Yangshan gold belt is a super-scale gold deposit in Gansu Province.It was discovered by Gold Headquarter of CAPF in 1997,and had 340 tons gold resources （332＋333＋334）.Anchanghe-Guangyinba fault controls the magmatic hydro thermal activity and metallogenesis of the gold belt.Mineralization generally exists in the inner and outer contact belt between plagioclase granite porphyry dikes and phyllite or nearby.Orebody of Yangshan gold deposit whose scale is great，tend towards NEE which obliquity is 50 ~70° and subsection enrichment,incline to south, has parallel isometric distributing （parallel distance is 40~120 m），and has middling gold content,continuous mineralization.The genesis of the deposit belongs to shallow epithermal gold deposit.Yangshan gold belt is divided into six ore districts：Nishan,Getiaowan,Anba,Gaoloushan,Yangshan （Guanyinba） and Zhangjiashan.At present,the exploration degree of Anba and Getiaowan are relatively higher than other four ore districts,which had reached survey stage generally and detailed survey stage in local areas.The boundaries along the strike and in the vertical direction of many gold orebodies are not entirely controlled by the exploration engineerings.According to early geological study and exploration,Yangshan gold belt has favorable prospecting potential in deep.Gold prospecting is expected to make new progress through further exploration work.
With the growth of demand for the mineral resources,the development of geosciences and the continuing progress of mineral exploration and the development of science and technology,there are many new technologies for surveying and exploration in recent years.Geo -electrochemical extraction measure method is a new,quick,convenient and effective method to find concealed deposits.This exploration method is more economical and efficient than normal geochemistry exploration methods.Comparative study of actual examples has been made between geo -electrochemical method and other geochemical exploration methods,such as rock geochemistry,soil geochemistry,electric adsorption geochemical and the active state metal ions methods.The results show that geoelectrochemical measure has high-efficiency in finding concealed ore bodies,and it should be widely used.
Luanling gold mine is located in the east of Xiaoqinling metallogenic belt,it belongs to telluride-type gold deposit.The ore mineral composition is simple in this area,metallic minerals are mainly native gold,telluride and sulfide,the native gold form in the early stages of polymetallic sulfide,but the gold telluride form in the late stages of telluride.Telluride minerals are mainly tellurium gold ore,tellurium gold and silver ore,needle tellurium gold and silver ore,tellurium silver ore and so on.There are two types of gold occurrence,which are sub-microscopic gold and visible gold.According to the results of phase analysis,we think gold mineral is mainly gold package,crack gold and intergranular gold are relatively less.By analyzing the process of ore forming of the mine,we draw that the genesis is low temperature telluride hydrothermal gold deposit.
Longmendian silver mine is located in the western part of Xionger mountain ore belt,the tectonic is development in the region,and magmatic activity is strong.Based on the summary of geological characteristics of the mine,we analyze the distribution and mineralization characteristics of K1 orebody in Longmendian silver mine,and suggest that K1 orebody distribute at roughly equidistant in space,the main oreforming element Ag is positively correlate with Au,but it is not obvious correlation with Cu and Pb,this indicates the elements formed indifferent periods.Through carrying out trenching works,more than 20 ore-bearing structural alteration zone were found in the mine,it has a good exploration prospecting,and belongs to the key area for further work.No.Ⅰ alteration zone is one of the main ore-bearing structural alteration zone,in order to find more resources,we should increase exploration efforts in deep in the future.
Qiyugou gold mine is located in the southern margin of the North China,Xionger terrane,it is a typical breccia type gold deposit.Through carrying out geological prospecting work,10 breccia bodies,which have a certain scale,have been found in this area.J7 breccia body is the largest exposed rock in this area,in which 15 gold orebodies are found.The vein mineralization,developed in the bottom and edge of J7 breccia body,is being mined.By summarying the geological characteristics of J7 breccia body,we analyze the relationship between alteration and mineralization,research mineralization regularity,and predict favorable occurrence site of the orebody,indicate the next step prospecting.Meanwhile,based on the analysis of mineralization period,we discuss the formation of the deposit,and conclude the genesis of the deposit is a hidden breccia type.
Through studing the strata,the characteristics of ore and wallrock alteration in Daxintun gold and polymetallic deposit,analyzing the ore-controlling conditions of this area,we think that the strata,structure and igneous rocks are related to gold mineralization.Beikuanhe group provide material sources for mineralization,and promote the occurrence of mineralization.Ore -controlling structure is significantly,the gold,silver and antimony orebody,which have been found in the region,produce in NW trending fracture zones,orebody are mainly distributed in the contact zone of the intrusive rocks.Epithermal vein rock provides sufficient mineral and thermal conditions for the formation of gold and polymetallic deposits.The district delineat 21 orebodies,including 17 gold bodies,3 antimony bodies and one silver body,they are quartz vein type ore.In order to promote in-depth exploration work in the further,we establish prospecting criteria,and point out that we should focus on the inside and outside contact zone of vein rocks,the development sites of carbonate and the richment parts of the geochemical indicator elements（As,Sb）to find quartz vein and altered rock type gold and polymetallic deposits.
