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黄金科学技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 535-542.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.04.535

• • 上一篇    

复杂黄金废水深度净化与脱盐回用技术研究与实践

石绍渊1,3(),王军强2,王永春2,王国栋2,张曼曼3,孙峙1   

  1. 1 北京市过程污染控制工程研究中心,中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京 100190
    2灵宝黄金集团股份有限公司,河南 灵宝 472500
    3郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院,河南 郑州 450000
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-25 修回日期:2018-07-16 出版日期:2018-10-10 发布日期:2018-10-17
  • 作者简介:石绍渊(1971-),男,湖北阳新人,副研究员,博士,从事工业废水处理研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“基于表面复合改性提高阴离子交换膜抗污染性能及机理研究”((编号:51878645));国家重点研发计划“LED照明产品全链条绿色回收与绿色设计技术研究”((编号:2017YFB0403305));河南省科技开放课题“黄金冶炼废水综合治理与回用关键技术研发”((编号:172106000076));“十二五”水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项基金“饮马河流域中游玉米深加工园区水污染全过程控制技术集成与示范”((编号:2014ZX07201-011)联合资助)

Research and Practice of Deep Purification and Desalination Reuse Technology for Complex Gold Wastewater

Shaoyuan SHI1,3(),Junqiang WANG2,Yongchun WANG2,Guodong WANG2,Manman ZHANG3,Zhi SUN1   

  1. 1 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control,Division of Environment Technology and Engi-neering,Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,
    2Lingbao Gold Group Co.,Ltd.,Lingbao 472500,Henan,China
    3Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China
  • Received:2018-04-25 Revised:2018-07-16 Online:2018-10-10 Published:2018-10-17

摘要:

针对黄金湿法冶炼废水存在含盐量高,多种重金属、氨氮、氰化物和COD等超标造成环境污染严重,以及现有废水处理技术无法实现达标排放的问题,研发出一系列适用于黄金湿法冶炼废水深度处理与脱盐回用关键技术,包括污酸除杂及资源化、有价金属回收与重金属深度脱除、疏水膜回收氰、高级氧化去除有机物和电渗析脱盐等,进行多污染物协同控制及资源化的关键技术集成,建立黄金湿法冶炼废水多污染物协同控制及资源化工艺包,形成成套化技术与装备,并通过现场中试验证技术可行性,推动了该技术的产业化应用,可实现黄金湿法冶炼废水深度处理与近零排放。

关键词: 黄金湿法冶炼, 废水深度处理, 污酸资源化, 氰回收, 高级氧化, 电渗析脱盐, 近零排放

Abstract:

The serious environmental pollution is caused by gold hydrometallurgy wastewater due to containing large amount of inorganic salts,various heavy metals,ammonia nitrogen,cyanide and COD,etc.,but the target discharge of wastewater cannot be achieved by the present treatment technologies.A series of key technologies for advanced treatment and desalination reuse of gold hydrometallurgical wastewater have been developed,including waste acid purification and resource,valuable metal recovery and heavy metal removal,cyanide recovery by hydrophobic membrane,organic matter removal by advanced oxidation,electrodialysis desalination,etc.The key technologies were integrated for collaborative control and resource utilization of multiple pollutants,to establish the engineering package of multi pollutant collaborative control and resource for gold hydrometallurgy wastewater and to form a complete technology and equipment.The application feasibility of related technologies was verified by field test.The industrial application of the technology has been promoted for achieving the goal of advanced treatment and near zero discharge of gold hydrometallurgical wastewater.

Key words: gold hydrometallurgy, wastewater advanced treatment, waste acid resource, cyanide recovery, advanced oxidation, electrodialysis desalination, near zero-emissions

中图分类号: 

  • X703

图1

黄金湿法冶炼酸性废水处理的工艺路线"

图2

黄金湿法冶炼含氰废水处理的工艺路线"

图3

黄金湿法冶炼酸性废水(a)和含氰废水(b)旋流电解的阴极照片和产物SEM照片"

图4

用于重金属深度去除的高效吸附剂外观及电镜照片"

表1

含重金属废水采用高效吸附剂处理后的出水指标"

污染物名称 处理后污染物浓度/(μg·L-1 生活饮用水卫生标准值/(mg·L-1
As 1 0.01
Hg 3 0.05
Se 5 0.01
Tl 0.1 0.0001
Cd 4 0.005
Cr(VI) 5 0.05

图5

用于含氰废水处理的疏水膜回收氰工艺流程"

图6

高效催化剂和有机物光—臭氧催化氧化降解途径"

图7

原始膜与表面改性膜的性质表征与抗污染性能比较"

图8

黄金湿法冶炼含氰废水和酸性废水电渗析脱盐中试结果"

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