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黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 64-73.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.01.074

• 矿产勘查与资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

太行山北段梨园金矿构造地球化学特征

鞠培姣1,2()   

  1. 1.东华理工大学地球科学学院,江西 南昌 330013
    2.中南大学有色金属成矿预测与地质环境监测教育部重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-13 修回日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-03-22
  • 作者简介:鞠培姣(1988-),女,山东临沂人,博士,讲师,从事矿产地质、岩石学和流体包裹体研究工作。857897266@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    有色金属成矿预测与地质环境监测教育部重点实验室(中南大学)开放基金项目“湖南包金山金矿多因复成成矿机制研究”(2017YSJS01)

Tectono-Geochemical Characteristics of Liyuan Gold Mine in the North Section of Taihang Mountain

Peijiao JU1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Earth Sciences,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring,Mini-stry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
  • Received:2020-04-13 Revised:2020-06-17 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2021-03-22

摘要:

梨园金矿隶属太行山北段多金属成矿带,是山西省灵丘地区发现的一处中型金矿床,矿区内已发现的金矿体均赋存于NNE向断裂带中。本研究共采集677件岩石样品进行微量元素分析测试,利用迭代法计算各元素异常下限。通过相关性分析、R型聚类分析和斜交因子分析,研究各元素之间的相关关系,分析矿床成矿地质地球化学环境,厘定矿床成矿元素为Au,成矿直接指示元素组合为Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag,间接指示元素组合为As-Sb-Hg。Au元素异常主要分布在发育强烈褐铁矿化的花岗岩体、岩脉和地层中,展布方向为NE-SW向,与区域构造线方向相吻合,矿化受岩体及破碎带控制明显;指示元素异常组合分布范围与成矿元素叠合程度高,对金成矿指示作用明显。综上得到梨园金矿的构造地球化学特征,以用于本区的成矿预测,对于丰富和完善该区金矿地球化学模型有一定的指示意义。

关键词: 多元统计分析, 元素异常组合, 异常结构, 构造地球化学, 梨园金矿, 太行山

Abstract:

Liyuan gold deposit,a medium-sized gold deposit discovered in Lingqiu district,Shanxi Province,is located at the polymetallic metallogenic belt in the northern section of Taihang Mountain.The outcrop strata in the mining area is the Neo-Archean Fuping Group,which mainly consists of migmatite,gneiss and amphibolites.Faults are well developed and can be divided into four groups of NNE,NE,NW and near EW-trending among which the NNE-trending fault is the main ore-controlling structure.The orebodies mainly occur in the NNE-trending fault zone.In this study,a total of 677 tectonic geochemical samples were collected,and the contents of thirteen trace elements (Cu,Pb,Ni,Mn,Ag,Zn,Co,B,As,Sb,Bi,Hg,Au) were analyzed.The lower limit of each element anomaly is calculated by iterative method.Through correlation analysis,R cluster analysis and oblique factor analysis,the correlation of each element was studied,and the geological and geochemical environment of the Liyuan gold deposit was analyzed.The research result shows that the metallogenic element Au has a good correlation with Bi element,and bismuth minerals play an indicative role in mineralization.However,the correlation between Au and other elements is weak,shows the relative independence of gold during mineralization.Based on the above analysis,abnormal combinations of multiple geochemical elements are complete in the deposit,and can be classified as follows:Metallogenic element is Au,direct indicator elements are Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag,and indirect indicator elements are As-Sb-Hg.The denudation degree of the deposit is low.Spatial distribution of abnormal combinations shows that ore-forming element (Au) anomalies are mainly distributed in granite,diabase dike and strata with intense limonization.The distribution direction is NE-SW-trending,consistent with the regional tectonic line,and the gold mineralization is obviously controlled by the rock mass and the broken zone.The distribution range of abnormal assemblage of direct indicating elements overlap with that of metallogenic element,Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn are the near-ore hole association,whose strong anomaly plays an important role in indicating gold mineralization.Also,this combination has great significance for concealed orebody.Indirect indicator element combination anomaly is mainly located in the distribution area of granite and diabase vein,indicating that the metallogenic rock body and the ore-forming process are rich of Cu elements.The strong anomaly of As,Sb and Hg indicates the upper and the leading edge of the ore body,which is closely related to gold mineralization.Therefore,the tectono-geochemical characteristic of Liyuan gold deposit was analyzed,which has certain instruction significance in metallogenic prediction and enriching the geochemical model of gold deposit in the study area.

