Experimental Study on Rock Burst Tendency and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Limestone at Different Buried Depths
Received date: 2021-03-23
Revised date: 2021-05-21
Online published: 2022-03-07
With the increasing demand for mineral resources，deep mining is becoming more and more popular in mines and rock burst disasters are becoming more and more frequent. Rock burst warning and prevention have become one of the major safety issues that need to be solved in the field of geotechnical engineering in the world today. The acoustic emission of rock is an effective carrier to reflect the internal damage information of rock. The study on the characteristics of acoustic emission parameters in the process of rock burst rupture and instability provides a theoretical basis for the early warning of rock burst by acoustic emission parameters in deep mining. Limestone core samples were obtained from the same borehole at different depths in a copper mine. By carrying out conventional uniaxial tests of limestone with different buried depths，the stress-strain curve and acoustic emission time-domain characteristic parameters in the limestone failure process were obtained； the elastic energy index WET，deformation brittleness index Kε and linear elastic energy Weindex were used to distinguish Limestone rock burst tendency of different buried depths； By analyzing the characteristic parameters of acoustic emission in the failure process of limestone and their changing laws，the precursor information characteristics of rock bursts were established. The results show that with the depth gradient increases，when the buried depth is more than 1 000 m，the limestone has a strong rock burst tendency.The accumulative energy-time variation curve of acoustic emission during the compressive failure of lime stones at different depths can be divided into three stages，namely，steady stage，growth stage and failure stage. The stable stage is in the initial compaction stage of limestone. As the tendency of limestone rock burst becomes stronger，the axial strain corresponding to the acoustic emission energy at this stage becomes smaller. The growth stage is the expansion stage of new fissures in the limestone rock. The cumulative acoustic emission energy changes with the depth of the burial depth and presents a “step-like”evolution to a “smooth”growth form，and the failure stage is the stage of macroscopic cracks causing rock mass destruction. In this stage，as the tendency of limestone rock burst gradually increases，the energy released by rock burst increases.The dominant frequency of each deep limestone sample is mainly the low frequency band of 90~180 kHz，while the medium and strong rock burst tendencies have a high frequency secondary frequency of 270~330 kHz.The fractal characteristics of the acoustic emission energy rate of limestone under the depth gradient are consistent with the evolution law of its internal fissures.The evolution mode of fractal dimension value of limestone rock burst tendency from weak to strong at different depths is based on “up-dimension-wave-dimension reduction”.The evolution of “steady-dimensional reduction” can provide a theoretical basis for early warning of rock burst in deep mining.
Qiang ZENG , Xiaorong HUANG , Xiaojun WANG , Qinglin CHEN , Jian LIU , Cong GONG . Experimental Study on Rock Burst Tendency and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Limestone at Different Buried Depths[J]. Gold Science and Technology, 2021 , 29(6) : 863 -873 . DOI: 10.11872/j.issn.1005-2518.2021.06.043
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