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黄金科学技术 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 871-878.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.06.871

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于模糊层次分析法的高原矿井人机功效评价

马宁(),胡乃联,李国清(),郭对明,侯杰   

  1. 北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-01 修回日期:2019-09-02 出版日期:2019-12-31 发布日期:2019-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 李国清 E-mail:447326752@qq.com;qqlee@ustb.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马宁(1994-),男,吉林辽源人,硕士研究生,从事矿业系统工程研究工作。447326752@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“地下金属矿规模化无人采矿关键技术研发与示范”(2018YFC0604400);中华人民共和国工业和信息化部2017年智能制造综合标准化项目“面向黄金生产行业的数字化车间通用模型标准与试验验证”(Z135060009002)

Evaluation of Human-Machine Effectiveness of Plateau Mine Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

Ning MA(),Nailian HU,Guoqing LI(),Duiming GUO,Jie HOU   

  1. Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2019-07-01 Revised:2019-09-02 Online:2019-12-31 Published:2019-12-24
  • Contact: Guoqing LI E-mail:447326752@qq.com;qqlee@ustb.edu.cn

摘要:

高原矿井人机功效评价是关系到高原高效采矿的重要问题之一,高原地区施工相比平原地区更加复杂。从人员因素、设备因素和环境因素3个方面出发,确立了17个评价指标,以构建高原矿井人机功效评价指标体系。同时,采用层次分析法计算各项指标的权重,并在此基础上建立多层次模糊综合评价模型。以西藏某铜多金属矿为研究对象,构造判断矩阵,建立权重向量和综合模糊矩阵,得出系统隶属度向量。评价结果表明:该系统的人机功效评价结果为“中等”水平,受环境因素影响严重。该评价模型为制定提高人机功效的合理对策提供了科学依据,具有一定的理论意义与实用价值,也为类似的高原施工问题提供了参考。

关键词: 高原矿井, 人机功效, 环境因素, 指标体系, 层次分析法, 模糊综合评价, 铜多金属矿

Abstract:

The evaluation of human-machine efficiency in plateau mines is one of the important issues related to high-efficiency mining at high-altitude.Compared with the plain area,it is more complex.The mining industry at home and abroad rarely develops the ergonomics of high altitude and cold or special and extremely difficult environments.The high-altitude,low-pressure,low-oxygen,low-temperature environment not only causes a significant reduction in personnel fatigue tolerance,but also negatively affects the ability and efficiency of personnel to operate equipment,and produces correlation feedback with complex production factors such as multiple types of work and continuous labor in mines.It has a superimposed effect on the decline of human-computer efficiency.Taking a copper polymetallic mine in Tibet as the research object,this paper investigated and analyzed the influencing factors of human-machine effectiveness of plateau mines and scores made by experts.From the three aspects of human factors,equipment factors and environmental factors,17 evaluation indicators were established and a comprehensive evaluation index system suitable for high-altitude mines was constructed. The weight of each index was determined by analytic hierarchy process,so as to clarify the weight of each influential factor index in each level and the whole.The multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to construct the judgment matrix.The weight vector and the integrated fuzzy matrix were established to obtain the system membership vector.The evaluation results of the mine indicate that the ergonomic evaluation level of the mine is “medium”.The analysis of the evaluation results shows that the oxygen pressure in the environmental factors is low,which has a great impact on the physical condition of the employees and the operating state of the equipment.To improve the human-machine efficiency of the mine,the working environment at the construction site should be improved.Based on the analysis of human-machine effectiveness and the characteristics of high-altitude mines,this paper establishes an evaluation index system for human-machine effectiveness of plateau mines.The comprehensive scientific nature of evaluation was fully considered when setting indicators.The evaluation index system was weighted and the evaluation model was constructed.In order to reduce the influence of subjectivity on the evaluation results of human-machince effectiveness in AHP method,the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were combined to evaluate the human-machine effectiveness of plateau mine.The method has the characteristics of rationality,objectivity and scientificity to avoid artificial error.This model can provide an effective tool for the evaluation of the plateau mine management,provide support for the optimization of production organization in high-altitude and high-altitude mines,and provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable countermeasures to improve human-effects.It has certain theoretical significance and practical value.It provides a certain reference for similar plateau construction problems.

Key words: plateau mine, human-machine effectiveness, environmental factors, indicator system, analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, copper polymetallic mine

中图分类号: 

  • TP391

表1

高原矿井人机功效影响因素指标体系"

一级指标二级指标三级指标
高原矿井人机功效人员因素员工的身体状况
员工的心理状况
员工的技能素质
员工的文化程度
员工的高效工作意识
员工劳动习服时长
设备因素机械设备的运行状态
机械设备负荷与能耗
机械设备的自动化水平
机械设备老化、磨损率
机械设备的维护
环境因素工作地点的含氧状况
工作地点的大气压
工作地点的温度状况
工作地点的粉尘状况
工作地点的噪音状况
工作地点的照明状况

表2

判断矩阵标度与含义"

标度含义
1a,b相比,同样重要
3a,b相比,a稍微重要
5a,b相比,a明显重要
7a,b相比,a强烈重要
9a,b相比,a极端重要
2,4,6,8介于相邻标度中间数值
倒数a,b相比,uij=1/uji

表3

平均随机一致性指标RI值"

NRINRI
2051.1185
30.514961.2494
40.893171.345

表4

环境因素判断矩阵"

大气压含氧粉尘温度照明噪音
大气压11/23254
含氧量214365
粉尘1/31/411/232
温度1/21/32143
照明1/51/61/41/312
噪音1/41/51/31/21/21

表5

高原矿井人机功效评价体系指标权重"

目标层准则层权重三级指标(指标层)对上一层权重对目标层权重λmaxCR
高原矿井人机功效人员因素0.238员工的身体状况0.4640.1106.1950.0311<0.1
员工的心理状况0.1180.028
员工的技能素质0.0750.017
员工的文化程度0.0470.013
员工的高效工作意识0.0490.011
员工劳动习服时长0.2470.058
设备因素0.137机械设备的运行状态0.3130.0435.0130.0032<0.1
机械设备负荷与能耗0.0980.013
机械设备的自动化水平0.3130.042
机械设备老化、磨损率0.1010.013
机械设备的维护0.1750.024
环境因素0.625工作地点的含氧状况0.3820.2386.1220.0194<0.1
工作地点的大气压0.2520.161
工作地点的温度状况0.1590.099
工作地点的粉尘状况0.1010.062
工作地点的噪音状况0.0640.042
工作地点的照明状况0.0420.026

表6

高原矿井人机功效评定结果"

准则层权重三级指标(指标层)对上一层权重评语等级
较高中等较低
人员因素0.238员工的身体状况0.4640351
员工的心理状况0.1180360
员工的技能素质0.0755400
员工的文化程度0.0470900
员工的高效工作意识0.0492250
员工劳动习服时长0.2473420
设备因素0.137机械设备的运行状态0.3130333
机械设备负荷与能耗0.0980045
机械设备的自动化水平0.3130810
机械设备老化、磨损率0.1010270
机械设备的维护0.1750810
环境因素0.625工作地点的含氧状况0.3820054
工作地点的大气压0.2520063
工作地点的温度状况0.1590450
工作地点的粉尘状况0.1010450
工作地点的噪音状况0.0645220
工作地点的照明状况0.0425220
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