Gold Science and Technology
img

Wechat

Adv. Search
Online Submission Peer Review Office Work

Gold Science and Technology ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 559-569.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2018.05.559

    Next Articles

The Effect of Water/Rock Interaction for the Gold Fineness of Jiaojia Gold Deposit

Huanlong HU1,2(),Hongrui FAN1,2()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029， China
    2 College of Earth Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049， China
  • Received:2018-08-16 Revised:2018-09-28 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-31

RichHTML

9

PDF (PC)

585

Abstract:

The gold fineness is a very important parameter for the gold deposit research and it is affected by many factors such as pH value and Na/(Na+K) of the ore-forming fluid.The water/rock interaction between ore-forming fluid and wall rock usually controls those important physico-chemical parameters.Jiaojia gold deposit is characterized by the intense water/rock interaction.No.Ⅰand No.Ⅲ orebodies in the Jiaojia gold deposit have different water/rock interaction due to different wall rocks.The study in this paper mainly focuses on the gold fineness comparison of the stage Ⅲ mineralization(quartz-polymetallic sulfide stage) between No.Ⅰand No.Ⅲ orebodies.The stage Ⅲ gold in two orebodies has been distinguished under the microscope.They were analyzed by the EPMA and the gold fineness was calculated according to analysis results.The mineral equilibrium phase image was calculated to estimate the variation tendency of pH value and Na/(Na+K) of the ore-forming fluid. Two points could been known according to this study:(1)The gold fineness in the stage III mineralization between No.Ⅰ and No.Ⅲ is similar;(2)pH value and Na/(Na+K) could be different when the ore-forming fluid was buffered by the pyrite-sericite-quartz alterated rock and K-feldsparation rock,but this difference has a little effect on the gold fineness.

Key words: gold fineness, water/rock interaction, pH value, Na/(Na+K), equilibrium phase diagram

CLC Number: 

  • P614

Fig.1

Regional geological map of Jiaodong gold province(modified according to Fan,et al [ 25 ] ) "

Fig.2

Geologic map of Jiaojia gold field [ 26 ] "

Fig.3

Cross-section diagram of orebodies of the line 112 in Jiaojia gold deposit [ 27 ] "

Fig.4

Sketch section diagram of alteration and mineralization in the ~ -600 m tunnel of Jiaojia gold deposit "

Fig.5

Alteration and mineralization characteristic of Jiaojia gold mine and its sample"

Fig.6

Texture characteristics of ore minerals in Jiaojia gold deposit "

Table 1

Composition of electrum by the EPMA"

样品及编号 As Se Fe S Co Pb Ni Bi Cu Ag Zn Sb Te Au 总量 金成色
黄铁绢英岩 16JJ05-1 0 0 3.543 4.14 0 0 0.003 0.02 2.679 15.108 0.026 0 0.045 74.12 99.684 830
16JJ05-2 0 0.027 14.02 19.462 0 0.134 0.003 0.21 16.699 9.105 1.058 0 0.018 42.969 103.705 825
16JJ05-3 0.022 0 3.012 3.679 0 0 0 0 1.68 15.002 0.023 0 0.056 79.396 102.87 841
16JJ05-4 0 0 1.466 1.93 0 0 0.001 0 1.471 13.877 0.244 0 0 83.959 102.948 857
16JJ05-5 0.047 0.005 8.243 10.944 0 0.147 0 0.107 0 14.767 0.013 0 0.103 68.993 103.369 821
16JJ05-6 0.008 0 9.514 13.091 0 0 0 0 0 15.198 0.074 0 0.123 66.955 104.963 817
16JJ05-7 0.029 0 6.689 8.706 0 0 0 0.193 0.705 13.951 1.307 0 0 72.455 104.035 837
钾长石化花岗岩 16JJ15-1 0 0.007 6.778 9.972 0 0 0 0.352 0 16.019 0.03 0 0.074 69.65 102.882 813
16JJ15-2 0.058 0 6.422 8.726 0 0 0 0.001 0 16.313 0.02 0 0.045 74.302 105.887 831
16JJ11-1 0 0 3.749 5.369 0 0.615 0.008 0.059 0 15.182 0.005 0 0.016 78.747 103.75 838
16JJ11-2 0 0 2.91 3.921 0 3.346 0 0.311 0.008 16.121 0 0 0 75.995 102.612 825

