Ore-controlling was closely related to deep processes of gold concentrated area in the northwest Shandong.The eastern area of North China platform turned into mantle plume evolution since Yanshanian movement after the long stable evolution of Paleozoic.The northwest Shandong developed Guojiadian mantle branches around the Laiyang sub-mantle plume.Through mantle plume,sub-mantle plume,mantle branch,favorable structural expanding zones，core-mantle derived gaseous or gas-liquid Au-bearing hydrothermal fluid was migrated to the ductile-brattle or brattle-ductile zones，internal or external contact zones of intrusives dense flerry fractures，contact zones between dykes and country rocks，forming a series of gold deposits.Therefore，this constitutes a series large and medium-scale gold deposit around the Guojialing mantle branch.We also put forward that Jiaojia fault structure is the main detachment zone（fracture altered rock） on the northwestern margin of mantle branch structure，Sanshandao fault structure is listric faults hanging wall on the detachment zone，and then points out the further prospecting direction.
Shihu gold orefield is located in the middle section of Taihangshan structure-magmatic polymetallic metallogenic belt and the core location of Fuping mantle branch structure.Tectonic deformation and magmatic activity determine the distribution characteristics and metallogenic model of the vein.With the comprehensive analysis for the tectonic stress field and metallogenic elements of the deposit,the following understanding can be concluded：①due to the early Neocathaysian movement of NNE direction,the deposit formed two sets of conjugate shearing joint systems of NW direction and nearly SN direction as the effects of torsion stress field,where in the occurrence is stable,the scale is relatively large,and the conjugate shearing joint systems are superimposed on the complex fold formed earlier;②due to the intrusive rock（Mapeng pluton） of deep fault activities,the surrounding rock is further deformed, and the vicinity there of（such as Tuling） formed with an arch tensile stress field,and the ulterior point（such as Shihu and Xishimen） formed with a compression stress field of nearly north-west direction; ③ the metallogenic hydrothermal solution in the magmatic activity period moved from deep to shallow and from SE to NW by taking the contact zone between the pluton and the surrounding rock as the channel;in Shihu and Xishimen areas of the deposit,the joints of NW direction are in a tension environment and are primary ore spaces and rich metallogenic regions,while the north-south is in an extrusion closed state,and the mineralization is poor;Tuling area is in an arch tensile environment,all the fractures of different occurrences are subjected to the effects of hydrothermal mineralization,and the metallogenic scale thereof is limited.
The research area lies on Duobaoshan-Heihe Cu-Mo-Au-Fe-Zn metallogenetic belt,which is the sub-belt of Dongwuzhumu-Nenjiang metallogenetic belt.Lots of ore deposits and prospective areas are discovered by the investigating programs of minerals and resources of Heilongjiang Province,which indicates that the research area is excellent in ore-prospecting potential.The thesis focuses on the relationship among strata, tectonic,magmatic rocks,aerial magnetic anomaly and gold-metallogeny,and the major ore-controlling factors are discussed.The metallogenic model and prospecting sign are Preliminary established and summarized.The research is helpful to the further ore-hunting in the area.
In order to solve problem of deep prospecting of Balifang mine area,according to geological conditions of the mine,we apply the electro-chemical extraction metal measuring method to carry out prospecting prediction in the mine.This study select fourth line as test section of electro-chemical extraction,we find the fourth line across an altered fracture zone by test research,it shows the presence of gold bodies by project expose,thus proving that it is feasible that adopt electro-chemical methods to find buried gold mine in Balifang mine area.Through analyzing the characteristics of electro-chemical anomalies,we delineation two deep prospecting targets within the scope of the survey area,we think that the deep parts of the central and western in the survey area has a certain prospecting potential.
The paper has researched the geological features,temporal-spatial distribution and tectonic evolution of mineralization of the Adakitic rocks in the central and eastern sections of Gansu Province,and in the western part of West Qinling.It analyses the porphyry-type Cu and Au deposits related to adakitic rocks,especially about the metallogenetic regulations and geological contraints,and metallogenetic model of adakite-type Cu and Au deposits,and provides a guidance and theory for Cu-Au-prospecting exploration in this area.
Kuangou gold deposit located in the southwestern margin of the North Qinling fold belt,the deposit is strictly controlled by the structural,Yuzigou secondary fault is the main ore-controlling structure of this area.The intrusive rocks are well developed in the region,quartz syenite veins are closely related to gold mineralization.Based on the metallogenic theory of the epithermal gold deposit,we use new technology of structural superimposed halos to carry out deep blind ore prospecting work in this area,and establish the model of structure superimposed halo.Through analysis of the structure superimposed halo of the mine,we find that the mineralization have the characteristics of multi-stages superimposed.
