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Mineralogical Fingerprints of Co Metallogenesis in the Tuolugou Deposit,East Kunlun Orogen

  • Zhilin WANG , 1 ,
  • Kai ZHANG 1 ,
  • Deru XU 2 ,
  • Shaohao ZOU 2 ,
  • Yufei WANG 1
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
  • 2. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China

Received date: 2022-09-18

  Revised date: 2022-12-13

  Online published: 2023-04-27

Highlights

The demand for cobalt metals has accelerated due to the increased use of cobalt in high-technology industries,thus the security supply of cobalt ore resources has attracted attention worldwide.Cobalt,as one of the critical metals,is in an acute shortage in China.The East Kunlun Orogen is a significant Au-Cu-Fe-Co-Ni-Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt in western China.The Tuolugou Co(Au) deposit has great reputation as the first large independent cobalt deposit discovered in the northwestern China,whereas the understanding of the metallogenic process of Co is controversial.By combining EPMA and EBSD analyses,together with the field investigation and detailed microscopic observation,the paper revealed the sedimentary exhalative mineralization and superimposed reworking process responsible for the formation of the Tuolugou deposit.The sedimentary exhalative mineralization formed the fine-grained pyrite(PyⅠ),and the superimposed reworking process consists of two mineralizing stages,i.e.,fine-grained pyrite (PyⅡ)+cobaltite+gersdorffite+siegenite+pyrrhotite+minor chalcopyrite stage and coarse-grained pyrite (PyⅢ)+native Au stage.The three generations of pyrite have different chemical compositions,of which PyⅠ has Co contents ranging from 0.03% to 4.86%,PyⅡ ranging from 0.38% to 2.74% and PyⅢ ranging from 0.03% to 0.58%.The obvious negative correlations of Co with Fe uncover that Co exists in the pyrite lattice by stoichiometric substitution of Fe.These results concluded that Co occurs as either independent minerals(e.g.,cobaltite,gersdorffite and siegenite) or cobaltiferous pyrite in the Tuolugou deposit.The EMPA mappings depict that pyrite has complicated textural and chemical compositions,which suggest that the composite pyrite grains were formed by fluid-mediated coupled dissolution-reprecipitation reactions according to the sharp contact boundaries,the distinct chemical compositions,and the consistent morphology and crystallographic orientation among different generations of pyrite in EBSD inverse maps.In combination with the previous work,it is deduced that both the sedimentary exhalative mineralization and subsequent reworking process contributed Co mineralization in the Tuolugou deposit.This study provides a useful guide for the Co mineral exploration and efficient metallurgy in the eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt.

Cite this article

Zhilin WANG , Kai ZHANG , Deru XU , Shaohao ZOU , Yufei WANG . Mineralogical Fingerprints of Co Metallogenesis in the Tuolugou Deposit,East Kunlun Orogen[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2023 , 31(2) : 175 -189 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.02.121

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http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2023/1005-2518/1005-2518-2023-31-2-175.shtml

野外工作得到了青海省第三地质勘查院张爱奎、林贵等科研人员的帮助,匿名审稿人对论文提出了建设性的修改意见,在此一并表示感谢!

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