静态—准静态加载下含裂隙类岩材料破断试验及声发射特性分析

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.06.096

黄金科学技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 877-884.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2020.06.096

静态—准静态加载下含裂隙类岩材料破断试验及声发射特性分析

郭婧宇(),蒲成志(),贺桂成,李益龙,杨少峰,曾佳君

南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2020-06-01 修回日期:2020-07-23 出版日期:2020-12-31 发布日期:2021-01-29
通讯作者: 蒲成志 E-mail:1251928967@qq.com;puchengzhi@foxmail.com
作者简介:郭婧宇（1994?），女，山西晋中人，硕士研究生，从事岩石断裂力学方面的研究工作。1251928967@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“水—力耦合作用下卸荷诱导的裂隙体破断实验与灾变机理研究”(51704168);中国博士后科学基金项目“单轴压缩下渗透压动态传递—稳态作用的裂隙体断裂破坏试验与研究”(2016M602417);湖南省自然科学基金项目“渗流场长时稳定作用的裂隙体破断实验与机理研究”(2019JJ50528)

Fracture Test of Rock-like Materials with Cracks and Analysis of Acoustic Emission Characteristics at Static-Quasi-Static Loading Rates

Jingyu GUO(),Chengzhi PU(),Guicheng HE,Yilong LI,Shaofeng YANG,Jiajun ZENG

School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering，University of South China，Hengyang 421001，Hunan，China

Received:2020-06-01 Revised:2020-07-23 Online:2020-12-31 Published:2021-01-29
Contact: Chengzhi PU E-mail:1251928967@qq.com;puchengzhi@foxmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究加载速率和裂隙倾角复合影响的裂隙体类岩石材料破断规律，对含0.1 mm预制裂隙的类岩材料进行静态到准静态的不同加载速率单轴压缩试验，基于声发射测试技术，分析含预置裂隙类岩材料起裂强度规律。结果表明：相同加载速率下，峰值强度随预制裂隙倾角增大呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势，倾角为45°时最小，裂隙倾角相同时，裂隙体峰值强度随加载速率的增大而增大；准静态加载范围内存在一个临界加载速率即2.0×10^-4s^-1，使得加载速率强化效应不再显著；低频信号占比逐渐升高，可作为裂隙体失稳前兆信息；裂隙倾角相同时，裂隙体起裂应力水平随加载速率的增大而增大，相同加载速率下，裂隙体起裂应力水平随倾角的增大而增大。

关键词: 声发射, 加载速率, 预制裂隙, 类岩材料, 裂隙倾角, 频域特征, 起裂应力水平

Abstract:

In subways，tunnels and other projects，the loading rate effect produced by short-time，high-strength excavation is one of the main factors of engineering disasters. With the widening of demand and the deepening of research，it is of great significance for the safety protection and stability evaluation of rock engineering to carry out studies on the mechanical effects of loading rate and the influence of crack dip angle related to time factors. In order to investigate the fracture law of fractured rock-like materials combined with loading rate and fracture dip angle，RMT-150B rock mechanics testing machine was used to perform static to quasi-static 4-level loading rate uniaxial compression of rock-like materials with 0.1 mm prefabricated cracks.Based on acoustic emission testing technology，the initiation strength law of rock-like materials with preset cracks and the dynamic frequency domain change characteristics of rock mass fractures under the combined action of loading rate and crack dip angle was analyzed. The main research results show that：Under the same loading rate，prefabricated cracks with different dip angles have different degrees of damage to the compressive strength of rock-like specimens，and the peak strength shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the increase of the prefabricated crack dip angle，and the minimum angle is 45°. When the fracture inclination angle is the same，the peak strength of the fracture body increases with the increase of the loading rate. There is a critical loading rate in the quasi-static loading range，so that the loading rate strengthening effect is no longer significant，that is，the growth of the fissure body basically stagnate after reaching a certain value.This critical loading rate is around 2.0×10^-4s^-1.Acoustic emission activity begins to be apparently active after the end of the micro-crack closure phase in the specimen.A large number of micro-cracks initiate and penetrate each other to form macro-cracks.The AE energy rate is most active around the peak.Under the same loading rate，the cracking stress level of the fracture body increases with the increase of the inclination angle.When the crack inclination angle is the same，the cracking stress level of the fracture body increases with the increase of the loading rate.Under the condition of static loading，the cracking stress level of the fracture body with an inclination angle of 0° is roughly between 60 and 70 percent，that is，about two-thirds of the peak stress.With the increase of the inclination angle，the cracking stress level is also increase，the cracking stress level of the fractured body with a tilt angle of 90° under quasi-static loading conditions has exceeded 90%，and the cracking stress levels of the complete specimens within the static-quasi-static loading range have all exceeded 90%.

Key words: acoustic emission, loading rate, prefabricated crack, rock-like materials, crack dip, frequency domain characteristics, crack initiation stress level

中图分类号:

TU45

郭婧宇,蒲成志,贺桂成,李益龙,杨少峰,曾佳君. 静态—准静态加载下含裂隙类岩材料破断试验及声发射特性分析[J]. 黄金科学技术, 2020, 28(6): 877-884.

Jingyu GUO,Chengzhi PU,Guicheng HE,Yilong LI,Shaofeng YANG,Jiajun ZENG. Fracture Test of Rock-like Materials with Cracks and Analysis of Acoustic Emission Characteristics at Static-Quasi-Static Loading Rates[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2020, 28(6): 877-884.

图/表 5

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静态—准静态加载下含裂隙类岩材料破断试验及声发射特性分析

Fracture Test of Rock-like Materials with Cracks and Analysis of Acoustic Emission Characteristics at Static-Quasi-Static Loading Rates

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