a conclusion that samples with small dips of pre-existing crack failed by tensile cracks，and samples with large dips of pre-existing crack failed by tensile-shear cracks.

Key words: backfill, uniaxial compression, acoustic emission, signal pick-up, tensile crack, tensile-shear crack

中图分类号: 

  • TD853

图1

充填体破坏现象"

图2

不同预制裂隙倾角下充填体试块破坏情况"

图3

充填体试样应力—应变曲线"

图4

含不同预制裂隙倾角的充填体变形过程中声发射监测初始定位图"

图5

含不同预制裂隙倾角的充填体变形过程中声发射监测破坏时定位图"

图6

含不同预制裂隙倾角的充填体变形过程中声发射监测AF、RA和lg（AF/RA）参数变化"

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