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Gold Science and Technology >

2022 , Vol. 30 >Issue 2: 151 - 164

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.02.139

Mineral Exploration and Resource Evaluation

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Altered Rock Type Gold Mineralization of Huangjindong Gold Deposit in Jiangnan Orogenic Belt

  • Ke XU , 1, 2 ,
  • Deru XU , 1, 2, 3
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
  • 2. School of Earth Sciences, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
  • 3. Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory on Radioactive Geoscience and Big Data Technology, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China

Received date: 2021-09-28

  Revised date: 2022-01-05

  Online published: 2022-06-17

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Highlights

Quartz （carbonate） vein type and altered rock type ores are the most important ore types in hy-drothermal gold deposits，and the quartz vein type ores are widely studied. However，altered rock type ores are much less well studied due to the complexity of mineral compositions and unavailability for fluid inclusion and geochemical analysis. Compared with quartz veins，altered rock ores generally has a lower grade but larger reserve，which is of great significance for gold exploration. Altered rock ores，closely associated with fluid-rock interactions，represent a typical mineralization style in hydrothermal gold deposits. In the Huangjindong gold deposit of the Jiangnan orogenic belt，South China，altered slate ores are mostly developed in the bleaching alteration zone.Previous research demonstrates that the alteration associated with mineralization mainly include sericitization，silicification，carbonatization and sulfidation，but the gold precipitation mechanism of altered slate ores remains indistinct. Based on field work， and petrographic observations，altered rock type ores in the Huangjindong gold deposit commonly occur in the bleaching alteration zone with a remarkable color transformation from greenish grey to yellow-pale grey.The bleaching alteration zone generally distribute symmetrically along carbonate-quartz veins and mainly characterized by the occurrence of siderite spots，as well as sericites and cryptocrystalline quartzes. Abundant gold-bearing sulfide in altered slates aggregate near carbonate spots，sharing similar geochemical compositions with those in quartz veins viaElectron Probe Microanalysis （EPMA）.These sulfides locally crosscut siderite grains，as well as the cementing of partially dissolved siderite grains by quartz，demonstrating that the fading alteration took place before gold mineralization and likely generated by the reaction of CO2-rich fluids with host rocks. Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer （TIMA） analysis shows that two alteration zones have been observed in the altered slate，from the proximal to the distal side of the carbonate-quartz vein are silicification and sericitization，respectively. Micro area X-ray Fluorescence Surface Scan （μ-XRF） elemental mapping on carbonate-quartz vein and adjacent alteration zone suggest that most elements have obvious zoning. Mg，Fe and Mn are aggregated into spots in the alteration zones because of the appearance of siderite. Si is abundant in silicification zone，K and Al contents are high in sericitization zone. These results show that large amounts of siderite spots are generated during the pre-mineralization fluid-rock reaction，and thus provide favorable chemical traps for gold mineralization. The chemical reaction between gold-bearing fluid and siderite spot occurs during the ore-forming period，and contributes to gold mineralization by triggering sulfidation，which is the major genesis for the altered slate ores in the Huangjindong gold deposit.

Cite this article

Ke XU , Deru XU . Study on the Formation Mechanism of Altered Rock Type Gold Mineralization of Huangjindong Gold Deposit in Jiangnan Orogenic Belt[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2022 , 30(2) : 151 -164 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.02.139

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http://www.goldsci.ac.cn/article/2022/1005-2518/1005-2518-2022-30-2-151.shtml

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