Table 2

Chemical reaction equations and their equilibrium constant for the "

编号 化学反应式 logK
(1) Na(AlSi 3 )O 8 +K + =K(AlSi 3 )O 8 +Na + 0.995
(2) 3Na(AlSi 3 )O 8 +2H + +K + =KAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 +6SiO 2 +3Na + 10.563
(3) 3K(AlSi 3 )O 8 +2H + =KAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 +6SiO 2 +2K + 7.578
(4) 2KAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 _+2H + +3H 2 O=3Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 +2K + 3.462
(5) Na + +KAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 =NaAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 +K + -1.604
(6) 3Na(AlSi 3 )O 8 +2H + =NaAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 +6SiO 2 +2Na + 8.959
(7) 2NaAl 2 (AlSi 3 )O 10 (OH) 2 +2H + +3H 2 O=3Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 +2Na + 6.670

Fig.7

Minerals equilibrium phase image"

1 罗镇宽 . 中国金矿床概论 [J]. 天津：天津科学技术出版社 ， 1993 ： 156 - 161 .
Luo Zhenkuan . The Generality of Chinese Gold Deposits [J]. Tianjin：Tianjin Science & Technology Press , 1993 ： 156 - 161 .
2 梁俊红 ， 刘海波 ， 王建国 ， 等 . 自然金的标型及成色特征在金矿床研究中的意义 [J]. 黄金 ， 2000 ， 21 ( 12 )： 1 - 5 .
Liang Junhong ， Liu Haibo ， Wang Jianguo ， et al . The meaning of the typomorphic characteristics of native gold and its fineness feature in researches of gold deposit [J]. Gold , 2000 , 21 ( 12 )： 1 - 5 .
3 张振儒 ， 郭定良 . 影响金矿物成色的因素及机理 [J]. 黄金科学技术 ， 1998 ， 22 （ 11 ）： 24 - 28 .
Zhang Zhenru ， Guo Dingliang . Factors affecting the fineness of gold minerals and their mechanisms [J]. Gold Science and Technology ， 1998 ， 22 （ 12 ）： 24 - 28 .
4 Hayba D O . Geologic,mineralogic and geochemical characteristics of volcanic-hosted epithermal precious-metal deposits [J]. Reviews in Economic Geology , 1985 , 2 ： 129 - 167 .
5 Heald P. Comparative anatomy of volcanic-hosted epithermal deposits：Acid-sulfate and adularia-sericite types [J]. Economic Geology ， 1987 ， 8 ： 1 - 26 .
6 Stoffregen R. Genensis of acid-sulfate alteration and Au-Cu-Ag mineralization at Summitville，Colorado [J]. Economic Geology ， 1987 ， 82 （ 6 ）： 1575 - 1591 .
7 Roedder E. Fluid inclusions [M]. Chantilly：Mineralogical Society of America ， 1984 .
8 Berger B R ， Jr Harold J ， Bonham F. Epithermal gold-siver deposits in the western United States：Time-space products of evolving plutonic，volcanic and tectonic environments [J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration ， 1990 ， 36 ： 103 - 142 .
9 Fernandez D C ， Fuertes-Fuente M ， Martin-Izard A. Fluid inclusions in the Ortosa Au-skarns，Asturias（northwestern of Spain） [C]// XVI ECROFI European Current Research on Fluid Inclusions.2001.
10 Johnson T W ， Meinert L D . Au-Cu-Ag skarn and replacement mineralization in the McLaren deposit，New World District，Park Country，Montana ［J］. Economic Geology ， 1994 ， 89 ： 969 - 991 .
11 Reynolds T J ， Beane R E . Evolution of hydrothermal fluid characteristics at the Santa Rita，New Mexico，porphyry copper deposit [J]. Economic Geology ， 1985 ， 80 ： 1328 - 1347 .
12 Groves D I ， Goldfarb R J ， Gebre-Mariam M ， et al . Orogenic gold deposits：A proposed classification in the context of their crustal distribution and relationship to other gold deposit types [J]. Ore Geology Reviews ， 1998 ， 13 ： 7 - 27 .