Potouqing fault,acting as the principal fault in Linglong gold field,controls the formation and distribution of the main gold ore lode.Studies about the role of Potouqing fault in this area have significant effect in ascertaining gold ore veins,especially in forecasting the accurate location of orebody and their distribution pattern,and will contribute to deep exploration conducted in latter stage of exploitation.Veins types with the horizontal zoning distribution and mineralized zone of orebody with the vertical zoning distribution in Linglong gold field,are both controlled and impacted by the Potouqing fault.Because of the important role of Potouqing faults in goldmineralization and its large scale extension in deep Linglong gold field,we suggest that there are enormous gold mineral resources in deep ore field,which is the secondary enrichment zone of gold orebody.
We describe the geology in the Bieluagaxi gold deposit,through analyzing the formation,structure,characteristics of igneous rocks and the space-time relations of dykes and veins,we discuss the causes of Bieluagaxi gold deposit,and think that it’s belongs to high-temperature multi-source hydrothermal quartz vein and altered rock broken genetic types.Characteristics of inclusions and sulfur isotopes show that Bieluagaxi gold deposit was formed in the late Variscan and closely related to magmatic activities.Metallogenic material mainly come from post-magmatic hydrothermal ore,and sulfur in the ore may be from magmatic-hydrothermal and sedimentary strata.Because of the closely space-time relationship between the veins and diorite,we suggest that the mineralization regularity of Bieluagaxi gold deposits is“construction diorite dyke”,and a large-scale ore body in deep is existent or not still need to be check by the exploration and research in the further.
Laozhaiwan gold deposit is a micro -fine grain gold deposit of the sedimentry with the major gold mineralizated in four altered types which include silicification of the quartz sandstone,silicon arsenopyrite pyrite silicon-quartz sandstone,quartz sandstone and clay weak limonite-arsenopyrite clay diabase.The gold often occurred as independent gold mineral,while a few gold occurred in depersing state.Native gold is the main gold in ores,and natural silver is the the second.Gold minerals occur in the gold arsenopyrite,pyrite,stibnite and organic matter（colloids） and other major gold minerals in form of isomorphic,wrapped gold,gold and intergranular cracks.Gold mineral form are various,with particle size less than 1 μm,belonging to ultra particulate gold.Gold mineral characteristic reflecting the gold deposit forming materialsmainly come from igneous rocks in this area,mineralization and Hualixi-Indo alteration of diabase-related.This consistent with the understanding about the mine formation in the past studies.
Using satellite remote sensing technology as the chief means,we carry out remote sensing geological prospecting work in Xueshuihe area of east Kunlun based on the data of ETM+ multi-spectral remote sensing.Through analyzing metallogenic geological background of the regional and the characteristics of band data spectrum,using the method of crosta major analysis to extract mineralized alteration information,and using the methods of mutual authentication of different anomalies and geological interpretation to filter alteration remote sensing anomalies,we delineat four remote sensing abnormal packets in this area.In the field work,we conduct field surveys of remote sensing in the study area,and find that most abnormalities are related to kaolin and carbonate alteration within the fault zone,so we suggest that these alteration can be taken as prospecting indicators.In addition,by analyzing mineralization in this mine,we obtain gold mineralization is mainly controlled by tectonic.We delineat one gold orebody in the fracture zones,where the No.4 remote sensing abnormal parket is located.It shows that there are obviously remote sensing exploration results in the development sections of tectonic.
Baishiya iron deposit produces in the Early Carboniferous Dagangou group,its lithology includes: sandstone, conglomerates, limestone,shale, quartz sandstone or feldspathic sandstone and so on. Granitoids and Late Triassic volcano rocks of Hercynian and Indosinian widely distribute.The structure of mining in this area is complex,which has characteristics of multi -stage,inheritance and multiple mechanisms of tectonic.Fault strongly develop with large scale and space-time distribution characteristics of multi-phase and multi-directional.Wallrock alteration is developed,which mainly includes thermal metamorphism and contact metasomatic metamorphism,and the latter is more complex and more closely related to mineralization.17 magnetic anomalies have been found in Baishiya iron deposit,we suggest that magnetic anomaly is mainly caused by magnetite based on the inspection of magnetic anomalies.Through the magnetic anomaly geological work,we understand the mine geology and the ore deposit geological feature of the Baishiya iron deposit,we also sum up prospecting criteria,and finally delineate 47 iron orebodies and 11 lead-zinc-copper orebodies.Because of the sand cover is thick,most of the orebodies are blind orebodies.Baishiya iron deposit belongs to contact metasomatic skarn deposits.
