Research Progress of Microalloyed Gold-based Materials
Received date: 2021-10-08
Revised date: 2021-12-01
Online published: 2022-04-25
As a precious metal material widely used in electronic packaging,jewelry and other industries,the performance improvement of gold-based materials has always been the focus of research,and micro-alloying technology,as a new metallurgical technology that can optimize metal performance,is widely used in the application and development of precious metal materials. From the perspective of microstructure and atomic morphology,we discuss the mechanism principle of microalloying technology of gold-based materials.From the point of microstructure,the reinforcement principle of micro-alloying is expounded from the perspective of micro-organization such as solid-solute reinforcement,second-phase reinforcement and fine crystal rein-forcement.The development process and present situation of gold microalloying technology from theoretical research to application experiment are introduced in detail.The performance differences of gold-based materials under the action of different trace elements were compared comprehensively.At present,rare earth elements have both good solid-soluble reinforcement effect,second reinforcement effect and fine crystal reinforcement effect,which are the main trace elements to optimizing the performance of gold-based materials.Finally,looking forward to the application prospect and research direction of micro-alloyed gold-based materials,we should establish a scientific model that can scientifically predict the micro-form and performance of gold-based materials on the basis of more in-depth and systematic research,and obtain the best complement element type and ratio,so as to improve the research and development efficiency of new gold-based materials.
Xiaopeng CHI , Jiayan XU , Shuiping ZHONG , Xiuhua CHEN . Research Progress of Microalloyed Gold-based Materials[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2022 , 30(1) : 141 -150 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2022.01.143
null | Bullens D K,1935.Steel and Heat Treatment[M].New York:Wiley. |
null | Cason C,2017.Gold Alloys:Study of the Microstructural,Mechanical Characteristics and Final Optimization of Production Parameters for the Realization of Full and Cable Pipe Chains[D].Padova:University of Padova. |
null | Chen Pengxu,2007.Effect of Rare Earth Ce and Y on Cast Structure and Performance of 18 Karat Yellow Gold Alloy[D].Guangzhou:Guangdong University of Technology. |
null | Cohn J G,1979.Selected properties of gold[J].Gold Bulletin,12(1):21-24. |
null | Corti C, Holliday R,2009.Gold:Science and Applications[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press. |
null | Deng Anhua,2000.Strengthening methods of non-ferrous metals[J].Shanghai Nonferrous Metals,(4):187-194. |
null | Ding Longbo,1998.Study on microalloying strengthening process of gold[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,14(5):28-31. |
null | Du Yiming, Li Shengli, Ai Xingang, al et,2020.Research progress of strengthened iron and steel with second phase particle[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,32(8):683-689. |
null | Du Zhongwen,2010. The description of hardened pure gold used in jewelry[J].Superhard Material Engineering,22(2):54-57. |
null | Fang Jiheng, Xie Ming, Zhang Jiming, al et,2017.Review of gold/palladium based precious metal solders[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,27(8):1659-1670. |
null | Fischer-bühner J,2005.Hardening of low-alloyed gold[J].Gold Bulletin,38(3):120-131. |
null | Gafner G,1989.The development of 990 gold—titanium:Its production,use and properties[J]. Gold Bulletin,89(6):112-122. |
null | Guo Yingchun, Yang Guoxiang, Kong Jianwen, al et,2009. Development and applications of gold bonding wires[J]. Precious Metals,30(3):68-71,78. |
