湖南通道地区金矿床成矿流体特征及成矿物质来源：来自流体包裹体、H-O-S同位素的证据

doi:10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.01.138

Abstract

Abstract:

A large number of medium-large gold deposits developed in the Xuefeng arc-shaped structural belt，which mainly composed of precambrian strata and undergo low-grade metamorphism with multi-stage tectonic movement.In addition，long-term large-scale magma activity （e.g. Silurian，Triassic） occurred in the Taojiang-Chengbu fault zone on the eastern margin of Xuefeng Mountain.Due to the overprint of regional metamorphic hydrothermal and deep magma hydrothermal fluid，both metamorphic hydrothermal and magmatic hydrothermal Au-Sb deposits are occurred in Xuefeng Mountain region.Previous research and exploration mainly focused on gold deposits in the northern and middle district of the metallogenic belt，that is lacking in the southern district （e.g. Huitong，Jingzhou，Tongdao）.The gold deposits in the Tongdao County are composed of the Chaxi，Jinkeng，and Huanggou small-medium quartz vein and altered rock type gold deposits，which developed in low-grade precambrian metamorphic strata and controlled by faults.To constrain the ore forming fluids characteristics and source，field investigations，microscopic rock-mineral determination，fluid inclusion and H-O-S isotope analysis were completed in this research.The representative ore-bearing quartz vein samples were selected to identify the petrographic characteristics of inclusions for micro-thermal analysis.In addition，the H，O isotope composition were analyzed with a single mineral of quartz and the in-situ S isotope analysis of gold-bearing sulfides （e.g. pyrite and arsenopyrite） are obtained by LA-ICP-MS.Analysis results show that it can be divided into two metallogenic stages，stage Ⅰ is quartz+pyrite+arsenopyrite+sericite+gold，stage Ⅱ is quartz+sericite+minor gold.The homogenization temperature of stage Ⅰ quartz fluid inclusions in the Chaxi deposit is 155~297 ℃ with a peak value of 210~220 ℃ and the salinity［w（NaCl）］ is 4.9%~11.7%.The homogenization temperature of stage Ⅱ quartz fluid inclusions in the Chaxi deposit is 135~233 ℃ with a peak value of 160~170 ℃ and the salinity is 3.3%~9.7%.The homogenization temperature of quartz fluid inclusions in the Jinkeng deposit is 202~261 ℃ with a peak value of 210~220 ℃ and the salinity is 5.6%~10.1%.The homogenization temperature of stage Ⅱ quartz fluid inclusions in the Jinkeng deposit is 134~203 ℃ with a peak value of 150~160 ℃ and the salinity is 3.8%~8.8%.The homogenization temperature of stage Ⅰ quartz fluid inclusions in the Huanggou deposit is 176~319 ℃ with a peak value of 220~240 ℃ and the salinity is 5.1%~11.7%.The H-O isotopic composition of the ore-forming fluids in the three deposits has a similar evolution trend：The stage Ⅰ δ¹⁸O_fluid change from +4.95‰ to +6.95‰ and the stage Ⅱ δ¹⁸O_fluid change from +1.08‰ to +1.38‰，while the δD value changes greatly，from -83‰ to -33‰.Therefore，the stage Ⅰ ore-forming fluid is a medium-temperature and medium-low-salinity fluid，the source of which are dominated by metamorphic water with overprint of deep magma water and the stage Ⅱ ore-forming fluid is a low-temperature and low-salinity fluid，indicating an addition of meteoric water.In addition，the δ³⁴S values of pyrite in the Huanggou deposit is scattered，ranging from -15.79‰ to +3.88‰，while the δ³⁴S values of sulfide in the Jinkeng deposit is concentrated，which is -5.02‰~+0.74‰.Combined with the sulfur isotope composition of regional strata and the EPMA analysis of pyrite，it is believed that the sulfur source of gold-bearing sulfide （δ³⁴S value near zero） is mainly originated from deep magmatic，but no gold or with trace gold content sulfide （negative δ³⁴S value） are derived from wall rock formation.