Key words: multivariate statistical analysis, element anomaly combination, anomalous structure, tectono-geochemistry, Liyuan gold deposit, Taihang Mountain

中图分类号: 

  • P618.51

图1

太行山中部金矿分布图(据Sun et al.,2014;Fan et al.,2016;Liu et al.,2017修编)1.太古代恒山群杂岩体;2.太古代五台群杂岩体;3.太古代阜平群杂岩体;4.新生代地层;5.新生代花岗岩;6.金矿床;7.银(铅锌)矿床;8.断裂"

图2

梨园金矿地质简图(a)和A-A′矿体剖面图(b)(据王斌峰等,2015修编)1.第四系冲积物、洪积物;2.阜平群混合岩化条带状片麻岩夹斜长角闪岩;3.钾长花岗岩;4.辉绿岩脉;5.石英斑岩;6.矿体;7.断层;8.背斜轴;9.剖面位置"

图3

梨园金矿十三中段地质简图(a)和22勘探线剖面示意图(b)1.阜平群混合岩化条带状片麻岩夹斜长角闪岩;2.粗粒钾长文象花岗岩;3.辉绿岩;4.断层及编号;5.矿体(推测)边界及编号;6.巷道/中段;7.盲井"

表1

梨园矿区各元素特征值计算结果"

元素最大值最小值样品数离差倍数均值标准离差计算异常下限实际异常下限实际样品数
Cu632.303.70677211.105.9927.1727574
Pb1853.55.10677226.847.3841.4641665
Ni204.102.8067726.533.1012.7013507
Mn3417206772156.18122.82344.10344552
Ag200.0267720.070.020.110.1603
Zn652.36.2677236.6123.0084.0284627
Co54.21.767724.172.0512.4412502
B95.42.367725.322.179.469.5576
As22.590.3167720.810.221.181.2624
Sb130.40.1167720.330.080.460.5639
Bi0.790.0467720.040.010.050.05504
Hg0.70.0167720.010.010.020.02579
Au21.660.0967720.630.341.101.1657

表2

地球化学元素相关关系矩阵"

相关系数CuPbNiMnAgZnCoBAsSbBiHgAu
Cu1------------
Pb0.7051-----------
Ni0.307-0.0591----------
Mn0.4250.1790.5891---------
Ag0.7430.9810.0010.2361--------
Zn0.5750.3340.4700.7700.3881-------
Co0.3590.0040.7670.8350.0640.6661------
B0.034-0.0030.1870.1540.0450.1490.1651-----
As0.4390.486-0.0220.1630.5270.2900.0470.0351----
Sb0.6940.989-0.0130.2270.9750.3720.0550.0210.4661---
Bi0.233-0.0100.3110.270.0510.2950.2800.1280.160-0.0101--
Hg0.1610.2220.0340.1370.2210.1630.1020.0780.1170.2270.0021-
Au0.2270.0020.1370.2060.0530.4020.069-0.0060.2180.0070.4010.0121

图4

R型聚类分析谱系图"

表3

梨园金矿地球化学元素Pro-max斜旋转因子结构矩阵"

元素F1F2F3F4F5F6F7
Cu0.8280.5320.4510.0070.1050.2570.406
Pb0.9740.1710.203-0.0230.199-0.0400.486
Ni0.0710.8010.1960.199-0.0220.441-0.112
Mn0.3220.9150.4610.1730.1090.1940.147
Ag0.9820.2370.2600.0260.1940.0230.524
Zn0.4910.8320.7030.1700.1330.1820.278
Co0.1510.9350.2610.1800.0650.2880.002
B0.0340.1810.0370.9990.0700.1270.023
As0.5130.1590.3220.0260.1030.1170.994
Sb0.9730.2200.2160.0040.204-0.0430.464
Bi0.0770.3360.4050.131-0.0200.9630.136
Hg0.2270.1310.0850.0770.997-0.0200.119
Au0.0970.2300.9220.004-0.0010.3370.213

图5

梨园金矿区Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn地球化学组合异常分布图1.第四系冲积物、洪积物;2.阜平群混合岩化条带状片麻岩夹斜长角闪岩;3.石英斑岩;4.花岗细晶岩;5.辉绿岩;6.粗粒钾长文象花岗岩;7.断层;8.地质界线;9.Au元素异常,下限为1.1×10-9;10.Ag元素异常,下限为0.1×10-6;11.Cu元素异常,下限为27×10-6;12.Pb元素异常,下限为41×10-6;13.Zn元素异常,下限为84×10-6"

图6

梨园金矿区Au-Sb-Hg-As地球化学组合异常分布图1.第四系冲积物、洪积物;2.阜平群混合岩化条带状片麻岩夹斜长角闪岩;3.石英斑岩;4.花岗细晶岩;5.辉绿岩;6.粗粒钾长文象花岗岩;7.断层;8.地质界线;9.Au元素异常,下限为1.1×10-9;10.Sb元素异常,下限为0.5×10-6;11.Hg元素异常,下限为0.02×10-6;12.As元素异常,下限为1.2×10-6"

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