In order to further expand the production capacity of the mine,since 2008,Sanshandao gold mine began to implement the expansion project of 8 000 t/d,and used the way of multi-well enhance parallel operation,that was the original auxiliary shaft and the new primary mixed well after change twist were used at the same time in the construction of slide broken and dust recovery system of the main mixed well in Xinli mining area.We redistribute the upgrade time of the auxiliary shaft in original mine,and optimize the tub structure,continuously improve the heavy vehicles rate of the main mixed well.At the same time,by enhancing management of the mine after change twist and the transforming the fixed tub and other measures,we improve the capability of the mine,speed up the progress of the project and improve the economic benefits of the mine significantly.The technology can be a good guide for accelerating progress in developing infrastructure,it is worth learning for similar mine.
Because cyanide is poisonous，it can pollute environment by using cyanidation to deal with gold ore.Meanwhile,with the problem of poor effective in the leaching of complex gold,many scholars try to find better method to instead cyanide.The advantages of non-cyanidation gold leaching technology are non-toxic，fast leaching speed and strong adaptability for impurity,it is subjected to favour.We review the research advance and application status of non-cyanide gold leaching technology.The thiourea,thiosulfate,thiocyanate,polysulfide and calcium polysulphides,halogen and its compound and their advantages and disadvantages，are emphatically introduced.We advocate non-toxic and more effective gold leaching technology to attain the goal of efficient，environmental protection purpose and adapt to industrialization production.
Flotation machine is the most important and core equipment in the foam flotation method,which has become one of the most important sorting methods in the world for raw mineral materials separation.With many different kinds and specifications,flotation machines are used in different fields.We introduce two types of flotation machines and their effect in the flotation separation process of lead and zinc.The results show that different types of flotation machine having different effect in lead and zinc flotation separation,and A-type flotation machine has more stable separation index,less flotation reagent consumption and better producing,by comparing the separation index and the flotation reagent consumption of A-type and XCF/KYF-type flotation machines in lead and zinc flotation separation.
DGSS can not only realize informatization in overall process and digitalization flow in the field data collecting,achievement synthesizing,calculation of reserves,orebody 3D modeling and visualization,but also complete integrated storage and management of comprehensive materials and data of multi-source isomeric and multi-scale multidimensional dynamic exploration.DGSS can take advantage both in mine geological survey and regional geological survey,provide effective tool and platform for digital geological exploration.It is used to collect data,createcolumnar section and profile map,calculate reserves,build orebody 3D model and fulfill main flow informatization and digitization of geological exploration work in the deep detailed survey project of Xincheng gold mine.It provides faster and more intuitive information to improve the efficiency of geological exploration and management.
RTK technology is a new measurement techniques commonly used in GPS,it can provide real-time results of three-dimensional positioning of test site in the specified coordinate system.It has advantages of efficient，accurate positioning,lower operation conditions require and easy to operate.RTK technology brings convenient to mapping work,improves the efficiency of the field layout and the accuracy of lofting points and is widely used in the measurement of the mine.But RTK technology also has some shortcomings which mainly caused by the influence of the satellite status,the sky environment and data transmission.Through comparing the review of known piont and the remeasureement and detecting station frequency changes to complete RTK technology.The RTK technology continues to be more mature,it has important significance for mine to speed up the measure progress and reduce labor intensity.
In order to solve the problems of tailings dumps and drainage in Penglai Mining concentrator,by comparing of the advantages and disadvantages of various stacking methods,combined with the current concentrator process characteristics and geographical features,we successfully resolve the problems of tailings pile,backwater and flood during the rainy season by using the ways of dam -front pile up and ulverts drainage.The successful application of this tailings dumps and drainage way provides valuable experience about tailings maintenance and use for small valley-based concentrator,has good economic and social benefits.
Currently,Shabaosi gold deposit has entered the stage of construction and exploitation,which will inevitably cause a series of problems of engineering and environmental geology.The fault well develop,the surface weathering strong and crack grow,engineering geology environmental quality is poor-moderate in the region.The stability of surrounding rock in slope and underground mined-out area are the main engineering geological problems. Surface water quality is good,ground water quality is poor in which arsenic,iron,manganese,oxygen consumption generally exceeded.The soil has a high content of arsenic which caused by the native environment.We predict the possible environmental engineering geological problems and propose corresponding prevention recommendations to provide the basis for construction and development
Based on illustrating the contents,characteristics and the problems of the equipment site management, combining the actual situation of the enterprise and the concrete content，we analyzed the reasons which cause the problems of equipment site management.According to the problems of the inefficient use of equipment,resources waste,equipment failure，scene confusion and so on，we adopted improvements which is waging campaigns,establishing safe and long-acting production mechanisms, setting examine and repair pattern, establish a regional contracting system of equipment for it.It achieves the goal of the effective management in equipment site management.
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