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Gold Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 470-482.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.03.140

• Mining Technology and Mine Management • Previous Articles    

Potential Resource Evaluation and Treatment Suggestions of Gold Tailings (Slag) in Southwest Guizhou

Baichuan SUN1,2(),Ruidong YANG1,2(),Lulin ZHENG1,3,Jun CHEN1,2,Haili REN1,4,Junbo GAO1,2,Wei CHENG1,3   

  1. 1.School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
    3.School of Mines, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
    4.School of Management, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2021-09-29 Revised:2022-02-21 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-09-14
  • Contact: Ruidong YANG E-mail:sunbaichuan7@163.com;rdyang@gzu.edu.cn

Abstract:

With the rapid development of gold mining technology in China,the number,scale and output of gold mines are increasing day by day,but the ore grade is constantly decreasing.At the same time,with the increase of mining intensity of gold mines,the number of tailings produced also increases dramatically.However,gold tailings are valuable secondary resources with fine particle size,large resource quantity,low price and no need for mining,crushing and grinding operations,which has a high possibility of comprehensive utilization.With the improvement of ore dressing technology and the shortage of gold resources,the gold tailings has a higher recovery value.Southwest Guizhou is one of the main production areas of carlin-type gold deposits in China,which has been mined for several decades.With the mining of gold deposits,a large number of tailing resources have been produced.The gold deposits in southwest Guizhou are mainly accumulated in Zhenfeng-Qinglong-Anlong area.The gold content and occurrence state of five typical gold tailings reservoirs in this area were investigated,and the total amount of gold in the area was estimated by using the geological block method.The results show that most of the gold in the tailings is in the state of gold wrapped in quartz in the fine pyrite,and the potential pile stock of Lannigou carbon leaching gold mine tailings is about 1.2 million tons,the content of Au in the carbon leaching tailings is as high as 2.52×10-6~3.82×10-6,with an average of 3.13×10-6,far higher than the industrial grade of primary gold deposit,the estimated amount of gold metal is 3.75 t.The potential resource of the tailings (slag) of Shuiyindong gold mine is about 4.2 million tons,the gold content is 1.67×10-6,and the estimated Au metal content is 7.01 t.Both of these two tailings resource have the potential of secondary gold extraction.The soil,plants and water quality around the two tailings reservoirs of Zima and Laowanchang were analyzed.It is found that Cd,Hg and As in the samples exceeded the standard seriously,which is harmful to the environment.Therefore,the disposal of gold tailings has become the primary problem to protect the local environment.For these gold tailings that do not reach the industrial grade,they can generally be used in reclamation planting,mining filling or processing into building materials.At present,it has been studied by many scholars at home and abroad,and its application prospect is very broad.

Key words: resources potential, gold tailings, occurrence state, tailings treatment, carlin type gold mine, southwest Guizhou

CLC Number: 

  • TD926.4

Fig.1

Distribution map of gold mine tailings pond in the study area"

Fig.2

Typical tailings reservoir of gold mine in southwest Guizhou"

Table 1

Storage of typical tailings in the southwest Guizhou"

尾矿库名称尾矿库数量总占地面积/m2尾渣量/万t
合计19885 1019 411
水银洞金矿尾矿库3211 500420
烂泥沟金矿尾矿库2410 200120
戈塘金矿尾矿库3103 600255
紫马金矿尾矿库8121 00080
老万场金矿尾矿库338 80136

Table 2

Estimation results of stockpile of typical tailings reservoir of gold mine in southwest Guizhou"

尾矿库名称尾矿库编号占地面积/m2平均厚度/m尾渣体积/m3尾渣密度/(t·m-3尾渣量/万t尾渣量合计/万t
戈塘金矿尾矿库13 0001030 0001.44255
21 6001016 0001.42
399 000181 782 0001.4249
紫马金矿尾矿库14 800733 6001.4580
210 00010100 0001.414
37 000856 0001.48
48 400537 8001.45
570 0001070 0001.410
68 80012105 6001.415
76 6001172 6001.410
854001791 8001.413
老万场金矿尾矿库121 884487 5371.41236
28 9301089 3001.413
37 9871079 8711.411
水银洞金矿尾矿库小厂尾矿库(1号)163 000----420
大烂滩尾矿库(2号)26 400----
小烂滩尾矿库(3号)22 100----
烂泥沟金矿尾矿库195 500----1 100
2314 700----

Table 3

Calculation results of gold resources in tailings reservoir of gold mine in southwest Guizhou"

尾矿库名称样品编号金含量/(×10-6金含量平均值/(×10-6堆存量/万t金资源量/t
烂泥沟金矿尾矿库LNGTJ1-13.823.131203.75
LNGTJ1-22.52
LNGTJ1-33.06
水银洞金矿尾矿库SYD01(组合样)1.671.674207.01
紫马金矿尾矿库ZMD201(组合样)0.340.45790.36
ZMD202(组合样)0.40
ZMD203(组合样)0.55
ZMD204(组合样)0.51
戈塘金矿尾矿库GTD2ZY1-10.390.382560.97
GTD2ZY1-20.28
GTD2010.32
GTD5010.53
老万场金矿尾矿库LWCD301(组合样)0.380.4436.000.16
LWCD302(组合样)0.34
LWCD303(组合样)0.36
LWCD304(组合样)0.66

Table 4

Element analysis and test results of the tailings of gold mine in southwest Guizhou"

采样位置样品编号w(Au)/(×10-6w(As)/(×10-6w(Sb)/(×10-6w(Hg)/(×10-6TS/%w(TiO2)/%
烂泥沟金矿LNGTJ1-13.829 4245230.2424.161.04
LNGTJ1-22.525 0175330.1623.711.04
LNGTJ1-33.068 6224570.2034.211.03
水银洞金矿SYD011.671 714153.29-1.49
紫马金矿ZMD2010.341 2401072.84-1.06
ZMD2020.41 4502206.1-0.83
ZMD2030.551 5161433.74-1.49
ZMD2040.511 2871432.88-1.55
老万场金矿LWCD3010.381 94617727.270.1181.76
LWCD3020.341 31817222.050.0631.63
LWCD3030.362 48619310.090.0741.50
LWCD3040.662 6962079.150.0641.84
戈塘金矿GTD2ZY1-10.3976072920.290.201.29
GTD2ZY1-20.2882153016.070.141.31
GTD2010.325884489.95-0.86
GTD5010.537241 70018.14-0.81

Fig.3

Histogram of the element content of typical gold tailings (slag) in southwest Guizhou"

Fig.4

SEM analysis results of gold tailings (slag) in the study area"

Table 5

Exceeding standard of surface soil and surface water samples around Laowanchang and Zima gold mines"

样品编号样品名称尾矿类型超标倍数
CdHgAs
LWC-Au-S-2表层土金矿2.45.6172.1
LWC-Au-S-3表层土金矿2.2282.1
LWC-Au-SW-1地表水金矿尾矿(渣)--1.1
ZM-Au-S-1表层土金矿--23.1
ZM-Au-S-2烟叶根系土金矿1.41.426.5
ZM-Au-S-3表层土金矿--6.9
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