Hulalin gold deposit is located in the north of Erguna ore-forming belt，belongs to the cryptoexplosion breccia type gold deposit related to the porphyry body．The major metallic minerals,also the major gold carrier minerals are pyrite，limonite and chalcopyrite；The nonmetallic minerals are quartz and feldspar．The ore textures include automorphic-hypautomorphic-xenomorphic granular，metasomatic and poikilitic．The ore structures mainly show disseminate，brecciated，veinlet and massive．The gold minerals are dominated by the native gold，and others are the electrum．Shapes of gold minerals are mostly granular，sharp-angled grain，longhorn granular and michael granular with middle to fine granule，the largest gold grain size is 0.38 mm×0.42 mm×0.06 mm.Gold occurs mainly in shape of interparticle gold，fissure gold or inclusion gold are taken the second place. Based on the features of gold grain size and occurrence in ore，the proposed ore grinding fineness choose 10 μm is appropriate，and may use the mineral processing of re-election-flotation.
Ganheba gold deposit occur in Mian -lue tectonic mélange belt,it is a fine disseminated gold deposit hosted by shear zone.Gold orebodies are characterized by a series of discrete lenses within shear zone,and individual ore body is 50 to 150 meters in strike length.A lot of dill holes did not encounter the ore before，because the downplunge law was not discovered at that time,thus considered the down dip content is limited and thought Ganhebai gold deposit as a small deposit.After several years mining and exploration experience in recent year,found orebodies were expressed by a series of ore shoots that plunge to east at 40~55°,and the down dip content of individual ore shoot is more longer than its strike length,the ore shoot vertical content controlled by workings is over 300 meters and still open.At the same time,the multi-side-pitching law was recognized,subsequently the downplunge and muti-downplunge law were applied in deep depth and peripheral exploration,resulted in a very good exploration result and dramatical decrease of exploration costs.Based on the downplunge law of ore shoots and the new exploration progress,the exploration potential was reconsidered,we suggest Ganheba district has a good exploration prospect to become a medium-big sized gold deposit.
There are many gold-lead-zinc multi-mental deposits and mineralized spots at the Late Paleozonic Laoheishan rift in Taipingling metallogenic belt.Because of few studies about the genesis types of the deposit,this results in the restriction difficultly on exploration,mining and prediction of mineralization regularity.We comprehensive analysis of geological features,ore-controlling condition and metallogenic physical-chemical conditions of Jiufogou metal deposit,using the spectroscopy analysis of the original rock and fluid inclusions test and other methods to discuss the source of the mineral and ore-forming mechanism of the mine.The deposit belongs to high-sulfur-type epithermal deposita,this laid the foundation for further deep and external exploration and target prediction.
Shijing gold-silver deposit，which is lied in Jurassic volcanic and pyroclastic rocks,is composited of two gold and silver mineralization belts,fourteen mine（change） bodies，and is obviously controlled by the fracture structure.The function of enrichment of main mineralization is related with volcanic hydrothermal activity.In middle-low temperature volcanic hydrothermal in the environment of the Mesozoic,gold-silver ore-forming hydrothermal is enriched firstly by heat power and boiling function and then sediment and enrichment because of cooling, reduced pressure.Ore-forming materials mainly comes from the surrounding rock,ore genetic types is low epithermal volcanic hydrothermal,industrial types is quartz vein-broken altered rock.It has good prospecting marks of strata,vein rocks,structure,mineralized alteration,geochemical.It is favorable for regional metallogenic conditions and prospecting potential.
The Jilin Province Hunchun-Wangqing Pacific Rim region is an important tectonic activity with a focus on gold, one of the area gold deposits（points）number.By the known gold deposits in the region were classified by their causes,Based on the interior layer,structure,magmatic activity and gold mineralization in the relations and the main features of sulfur isotope study of gold deposits,The metallogenic epoch is discussed,Summed up the area gold deposit is mainly affected by the east-west fault belt controls,and volcano volcano rock is closely related to time,ore-forming fluid sulfur mainly comes from deep magma.On the basis of metallogenic regularities of ore prediction.
Jingshansi iron deposit,one of the three largest deposits in Wuyang iron ore field,whoes proven reserves above 500 m reaches 224.09 million tons,still has a large prospecting potential in its periphery.We analysis area genesis of the type of prospecting potential and exploration direction,according to the basic geological characteristics of the orebody and tectonism feature,to provide theoretical support for the prospecting work in the area,and also to achieve the purpose of major break through in prospecting.Study results suggest that the deposit is formed by direct deposition in a coastal environment,its deposit type is the Algoma-type banded iron construction with greenstone belts iron deposit.In the mining area has been controlled,the seam is continue extending to the deep with the trend of no thinning;and there is large prospecting potential outside the west side of the mining area and under 500 m in the south side,prospecting direction should be focused within the 15 km area between the Jingshansi to the Tieshan mine area, and the 20 km triangle area between Yaozhuang（Wugang City） and Nanfangzhuang （Ye county）.
Qingshuiquan copper deposit located in Calamaili mineralization belt of East Junggar district in Xinjiang,it produced in volcanic rock and andesite which had higher copper background value.Calamaili deep fault （NWW-EW） cross along the north of the district,rocks in this fault belt had deformed and metamorphosed.EW secondary structure and fracture become passageway and host space of the ore.Magmatic activity experiences multi-periodic intrusion and eruption in early,middle and later Variscan.Ultrabasic rock,biotite granite，felsophyre and continental lava in the district formed specified magmatic formation which related with space-time of deposit, also with superaposition of multi-phase ore-forming mineral.Copper orebody hosted in meta-andesite,it had close relationship with position,structure and magmatic activities,and deposited orderly in secondary net-veined structure and fracture,its mineralization had certain relationship with chalcopyrite and pyrite mineralization,and overprinted succeeding quartz-diorite-porphyrite vein;mineralization enriched in well-developed vein lets.
