露天矿电铲铲装移动轨迹规划研究

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.01.165

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自主铲装技术是未来露天矿智能开采的核心环节之一。为提高电铲在自主铲装过程中的工作效率，提出了一种电铲铲装移动路线的优化方法。在已知电铲工作区域的基础上，基于贪婪算法规划出电铲移动次数最少的作业位置集；在给定起始挖掘点的基础上，使用遗传算法生成电铲铲装移动最短路径，并规划每个位置对应的挖掘区域；最后结合电铲作业的相关几何约束，进一步优化电铲移动路径并调整相应挖掘区域规划，形成最终的电铲作业最优轨迹。试验结果表明，生成的电铲移动路径总距离短，挖掘区域规划符合实际生产要求，该研究结果可为自主铲装电铲的移动轨迹规划提供指导。

关键词: 露天矿, 电铲, 铲装作业, 轨迹规划, 贪婪算法, 遗传算法

Abstract:

Intelligent mining is the mainstream direction of the future development of open-pit mines.Eelectric shovel is the main production equipment of open-pit mines，so the study of electric shovel autonomous shoveling technology is one of the core steps to realize the intelligent mining of open-pit mines in the future.During the autonomous shoveling process，the electric shovel uses its excavation mechanism，shovels the ore out of the mine and dumps the ore into a transport truck that the ore has been parked at the dump position.When the shovel has finished loading the ore shovel in the corresponding mining area of the current working position，it will slowly move through its moving mechanism to the next position point and continue to shovel the ore pile in the target area.Because of the huge volume of the electric shovel itself，the continuous work of the excavation mechanism and the moving mechanism consume a lot of electric energy. In order to improve the efficiency of the electric shovel in the process of autonomous shoveling，reduce the energy consumption of the electric shovel work，this paper proposed a method of optimizing the moving route of the shovel，by planning the electric shovel moving route and digging area，shortening the length of the electric shovel moving route.A method for optimizing the mobile route of electric shoveling was proposed.On the basis of the known electric shovel working area，in order to excavate all the ore piles in the working area and the electric shovel moves the least number of times，greedy algorithm was used to plan the set of job locations where the shovel moves the least number of times.By increasing the transition point and other ways to further optimize the electric shovel movement path and adjust the corresponding mining area planning，to form the optimal trajectory of the final electric shovel operation.Selecting the ore pile after blasting in an area in a mine aerial map as an electric shovel to be shoveled，based on the above method， the mobile route of electric shovel loading was optimized.The results show that the total distance of the generated electric shovel moving path is short，and the planned excavation area meets the actual production requirements，which proves that the method can provide guidance for the movement trajectory planning of the autonomous shovel.

Key words: open-pit mine, electric shovel, shoveling operation, trajectory planning, greedy algorithm, genetic algorithm

中图分类号:

TD422

公凡波,毕林. 露天矿电铲铲装移动轨迹规划研究[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2021, 29(1): 43-52.

Fanbo GONG,Lin BI. Research on Trajectory Planning of Electric Shovel in Open-pit Mine[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(1): 43-52.

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