13 Oberthür T ， Weiser T ， Amanor J A ， et al . Mineralogical siting and distribution of gold in quartz veins and sulfide ores of the Ashanti mine and other deposits in the Ashanti belt of Ghana：Genetic implications [J]. Mineralium Deposita ， 1997 ， 32 ： 2 - 15 .
14 Robert F ， Kelly W C . Ore-forming fluids in Archean gold-bearing quartz veins at the Sigma mine，Abitibi Greenstone Belt，Quebec，Canada [J]. Economic Geology ， 1987 ， 82 ： 1464 - 1482 .
15 Walsh J F ， Kesler S E ， Duff D ， et al . Fluid inclusion geochemistry of high-grade，vein-hosted gold ore at the Pamour mine，Porcupine Camp，Ontario [J]. Economic Geology ， 1988 ， 83 ： 1347 - 1367 .
16 Pal’Yanova G. Physicochemical modeling of the coupled behavior of gold and silver in hydrothermal processes：Gold fineness，Au/Ag ratios and their possible implications [J]. Chemical Geology ， 2008 ， 255 ： 399 - 413 .
17 Gammons C H ， Williams-Jones A E . Hydrothermal geochemistry of electrum：Thermodynamic constraints [J]. Economic Geology ， 1995 ， 90 ： 420 - 432 .
18 Tagirov B R. ， Salvi S ， Schott J ， et al . Experimental study of gold-hydrosulphide complexing in aqueous solutions at 350～500 °C，500 and 1000 bars using mineral buffers [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ， 2005 ， 69 ： 2119 - 2132 .
19 Stefánsson A ， Seward T M . Experimental determination of the stability and stoichiometry of sulphide complexes of silver（I） in hydrothermal solutions to 400°C [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ， 2003 ， 67 ： 1395 - 1413 .
20 Stefánsson A ， Seward T M . Gold（I） complexing in aqueous sulphide solutions to 500°C at 500 bar [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ， 2004 ， 68 ： 4121 - 4143 .
21 Liang Y ， Hoshino K. Thermodynamic calculations of Au x Ag 1 -x-Fluid equilibria and their applications for ore-forming conditions [J]. Applied Geochemistry ， 2015 ， 52 ： 109 - 117 .
22 Li X C ， Fan H R ， Santosh M ， et al . Hydrothermal alteration associated with Mesozoic granite-hosted gold mineralization at the Sanshandao deposit，Jiaodong gold province，China [J]. Ore Geology Reviews ， 2013 ， 53 ： 403 - 421 .
23 Xu W G ， Fan H R ， Yang K F ， et al . Exhaustive gold mineralizing processes of the Sanshandao gold deposit，Jiaodong Peninsula，eastern China：Displayed by hydrothermal alteration modeling [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences ， 2016 ， 129 ： 152 - 169 .
24 Wen B J ， Fan H R ， Hu F F ， et al . Fluid evolution and ore genesis of the giant Sanshandao gold deposit，Jiaodong gold province，China：Constrains from geology，fluid inclusions and H-O-S-He-Ar isotopic compositions [J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration ， 2016 ， 171 ： 96 - 112 .
25 Fan H R ， Zhai M G ， Xie Y H ， et al . Ore-forming fluids associated with granite-hosted gold mineralization at the Sanshandao deposit，Jiaodong gold province，China [J]. Mineralium Deposita ， 2003 ， 38 ： 739 - 750 .
26 宋明春 , 宋英昕 ， 沈昆 ， 等 . 胶东焦家深部金矿矿床地球化学特征及有关问题讨论 [J]. 地球化学 ， 2013 ， 42 （ 3 ）： 274 - 289 .
Song Mingchun ， Song Yingxin ， Shen Kun ， et al . Geochemical features of deeply-seated gold deposit and discussions on some associated problems in Jiaojia gold ore field,Shandong Peninsula,China [J]. Geochimica ， 2013 ， 42 （ 3 ）： 274 - 289 .