Key words: Xuefeng arc-shaped structural belt, gold deposit, quartz fluid inclusion, H-O-S isotope, fluid characteristics, Tongdao area, Hunan Province

CLC Number:

P618.51

Yuhua XIE,Hua GAO,Zhe ZHANG,Liang YANG,Xinxing KE,Xiaomin LIU,Jianbiao LUO,Qi LIU,Kunlin XU,Jishun LIU,Zhilin WANG,Hua KONG,Biao LIU. Ore-forming Fluid Characteristics and Material Source of Gold Deposits in Tongdao County，Hunan Province：Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-S Isotopes[J].Gold Science and Technology, 2021, 29(1): 74-89.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

Fig.5

Table 2

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 3

H，O isotopic compositions of quart from gold deposits in Tongdao area"

样品编号	矿床	成矿阶段	矿物	δD	δ¹⁸O_quartz	T/℃	$δ 18 O H 2 O$
180726-02	茶溪矿区	一	石英	-65	17.1	220	6.60
180726-03	茶溪矿区	一	石英	-63	17	220	6.50
180726-05	茶溪矿区	一	石英	-63	16.2	220	5.70
180726-06	茶溪矿区	一	石英	-51	16.5	220	6.00
180724-04	金坑矿区	一	石英	-83	16.3	220	5.80
180724-05	金坑矿区	一	石英	-44	16.2	220	5.70
180724-15	金坑矿区	二	石英	-71	15.7	160	1.08
180725-01	黄垢矿区	一	石英	-60	15.5	230	5.55
180725-02	黄垢矿区	一	石英	-33	15	230	5.05
180725-10	黄垢矿区	一	石英	-70	15.2	230	5.25
180725-11	黄垢矿区	一	石英	-60	14.9	230	4.95
180725-17	黄垢矿区	一	石英	-59	16.9	230	6.95
180725-18	黄垢矿区	二	石英	-71	16	160	1.38

Table 3

Fig.8

Table 4

In situ sulfur isotope composition of sulfides from gold deposits in Tongdao area"

样品编号	成矿阶段	矿物	δ³⁴S/‰	采样位置	样品编号	成矿阶段	矿物	δ³⁴S/‰	采样位置
180724-11-1	一	黄铁矿	+0.74	金坑矿区	180725-04-7	一	黄铁矿	+1.16	黄垢矿区
180724-11-2	一	黄铁矿	-2.73	金坑矿区	180725-04-8	一	黄铁矿	+3.45	黄垢矿区
180724-11-3	一	黄铁矿	-4.97	金坑矿区	180725-04-9	一	黄铁矿	+0.98	黄垢矿区
180724-11-4	一	黄铁矿	-3.66	金坑矿区	180725-16-1		黄铁矿	-15.79	黄垢矿区
180724-11-5	一	黄铁矿	-4.79	金坑矿区	180725-16-2		黄铁矿	-12.33	黄垢矿区
180724-12-1	一	毒砂	-3.68	金坑矿区	180725-16-3		黄铁矿	-11.56	黄垢矿区
180724-12-2	一	毒砂	-1.56	金坑矿区	180725-16-4		黄铁矿	-12.28	黄垢矿区
180724-12-3	一	毒砂	-1.72	金坑矿区	180725-16-5		黄铁矿	-10.01	黄垢矿区
180724-12-4	一	毒砂	-2.90	金坑矿区	180725-16-6		黄铁矿	-11.15	黄垢矿区
180724-12-5	一	毒砂	-1.86	金坑矿区	180725-16-7		黄铁矿	-12.74	黄垢矿区
181018-11-1	一	黄铁矿	-5.02	金坑矿区	180725-16-8		黄铁矿	-14.72	黄垢矿区
181018-11-2	一	黄铁矿	-4.13	金坑矿区	180725-16-9		黄铁矿	-13.69	黄垢矿区
181018-11-3	一	黄铁矿	-3.17	金坑矿区	180725-16-10		黄铁矿	-13.33	黄垢矿区
181018-11-4	一	黄铁矿	-4.15	金坑矿区	180725-16-11		黄铁矿	-10.52	黄垢矿区
181018-11-5	一	黄铁矿	-3.42	金坑矿区	180725-16-12		黄铁矿	-10.81	黄垢矿区
181018-11-6	一	黄铁矿	-3.34	金坑矿区	180725-16-13		黄铁矿	-11.79	黄垢矿区
180725-02-1	一	黄铁矿	+3.88	黄垢矿区	180725-16-14		黄铁矿	-6.49	黄垢矿区
180725-02-2	一	黄铁矿	-6.23	黄垢矿区	180725-16-15		黄铁矿	-7.28	黄垢矿区
180725-02-3	一	黄铁矿	-11.03	黄垢矿区	180725-16-16		黄铁矿	-11.74	黄垢矿区
180725-02-4	一	黄铁矿	-12.16	黄垢矿区	180725-16-17		黄铁矿	-6.75	黄垢矿区
180725-02-5	一	黄铁矿	+1.37	黄垢矿区	180726-06-1	一	黝铜矿	+6.59	茶溪矿区
180725-04-1	一	黄铁矿	+0.40	黄垢矿区	180726-06-2	一	黝铜矿	+7.05	茶溪矿区
180725-04-2	一	黄铁矿	-1.43	黄垢矿区	180726-06-3	一	黝铜矿	+4.18	茶溪矿区
180725-04-3	一	黄铁矿	-6.68	黄垢矿区	180726-06-4	一	黝铜矿	+6.35	茶溪矿区
180725-04-4	一	黄铁矿	-3.25	黄垢矿区	180726-06-5	一	黝铜矿	+7.37	茶溪矿区
180725-04-5	一	黄铁矿	-3.44	黄垢矿区	180726-06-6	一	黝铜矿	+6.55	茶溪矿区
180725-04-6	一	黄铁矿	-1.72	黄垢矿区

