Analysis on the Characteristics and Causes of Ground Subsidence in Sanshandao Gold Mine
Received date: 2023-01-09
Revised date: 2023-04-09
Online published: 2023-09-20
As a type of slow-change geological hazard，ground subsidence have an important impact on people’s production and life.Since the establishment of Global Positioning System （GPS） monitoring of ground subsidence within the impact area of underground mining at Sanshandao gold mine in September 2012，significant ground subsidence has been monitored.In order to grasp the characteristics and patterns of ground subsidence in the mine area，this paper obtained the spatial and temporal variation of ground subsidence in the Sanshandao gold mine area by summarizing and analyzing the results of previous multi-period monitoring，and briefly discussed the direct and indirect factors causing the ground subsidence phenomenon，and finally proposed suggestions to mitigate the ground subsidence in the mine area.The results show that：（1）The trend of the subsidence extent in the study area is consistent since September 2012，and the center of subsidence is located in the upper disk area of the orebody，500 m to 600 m east of Sanshandao village committee. （2）The morphology of the ground subsidence basin has evolved from a nearly circular shape at the beginning to an elliptical shape at a later stage，i.e.，along the southeast side of the subsidence basin. （3）The subsidence contours are denser on the side close to the F1 ore-control fracture and sparser on the side far from the F1 fracture. （4）The cumulative sedimentation value of the sedimentation center becomes larger and larger over time，and the sedimentation velocity changes significantly，with a faster sedimentation velocity at first，then a slower sedimentation velocity，and an increase in the sedimentation velocity in recent years.According to the settlement velocity，the cumulative settlement curves can be divided into three stages.The first stage，between September 2012 and September 2016，the cumulative settlement is about 337 mm，with an average annual settlement of about 84 mm.The second stage，between September 2017 and September 2020，the cumulative settlement is about 73 mm，with an average annual settlement of about 24 mm.The third stage，from September 2020 to September 2021，the average annual subsidence is approximately 68 mm.The ground subsidence of Sanshandao gold mine is the product of the combined effect of mining disturbance force and self-gravity of the overlying rock.The movement deformation of the overlying rock in the mining area and the compression deformation of the overlying softer quaternary sediments will lead to the ground subsidence.The direct mining influences on ground subsidence can be divided into the shape of the orebody deposit，depth of burial，geological stress environment，presence of faults，and infill mining methods，while the indirect non-mining influences can be summarized as anthropogenic social factors，i.e.，the ground subsidence phenomenon is also aggravated by the economic development of mining，the increase of buildings，and the pumping of groundwater.
Yulong HE , Jia LIU , Fengshan MA , Guang LI , Jie GUO . Analysis on the Characteristics and Causes of Ground Subsidence in Sanshandao Gold Mine[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2023 , 31(4) : 605 -612 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.04.012
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