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[an error occurred while processing this directive]Research Progress of Granite-type Rubidium Deposits and Direction of Rubidium Deposits Exploration in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Received date: 2022-08-29
Revised date: 2022-11-14
Online published: 2023-03-27
Rubidium,as one of the rare metals,plays an increasingly prominent role in military and civilian fields.The granite rubidium deposit is the main type of rubidium ore with high economic value.Recently,lots of exploration achievements and research progress have been made in the granite rubidium deposit,but there is no systematic summary and review.In addition,as the national strategic resource and an important reserve base of critical metals,the prospecting direction of rubidium deposit in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are still unclear.This paper summarized and reviewed the granite type rubidium deposit from the metallogenic age,geological background,ore-controlling structure,ore-bearing rocks,geological characteristics of deposit and metallogenic mechanism.Then,combined with the new exploration achievements of rubidium deposit in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,reveal its metallogeny and exploration direction of rubidium deposit. For the subsequent exploration evaluation and theoretical research of granite-type rubidium deposits,the occurrence state,fluid characteristics and source of rubidium can be identified by mineralogical evidence,such as microscopic identification,backscattering and scanning electron microscopy,combined with current cutting-edge analytical techniques and methods,such as electron probe,LA-ICP-MS analysis and in-situ O isotope analysis.Furthermore,the process and genesis mechanism of rubidium mineralization were revealed.According to the specific geological characteristics of different metallogenic zones,based on the study of regional geological background,magmatic activity,rock properties and tectonic interpretation,the metallogenic dynamic background of different zones was summarized.A systematic comparative study was carried out on the ore-bearing and non-ore-bearing rock masses of several large and ultra-large granitic rubidium deposits to reveal their petrogeochemical characteristics in detail and clarify the mineralization specificity.At the same time,it is recommended to use the frontier conventional and unconventional isotope analysis,such as micro situ oxygen isotope,lithium isotope,etc.,to explore the source of ore-forming materials (rubidium,fluid) in detail.According to the research results,three prospecting direction are recommended.The first is by looking for the high differentiation granite as the rubidium vision area.The second is,by combining with the comprehensive analysis of infrared spectral characteristics,to explore albitization,greisenization,Tianhe petrochemical altered minerals and fluorite,topaz and other fluorides.The last is to use geophysical prospecting method for delineating magnetic anomaly and IP anomaly center,these methods have a good indicative significance for finding granitic rubidium deposits.
Jinling XIE , Bin LIN , Jing QI , Shilin DENG , Liang HE , Xiaoxu ZHANG . Research Progress of Granite-type Rubidium Deposits and Direction of Rubidium Deposits Exploration in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2023 , 31(1) : 26 -36 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2023.01.115
政协委员武强:绿色矿山建设是一把金钥匙
2023年全国两会,全国政协委员、中国工程院院士、中国矿业大学(北京)教授武强提到,目前纳入全国绿色矿山名录的矿山不到全国矿山总数的3%,且以大中型矿山为主,但我国小型及以下矿山比例约占70%,绿色矿山建设任务艰巨。他建议,建立由政府、企业、公众、社团等各方组成的社会监督体系,健全绿色矿山企业信息公开机制。
武强提到,矿业工程活动在为国家创造巨大财富的同时,由于多种原因,也诱发了让人十分痛心的严重矿山生态环境问题,如“三废”排放、地面变形、采掘导致含水层结构破坏而诱发矿山排(突)水、供水、生态环保三者之间矛盾、沙漠化和水土流失等。
目前经企业自评、第三方评估、省级核查推荐,我国共有1 200余家矿山企业被评选纳入全国绿色矿山名录库,占全国矿山总数不到3%。如何科学地破解人类为了生存发展而实施的开发利用工程活动与其生态环境保护之间的相互矛盾和冲突难题?武强认为,绿色矿山建设和绿色矿业发展是解决这对矛盾的一把“金钥匙”。
武强建议,加强绿色矿山建设的系统化思维。坚持政府引导、企业主体的原则,进一步健全绿色矿业发展工作机制。绿色矿山建设在横向上要多部门协同管理组织,或成立国务院(发改委)绿色矿山办公室;在纵向上要进一步完善国家、省、市、县四级联创机制;探索绿色矿山建设合同管理,在矿业权新立、延续、转让等环节合同签订时落实好建设内容,分别明确新建矿山和持证生产矿山的绿色矿山建设要求。绿色矿山建设和绿色矿业发展要以系统化理念为指导,加强“矿—农—城复合区”一体化规划建设;构建由政府、企业、公众、社团等各方组成的社会监督体系,健全绿色矿山企业信息公开机制。
武强建议完善绿色矿山建设评价指标体系。绿色矿山评价指标不仅考虑矿区环境、资源开发方式、资源综合利用、节能减排、科技创新与智能矿山、企业管理和企业形象等,而且应综合评价矿山的生产安全、职业健康、资源回收和开发效益等指标。
完善激励约束政策,推动矿业绿色低碳转型。鼓励矿山企业坚持创新驱动和加大科技投入,提高企业自身建设绿色矿山的内生动力。完善绿色矿山建设法律性和规范性制度体系,完善绿色矿山名录动态管理机制,构建第三方评估监管机制或绿色矿山认证制度,强化各方责任,保证建设质量。加快建立历史遗留废弃矿山生态修复基金,做好市场化运作。鼓励绿色矿山“开发式”建设。
中国矿业网)
http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2023/1005-2518/1005-2518-2023-31-1-26.shtml
西藏中凯实业有限公司和西藏自治区实物地质资料库在野外工作中提供了大力支持,匿名审稿专家对文章修改提出了宝贵意见,在此一并感谢!
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