null | Gusmano G, MontanarI R, Montesperelli G, al et,2001.Influence of Si,Ni and Co additions on gold alloy for investment cast process[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds,325(1/2):252-258. |
null | Hall E O,1951.The deformation and ageing of mild steel:III discussion of results [J].Proceedings of the Physical Society Section B,643(9):747-753. |
null | Jacobson D M, Harrison M R, Sangha S,1996.Stable strengthening of 990-gold[J]. Gold Bulletin,29(3):95-100. |
null | Jian Hongyong,2004.The application and development of micro-alloying in China[J].Metallurgical Collections,(3):38-42. |
null | Jiang Rong,2008.Effect of precipitation behavior on the microstructure of microalloy steel[J].Science and Technology of Overseas Building Materi,(5):15-17. |
null | Jin M J, Geng Y H, Jin X J,2012.Strengthening of calcium microalloying in pure gold[J].Precious Metals,33(Supp.1):96-101. |
null | Kang Feifei, Wu Yongjin, Kong Jianwen, al et,2017.Research sta-tus of substitute products for gold bonding wires used in microelectronics packaging[J].Precious Metals,38(4):81-86. |
null | Kim H G, Lee T W, Jeong E K, al et,2011.Effects of alloying elements on microstructure and thermal aging properties of Au bonding wire[J].Microelectronics Reliability,51(12):2250-2256. |
null | Knosp H, Holliday R J, Corti C W,2003.Gold in dentistry:Alloys,uses and performance[J].Gold Bulletin,36(3):93-102. |
null | Lei Zhuo,2007.Effect of Si and Co Addition on Microstructure and Properties of 18K Yellow Gold Alloy[D].Guangzhou:Guangdong University of Technology. |
null | Li D, Liu K, Rakhmonov J, al et,2021. Enhanced thermal stability of precipitates and elevated-temperature properties via microalloying with transition metals(Zr,V and Sc) in Al-Cu 224 cast alloys[J].Materials Science & Engineering:A,827:142090. |
null | Li J Z, Yan Z W, Wang X Q, al et,2017.Influences of 1.0 wt.% additives on the microstructures and mechanical properties of gold[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,721:615-621. |
null | Li J Z, Zhao L Q, Li L,2020.Microstructures and hardness changes of Au0.1Be under four strengthening methods[J].Journal of Physics:Conference Series,1699:012015. |
null | Li Yinglong, Wang Yugui, Wu Baoyuan,1999.Review on strengthening of gold based microalloys[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,(5):35-40. |
null | Liu Shengfa, Tan Guanghua, Xiong Jieran, al et,2016.Infulence of Sb on As-cast microstructure of Au-Ge eutectic alloy[J].Special Casting and Nonferrous Alloys,36(8):785-787. |
null | Zhaoping Lü, Jiang Suihe, He Junyang, al et,2016.Second phase strengthening in advanced metal materials[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,52(10):1183-1198. |
null | Ning Y T,2005.Properties and applications of some gold alloys modified by rare earth additions[J].Gold Bulletin,38(1):3-8. |
null | Ning Y T,2006.Influence of gd addition on the structure and properties of Au-Ni and Au-Ni-Cr alloys[J].Gold Bulletin,39(4):220-225. |
null | Ning Yuantao,2002.Steengthening of gold via alloying elements[J].Precious Metals,23(3):51-56. |
null | Ning Yuantao,2007.Development and progress of gold and gold alloy materials[J]. Precious Metals,28(2):57-64. |
null | Orowan E,1954.Dislocations in Metals[M].New York:The Institute of Metals Division the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. |
null | Ott D, Raub C J,1978.Grain coarsening effects of chromium and iron in Au-Ag-Cu alloys[J].Gold Bulletin,11(1):16-17. |
null | Ott D, Raub C J,1981.Grain size of gold and gold alloys[J].Gold Bulletin,14(2):69-74. |
null | Peng Qiuming, Tang Dingxiang,2012.Development of precious metals containing rare earth elements[J].Journal of Yanshan University,36(5):377-382. |
null | Petch N J,1954. The fracture of metals[J]. Progress in Metal Physics,5(2):1-52. |
