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黄金科学技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 884-898.doi: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.06.067

• 采选技术与矿山管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

惩罚与激励双视角下绿色矿山建设的演化博弈与仿真

陈婉菁(),吴泽斌()   

  1. 江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西 赣州 341000
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-02 修回日期:2021-09-24 出版日期:2021-12-31 发布日期:2022-03-07
  • 通讯作者: 吴泽斌 E-mail:1368975112@qq.com;wuzebingz@sina.com
  • 作者简介:陈婉菁(1997-),女,江西赣州人,硕士研究生,从事区域资源开发与管理工作。1368975112@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    2020年度江西省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“自治走向善治:矿产资源开发治理模式研究”(JD20049)

Evolutionary Game and Simulation of Green Mine Construction from the Perspective of Punishment and Incentive

Wanjing CHEN(),Zebin WU()   

  1. School of Economic Management,Jiangxi University of Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2021-06-02 Revised:2021-09-24 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-03-07
  • Contact: Zebin WU E-mail:1368975112@qq.com;wuzebingz@sina.com

摘要:

为推进绿色矿山建设、转变矿业发展方式,基于博弈论和系统动力学构建地方政府和矿山企业的博弈模型,并引入动态惩罚机制和动态激励机制,对博弈双方进行稳定性、均衡点分析以及模型仿真。研究结果表明:在静态机制下,地方政府和矿山企业的行为呈周期性变化,不能达到稳定均衡状态;当地方政府采用动态惩罚机制和动态激励机制时,演化博弈过程呈收敛态势并最终趋于稳定。将演化博弈模型与系统动力学理论相结合进行仿真分析,能够对博弈双方的行为做出较科学的解释,为绿色矿山建设的奖惩机制设计与管理实践提供参考依据。因此,我国在推进绿色矿山建设的过程中,需要建立系统的奖惩机制,政企协同发力、合作推进,实现“ 金山银山”与“ 绿水青山”的共赢。

关键词: 绿色矿山建设, 动态惩罚机制, 动态激励机制, 演化博弈, 模型仿真

Abstract:

Promoting the construction of green mines is an effective way to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization and promote the high-quality development of mining industry.This paper constructs a game model of local government and mining enterprises based on game theory and system dynamics from the perspective of punishment and incentive,and introduces dynamic punishment and dynamic incentive mechanism to analyze the stability,equilibrium point and model simulation of both sides of the game.The results are as follows:Firstly,when the amount of punishment and incentive is fixed,the game process between local government and mining enterprises will change with the cycle,and can’t reach a stable equilibrium state.Secondly,under the dynamic punishment and dynamic incentive mechanism,the evolution process of local governments and mining enterprises gradually converges and finally stabilizes to the equilibrium value.Increasing the intensity of punishment helps to enhance the probability of enterprises to promote the construction of green mines.However,the direct cost behavior of large government incentives will reduce the willingness of enterprises to participate in the construction of green mines.The combination of evolutionary game model and system dynamics theory can give a more scientific explanation to the behavior of both sides of the game and provide reference for the design and management practice of reward and punishment mechanism of green mine construction.Therefore,the construction of green mines needs to establish a system of reward and punishment mechanism,government and enterprises work together to promote the development of green mines.

Key words: green mine construction, dynamic punishment mechanism, dynamic incentive mechanism, evolutionary game, model simulation

中图分类号: 

  • TD-05

表1

静态博弈下地方政府和矿山企业博弈收益矩阵"

博弈双方矿山企业
高参与y低参与1-y
地方政府高奖惩xc-a-b,a+e+f-gh-b-d,e-h
低奖惩1-xc-b,e+f-g-b-d,e

表2

均衡点的稳定性分析结果"

均衡点det( J判断正负tr( J

判断

正负

均衡点类型
(0,0)hf-g-h+f-g不确定鞍点
(0,1)af-g-a+f-g不确定鞍点
(1,0)-ha+h+f-g-a+f-g不确定鞍点
(1,1)-aa+h+f-g-h+f-g不确定鞍点
(x0,y0)ah(g-f)(a+h+f-g)(a+h)2+00中心点

图1

地方政府和矿山企业的演化博弈模型(SD模型)注:图中“U1”表示政府的收益;“U2”表示企业的收益;“G”表示政府高奖惩或企业高参与的选择;“D”表示政府低奖惩或企业低参与的选择;“U2DG”表示企业低参与、政府高奖惩的企业期望收益,以此类推"

图2

静态机制下地方政府与矿山企业演化博弈的仿真轨迹注:图中“x=0.4,y=0.2”表示地方政府和矿山企业演化博弈的初始概率"

图3

静态机制下不同初始值的企业参与绿色矿山建设的演化过程"

图4

改变其他变量对矿山企业参与绿色矿山建设的影响"

表3

动态惩罚机制下地方政府和矿山企业博弈收益矩阵"

博弈双方矿山企业
高参与y低参与1-y
地方政府高奖惩xc-a-b,a+e+f-ghy-b-d,e-hy)]
低奖惩1-xc-b,e+f-g-b-d,e

图5

动态惩罚机制下地方政府与矿山企业演化博弈的仿真轨迹注:图中“x=0.4,y=0.2”表示地方政府和矿山企业演化博弈的初始概率"

图6

动态惩罚机制下不同初始值的企业参与绿色矿山建设的演化过程"

图7

当x=0.4,y=0.2时不同惩罚机制下企业参与绿色矿山建设的演化过程"

表4

动态激励机制下地方政府和矿山企业博弈收益矩阵"

博弈双方矿山企业
高参与y低参与1-y
地方政府高奖惩xc-p(1-y)-b,p(1-y)+e+f-gh-b-d,e-h
低奖惩1-xc-b,e+f-g-b-d,e

图8

动态激励机制下地方政府与矿山企业演化博弈的仿真轨迹注:图中“x=0.4,y=0.2”表示地方政府和矿山企业演化博弈的初始概率"

图9

动态激励机制下不同初始值的企业参与绿色矿山建设的演化过程"

图10

当x=0.4,y=0.2时不同激励机制下企业参与绿色矿山建设的演化过程"

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