27 宋明春 ， 崔书学 ， 周明岭 ， 等 . 山东省焦家矿区深部超大型金矿床及其对“焦家式”金矿的启示 [J]. 地质学报 ， 2010 ， 84 （ 9 ）： 1349 - 1358 .
Song Mingchun ， Cui Shuxue ， Zhou Mingling ， et al . The deep oversize gold deposit in the Jiaojia field，Shandong Province and its enlightenment for the Jiaojia-type gold deposits [J]. Acta Geologica Sinica ， 2010 ， 84 （ 9 ）： 1349 - 1358 .
28 Cai Y C ， Fan H R ， Santosh M ， et al . Decratonic gold mineralization：Evidence from the Shangzhuang gold deposit，eastern North China Craton [J]. Gondwana Research ， 2018 ， 54 ： 1 - 22 .
29 Hu F F ， Fan H R ， Zhai M G ， et al . Fluid evolution in the Rushan lode gold deposit of Jiaodong Peninsula，eastern China [J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration ， 2006 ， 89 ： 161 - 164 .
30 Wen B J ， Fan H R ， Santosh M ， et al . Genesis of two different types of gold mineralization in the Linglong gold field，China：Constrains from geology，fluid inclusions and stable isotope [J]. Ore Geology Reviews ， 2015 ， 65 ： 643 - 658 .
31 翟明国 ， 朱日祥 ， 刘建明 ， 等 . 华北东部中生代构造体制转折的关键时限 [J]. 中国科学（地球科学） ， 2003 ， 33 （ 10 ）： 913 - 920 .
Zhai Mingguo ， Zhu Rixiang ， Liu Jianming ， et al . The critical deadline of Mesozoic tectonic regime transformation in the east of Huabei [J]. Science in China（Earth Science） ， 2003 ， 33 （ 10 ）： 913 - 920 .
32 Zhai M G ， Yang J H ， Liu W J . Large clusters of gold deposits and large-scale metallogenesis in the Jiaodong Peninsula，Eastern China [J]. Chinese Science（Geoscience） ， 2001 ， 44 （ 8 ）： 758 .
33 Fan H R ， Hu F F ， Yang J H ， et al . Fluid evolution and large-scale gold metallogeny during Mesozoic tectonic transition in the Jiaodong Peninsula，eastern China [J]. Geological Society London Special Publications ， 2007 ， 280 ： 303 - 316 .
34 范宏瑞 ， 胡芳芳 ， 杨进辉 ， 等 . 胶东中生代构造体制转折过程中流体演化和金的大规模成矿 [J]. 岩石学报 ， 2005 ， 21 （ 5 ）： 1317 - 1328 .
Fan Hongrui ， Hu Fangfang ， Yang Jinhui ， et al . Fluid evolution and large-scale gold metallogeny during Mesozoic tectonic transition in the eastern Shandong Province [J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica ， 2005 ， 21 （ 5 ）： 1317 - 1328 .
35 Johnson J W ， Oelkers E H ， Helgeson Harold C . SUPCRT92：A software package for calculating the standard molal thermodynamic properties of minerals，gases，aqueous species，and reactions from 1 to 5000 bar and 0 to 1000°C [J]. Computers&Geosciences ， 1992 ， 18 ： 899 - 947 .
36 Ma W D ， Fan H R ， Liu X ， et al . Hydrothermal fluid evolution of the Jintingling gold deposit in the Jiaodong Peninsula，China：Constraints from U-Pb age，CL imaging，fluid inclusion and stable isotope [J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences , 2018 ， 160 ： 287 - 303 .
[1] LIU Shipeng, YIN Chuanyin, HU Ting, QIU Tian. Study on the Hydrochemical Characteristics and Its Changes in the Deep Groundwater of Jiaojia Fault Belt [J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2018, 26(2): 153-159.
[2] WANG Zi-Guo, WANG Xiu-Juan, LI Mei. Studied to the Rock's Alteration Near the Mine and Disciplinarian of the Mine Enrichment of Hexi Gole Mine [J]. J4, 2007, 15(4): 23-27.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!

©2018 Gold Science and Technology　

Telephone：0931-8277791　

E-mail: hjkx@lzb.ac.cn Postcode：730000　

Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd

陇ICP备17001318号-1