Table 4

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

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Ore-forming Fluid Characteristics and Material Source of Gold Deposits in Tongdao County，Hunan Province：Evidence from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-S Isotopes

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样品编号	矿区	阶段	样品特征	样品编号	矿区	阶段	样品特征
180724-04	金坑	一	V2号脉石英脉	180725-10	黄垢	一	含矿石英脉
180724-05	金坑	一	含矿石英脉，下盘见褪色化带	180725-11	黄垢	一	含矿石英脉
180724-11	金坑	一	含硫化物矿石	180725-17	黄垢	一	含矿石英脉
180724-12	金坑	一	含硫化物矿石	180725-18	黄垢	二	顺层含矿石英脉（未见硫化物）
180724-15	金坑	二	含矿石英脉（未见硫化物）	180726-02	茶溪	一	陡立含矿石英脉
181018-11	金坑	一	含硫化物矿石	180726-03	茶溪	一	陡倾含矿石英脉
180725-01	黄垢	一	含矿石英脉	180726-04	茶溪	二	平缓含矿石英脉（未见硫化物）
180725-02	黄垢	一	含矿石英脉	180726-05	茶溪	一	含矿石英脉
180725-04	黄垢	一	含硫化物矿石	180726-06	茶溪	一	含矿石英脉
180725-16	黄垢		含黄铁矿变质砂岩

样品编号	矿床	成矿阶段	矿物	数量	气/液比/%	大小/μm	均一温度/℃		盐度[w（NaCl）]/%
样品编号	矿床	成矿阶段	矿物	数量	气/液比/%	大小/μm	变化	峰值	变化	峰值
180726-06	茶溪矿区	一	石英	26	15~25	5~30	155~297	210~220	4.9~11.7	6~7
180726-04	茶溪矿区	二	石英	19	15~20	5~20	135~233	160~170	3.3~9.7	5~6
180724-04	金坑矿区	一	石英	20	10~20	3~10	202~261	210~220	5.6~10.1	7~8
180724-15	金坑矿区	二	石英	20	10~20	5~30	134~203	150~160	3.8~8.8	6~7
180725-10	黄垢矿区	一	石英	19	15~30	15~30	179~319	220~230	5.8~11.7	8~9
180725-11	黄垢矿区	一	石英	20	15~25	15~25	176~296	230~240	5.1~11.3	9~10