null | Rudolf R, Tomi? S, An?el I, al et,2015. Microstructure and biocompatibility of gold-lanthanum strips[J].Gold Bulletin,47(4):263-273. |
null | Saradesh K M, Vinodkumar G S,2020.Grain refinement of 24 karat gold(99.99 wt.% pure) and 22 karat gold (Au-5.8wt.%Cu-2.5wt.%Ag) by Au-6wt.%Ti grain refiner[J].Gold Bulletin,53(1):19-29. |
null | Song Yang, Liu Lihua, Zhang Zhongwu,2021.Research progress on the titanium microalloyed low carbon steels[J].Materials Reports,35(15):15175-15182. |
null | Toleuova A, Musina G, Kaldybayeva S,2021. Modifying and micro-alloying effect on carbon steels microstructure[J]. Solid State Phenomena,316:359-363. |
null | Wang D T, Zhang X Z, Xu S S, al et,2021. Improvement of mechanical properties in micro-alloying Al-Si-Mg-Zn cast alloy[J]. Materials Letters,283:128810. |
null | Xie Zineng,1987.Effect of added elements on properties of gold and its alloys[J].Precious Metals,(1):46-59. |
null | Yan Sheng,2020.Study on heat treatment process of Ca addition AZ63 magnesium alloy’s[J].Southern Metals,(5):7-9,36. |
null | Yang Anheng, Xie Hongchao,2007.Application of Au-Ge alloy in electron industry[J].Precious Metals,(1):63-66. |
null | Yang Q Q, Xiong W H, Zhang J,2006.Strengthening mechanism of Au990-Ti jewelry alloys[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,35(12):1904-1907. |
null | Yang Qingqing, Xiong Weihao, Zhang Jie, al et,1999.The influence of trace alloying and thermo-mechanical treatment on the strength of Au-based alloy[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,(Supp.1):38-41. |
null | Yang Yulu, Ma Yonghua,1982.Display of metallographic structure of Au Ag Cu Mn Gd alloy[J].Precious Metals,(3):47-49. |
null | Yuan J H, Chuang T H,2020. Bondability of Pd and Au containing Ag-alloy wires on Au pads for LED package[J].IEEE Transactions on Components,Packaging,and Manufacturing Technology,10(2):191-196. |
null | Yuan Junping, Li Guishuang, Chen Dedong, al et,2015.Hardening behavior of Co-Sb-Sc alloying pure gold[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,36(5):5-9. |
null | Zhong Xiangtao, Wang Hui,2013.Discussion on manufacturing technique of 999% hard gold in jewelry[J].Superhard Material Engineering,25(2):53-55. |
null | Zhou Xinming, Li Qubo,1994.The alloying of gold with trace elements[J]. Precious Metals,15(2):1-9. |
null | 陈澎旭,2007.稀土铈钇对18K黄色金合金铸态组织和性能影响的研究[D].广州:广东工业大学. |
null | 邓安华,2000.有色金属的强化方法[J].上海有色金属,(4):187-194. |
null | 丁龙波,1998.黄金的微合金强化工艺研究[J].有色矿冶,14(5):28-31. |
null | 杜一鸣,李胜利,艾新港,等,2020.第二相粒子强化钢铁材料的研究进展[J].钢铁研究学报,32(8):683-689. |
null | 杜中文,2010.首饰用千足硬金综述[J].超硬材料工程,22(2):54-57. |
null | 方继恒,谢明,张吉明,等,2017. 金/钯基贵金属钎料研究进展[J].中国有色金属学报,27(8):1659-1670. |
null | 郭迎春,杨国祥,孔建稳,等,2009.键合金丝的研究进展及应用[J].贵金属,30(3):68-71,78. |
null | 简红勇,2004.微合金化在我国的应用与发展[J].冶金丛刊,(3):38-42. |
null | 蒋蓉,2008.碳氮化物的析出行为对微合金化钢微观结构的影响[J].国外建材科技,(5):15-17. |
null | 康菲菲,吴永瑾,孔建稳,等,2017.微电子封装用键合金丝替代产品的研究现状[J].贵金属,38(4):81-86. |
null | 雷卓,2007.添加Si、Co对18K黄色金合金组织与性能的影响[D].广州:广东工业大学. |
null | 李英龙,王玉贵,吴宝元,1999.金基微合金强化研究综述[J].有色矿冶,(5):35-40. |
null | 刘生发,谭广华,熊杰然,等,2016.Sb对Au-Ge共晶合金铸态组织的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,36(8):785-787. |
null | 吕昭平,蒋虽合,何骏阳,等,2016.先进金属材料的第二相强化[J].金属学报,52(10):1183-1198. |
null | 宁远涛,2002.合金元素对Au的强化效应与应用[J].贵金属,23(3):51-56. |
null | 宁远涛,2007. Au与Au合金材料近年的发展与进步[J]. 贵金属,28(2):57-64. |
null | 彭秋明,唐定骧,2012.稀土贵金属材料研究进展[J].燕山大学学报,36(5):377-382. |
null | 宋扬,刘丽华,张中武,2021.钛微合金化低碳钢的研究进展[J].材料导报,35(15):15175-15182. |
null | 谢自能,1987.添加元素对金及其合金的性能之影响[J].贵金属,(1):46-59. |
null | 严胜,2020.加钙AZ63镁合金的热处理工艺研究[J].南方金属,(5):7-9,36. |
null | 阳岸恒,谢宏潮,2007.金锗合金在电子工业中的应用[J].贵金属,(1):63-66. |
null | 杨青青,熊惟皓,张杰,等,1999.微合金化与形变热处理对足金强度的影响[J].华中理工大学学报,(增1):38-41. |
null | 杨玉璐,马永华,1982.Au Ag Cu Mn Gd 合金金相组织的显示[J].贵金属,(3):47-49. |
null | 袁军平,李桂双,陈德东,等,2015.钴锑钪合金化足金材料的硬化行为[J].材料热处理学报,36(5):5-9. |
null | 钟祥涛,王慧,2013.首饰用千足硬金制造工艺探讨[J].超硬材料工程,25(2):53-55. |
null | 周新铭,李曲波,1994.金的微量元素合金化[J].贵金属,15(2):1-9. |
/
〈 | 〉 |