Galonggema is rich in copper and other metal deposit.The structural is located in the Xijinwulan-Yushu subduction and migmatitic complex zone which lies in area of Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic arc-basin of the Huaxia-pangaea.By analyzing its background of deposit formation and chemical characterize,it shows deposit characterize of lively marginal arc zone.By its rock formation analysis,ore shape,mineral combinations of rock and erosion of around-rock,it blongs to block-shaped sulphur deposit of the feldspar-quartz volcanics（the type of VHMS）.This deposit is guite similar to the Japanese black deposit in the melallogenetic models.So it belongs to the type of black deposit.
The discovery of Elashankou silver-lead-zinc deposit is a major breakthrough in the prospecting of Elashan metallogenic belt in Qinghai Province.This deposit is mainly produced in terrestrial volcanic rocks of the Late Triassic（Elashan group）.We discuss the geological conditions of the silver -lead-zinc deposit based on years of exploration results about the formation,structure,igneous rock,wall rock alteration,ore-controlling factors and metallogenic regularity,etc.We suggest that the deposit is impacted by the volcanic eruptions and acidic lava,and the ore produces in the complex（rhyolitic,andesitic,dacitic） volcanic breccia tuff lava combination,formed copper-silver-lead-zinc body in which pyrite is predominant，based on this,with the superimposed of the acidic magma intrusion in late NW-trending faults,eventually formed deposits pattern,which is controlled by the volcanic bodies and NW-trending faults.Comprehensive analysis show that the deposit belongs to terrestrial volcano-subvolcanic type （hydrothermal） deposits.
The gold particle size of Sandaogou gold ore is fine and it is wrapped by sulfide minerals,it has a close relationship with arsenic,the gold leaching rate of arsenic-bearing gold concentratecanide is only 15%,and it is difficult to recovery use.Using bacterial oxidation-cyanide gold extraction process,under the experimental conditions of ore sizes is -0.040 mm accounting 95.00%(-0.075 mm,accounting for 99.50%),temperature of 42 ℃,the slurry pH value between 1.2 and 1.5,pulp density 15%,the bacterial oxidation time is 12 to 13 days,the gold leaching rate reach 95.00%～95.47%（Danyin）,94.20%～94.62%（Sandaogou） and 95.04%～95.11%（Danyin and Sandaogou accounting 50% respectively）,and the silver leaching rate reach 76%（Danyin）,74.21%（Sandaogou） and 75.11%（Danyin and Sandaogou accounting 50% respectively）,respectively,the indicator is more ideal,and we better resolve the refractory problem of arsenic-bearing gold concentrate.
Yangshan gold deposit is located in the Longnan area of Gansu Province,it is a very large micro-disseminated gold deposit,the deposit is mainly controlled by Anchanghe-Guanyinba fault belt.The lithology of this area are mainly phyllite,limestone and plagiogranite porphyry.The conditions of recharge,runoff and discharge of groundwater and surface water in this area is relatively simple,by analyzing the region quaternary pore water,layered rocks fissure water,bedrock fissure water and structure belt pulse-shaped fissure water,we discuss the impact of atmospheric precipitation and various types aquifers on the water-filled of the deposit,and take treatment to prevent water-filled using prevention of surface water,and combined with the mine water.At the same time,we propose the initial proposal for use of groundwater to provide a reference for the next work.
In order to resolve the problems of short bearing life,bearing housing bearing hole concentricity tolerances and shaft seal leakage of the IH100-65-315/75kW pump,which is used in underground temporary pump rooms of -510 m and -333 m,appropriate transformation is done.The comparative study results show that after the transformation,only in -510 m pump room,we can save electricity 50 000 kWh/a,and have a savings of 3 million yuan.By installing DSF dynamic sealing filler,the pump displacement increases significantly due to the reduction of pump leakage.The transformation can not only reduce the maintenance workload,the parts consumption,and the failure rate,but also improve the availability and utilization rate,and create good conditions for the production.
Na-bentonite has better properties than Ca-bentonite,such as high swelling volume,high cation exchange capacity and good colloid suspensibility.Therefore,the Ca-bentonite is sodium activated to improve properties and application values.The principle and process of sodium-modification were summatized in this paper. Compared to other processes,the suspensoid method was mainly introduced.In order to improve physical and chemmical properties of the modified bentonite,the effecting factors of the suspensoid process including the modifying agent types, the modified temperature and pH value were discussed systematicly.The best reaction conditions were as following: the modifying agent was NaCO3,its dosage was 4%,the pH value was 9~10, and the modified temperature was 70 ℃.Also,to obtain high value-added production,the focus of research is to optimize suspensoid process conditions in future.
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