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Gold Science and Technology ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 513-521.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2019.04.513

• Mining Technology and Mine Management • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Numerical and Entropy Coupling Optimization of Mining Methods in Urban Underground Mines

Jianhua HU1(),Shuohan XU1,Zelin XU2,Lei HAN2   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China
    2. Chuzhou Tongxin Mining Co. , Ltd. ,Chuzhou 239011,Anhui,China
  • Received:2019-06-29 Revised:2019-07-15 Online:2019-08-31 Published:2019-08-19

Abstract:

On the premise of ensuring safe production,efficient exploitation has become an important mode of urban mining resources exploitation and utilization.The mining activities in urban underground mines will cause the stress field redistribution and displacement deformation of the upper and lower layers and surrounding rock masses.Langya Mountain copper mine in Anhui Province is a typical urban underground mine, dangerous accidents such as ground subsidence and structure collapse caused by mining must be avoided.Taking mining methods and techniques optimization as a goal,three mining method were put forwarded,which are upward horizontal cut and fill method,two-step open stope afterwards back-filling mining method and upward high stratification filling mining method.MIDAS GTS NX three-dimensional numerical calculation model of ore bodies based on the three mining methods was established.12 surface monitoring were decorated by using FLAC3D software to simulate the orebody in -365 m to 245 m middle section,Langya Mountain copper mine.Orebodies in different mining methods under the condition of stope mining and surface stability was researched,and the surface tilt,curvature and level displacement deformation parameters was calculated.On this basis,three schemes are evaluated and optimized by entropy weight according to the comprehensive mining technical and economic indexes.The results show that:(1)The distribution of the settlement area extends evenly and outward in a circle,and the settlement trend is consistent with the strike of ore body.According to the deformation data of 12 monitoring points of three mining schemes,the monitoring surface settlement displacement and horizontal displacement of each point are U-shaped distribution affected by the distribution rule of ore body,and the maximum deformation reaches 25 mm.(2)The displacement inclination,curvature and horizontal deformation calculated at monitoring points with dense surface buildings meet the safety requirements,and with the maximum values of 0.099 mm/m,0.17×10-3 ·m-1 and 0.0248 mm/m,respectively.(3)The calculated surface deformation indicators are scored by experts,and the scoring results of surface indicators and technical and economic indicators are normalized.The comprehensive evaluation index values of three different schemes are obtained in the model of entropy weight method,and the evaluation results show that plan 3 is the optimal scheme.The coupling of numerical simulation and entropy weight evaluation integrates the objective data and fuzzy evaluation,and makes scientific and reasonable comprehensive evaluation of different mining methods,thus putting forward new ideas and directions for the comprehensive evaluation of urban underground mines.

Key words: urban underground mine, FlAC3D software, surface deformation, technical economy, entropy method

CLC Number: 

  • X936

Fig.1

Composite map of deposit distribution and surface buildings"

Fig.2

Orebody 3D mesh model"

Table 1

Ore rock physical and mechanical parameters"

岩体类别 体积模量K/GPa 剪切模量G/GPa 泊松比υ 黏聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗压强度/MPa 抗拉强度/MPa 密度/(kg·m-3
上盘围岩 43.05 24.60 0.26 15.2 47.8 58.1 4.9 3 147
下盘围岩 77.16 37.68 0.29 18.7 50.2 83.2 6.5 3 188
矿体 43.21 29.75 0.22 1.3 29.4 3.02 2.1 3 226
充填体 1.58 1.15 0.24 0.6 30.0 1.50 0.05 1 740

Table 2

Numerical simulation scheme designing"

方案编号 开挖高度/m 开挖方式说明
方案一 3 开挖高度为3 m,分多步骤分层回采,回采3 m后充填空区,再在充填体上继续回采3 m矿体
方案二 20 设置4个回采单元,采用一步骤回采,回采高度为20 m,回采单元按照“隔一采一”设置
方案三 10 加大分层高度,分二步骤全断面回采,一次回采高度为10 m,一步骤回采后充填采空区,在充填体上二步骤全断面回采下一个10 m矿体

Fig.3

Schematic diagram of mining scheme"

Fig.4

Surface subsidence area"

Fig.5

Comparison of different height monitoring points"

Fig.6

Trend of monitoring point settlement"

Fig.7

Surface deformation curve"

Table 3

Allowable values for displacement and deformation of buildings"

建(构)筑物保护等级 倾斜i/(mm·m-1 曲率k/(10-3 ·m-1 水平变形ε/(mm·m-1
±3 ±0.2 ±2
±6 ±0.4 ±4
±10 ±0.6 ±6
±10 ±0.6 ±6

Table 4

Technical and economic indicators of three programs"

方案编号 矿块生产能力/(t·d-1 采切比/(m·kt-1 损失率/% 贫化率/% 采矿成本/(元·t-1 充填成本/(元·t-1
方案一 38 3.75 5 5 39.33 21.4
方案二 45 6.6 15 15 32.13 31.4
方案三 95 6.9 8 8 30.60 12.0

Table 5

Indicator rating grading standard"

等级 指标值 等级 指标值
Ⅰ(差) 0.2 Ⅲ(较好) 0.6
Ⅱ(较差) 0.4 Ⅳ(好) 0.8

Table 6

Score results of evaluation index"

方案编号 指标得分
沉降位移(A1 倾斜(A2 曲率(A3 水平变形(A4
方案一 0.8625 0.7375 0.50 0.7000
方案二 0.5125 0.6250 0.78 0.6125
方案三 0.6625 0.7375 0.65 0.7375

Fig.8

Comprehensive evaluation index system"

Table 7

Index normalization results"

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9
方案一 0.29 0.34 0.24 0.34 0.21 0.47 0.51 0.28 0.29
方案二 0.31 0.30 0.41 0.30 0.25 0.27 0.17 0.35 0.20
方案三 0.40 0.36 0.35 0.36 0.53 0.26 0.32 0.37 0.51
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